Thanks to my good friend Heather Long — OK, OK, we’ve never actually met — I found this article in The New York Times:
The editor of a top academic journal is facing calls to resign after criticizing protesters as “flat earthers” for wanting to defund the police.
By Ben Casselman and Jim Tankersley | Published June 10, 2020 | Updated June 11, 2020, 7:51 AM EDT
The national protests seeking an end to systemic discrimination against black Americans have given new fuel to a racial reckoning in economics, a discipline dominated by white men despite decades of efforts to open greater opportunity for women and nonwhite men. . . .
Black Americans are vastly underrepresented among economics students and professors, a wide range of data have shown. There are no black editors of the most prestigious economics journals. There are no black professors in the main economics department at Chicago, Mr. Uhlig’s employer, which is one of the most storied departments in the country.
It has been many decades since last I was in college, but at least in the 1970s a student’s choice of major was exactly that: a choice. When the authors state that “Black Americans are vastly underrepresented among economics students,” are they not saying that black students have taken personal decisions to study something other than economics?
Actually, most white students also choose to study something other than economics; not for nothing is economics called the “dismal science“.
The phrase “the dismal science” first occurs in Thomas Carlyle’s 1849 tract called Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question, in which he argued in favor of reintroducing slavery in order to restore productivity to the West Indies:
Not a “gay science”, I should say, like some we have heard of; no, a dreary, desolate and, indeed, quite abject and distressing one; what we might call, by way of eminence, the dismal science.
Though easily looked up, few are aware of the term’s origin, and, given the silliness going on these days, it’s probably only that general ignorance which keeps every member of the field from being denounced as horribly raaaaacist for studying the dismal science, given Mr Carlyle’s advocacy of reintroducing slavery into the British West Indies.¹
But if few know the origin of the phrase, that the “dismal science” refers to economics is much more widely known, and it is hardly a surprise to me that students of all races mostly eschew it. Though my degrees are not technically in economics, I’ve enough economics courses to have constituted a third major in it, if the University of Kentucky’s College of Arts and Sciences had allowed it. My interest — pun very much intended — in economics came from the introductory course, at the time designated Econ 161, and how commercial banks created money. Once I got my head around that concept — it isn’t one which makes a lot of sense initially² — it was as though the light bulb went on; after that, economics concepts came easily to me.
Back to The New York Times:
A growing chorus of economists is seeking to dislodge the editor of a top academic publication, the University of Chicago economist Harald Uhlig, after he criticized the Black Lives Matter organization on Twitter and equated its members with “flat earthers” over their embrace of calls to defund police departments.
Days earlier, the profession’s de facto governing body, the American Economic Association, sent a letter to its members supporting protesters and saying that “we have only begun to understand racism and its impact on our profession and our discipline.” A group of economists, mostly from outside academia, last week hosted an online fund-raising effort for the Sadie Collective, an organization that aims to bring more black women into the field.
Black economists say the events have brought some progress to a field that has long struggled with discrimination in its ranks — and with a refusal by many of its leaders to acknowledge discrimination in the country at large. But the profession remains nowhere close to a full-scale shift on racial issues: On Wednesday, the director of the White House National Economic Council, Larry Kudlow, told reporters, “I don’t believe there is systemic racism in the U.S.”
Dr Uhlig made some statements which others have interpreted as racist or at least insufficiently sensitive to the #BlackLivesMatter #GeorgeFloyd protesters. He tweeted:
The transcript of his thread:
Too bad, but #blacklivesmatter per its core organization @Blklivesmatter just torpedoed itself, with its full-fledged support of #defundthepolice: “We call for a national defunding of police.” Suuuure. They knew this is non-starter, and tried a sensible Orwell 1984 of saying, oh, it just means funding schools (who isn’t in favor of that?!?).But no, the so-called “activists” did not want that. Back to truly “defunding” thus, according to their website. Sigh. #GeorgeFloyd and his family really didn’t deserve being taken advantage of by flat-earthers and creationists. Oh well. Time for sensible adults to enter back into the room and have serious, earnest, respectful conversations about it all: e.g. policy reform proposals by @TheDemocrat and national healing. We need more police, we need to pay them more, we need to train them better. Look: I understand, that some out there still wish to go and protest and say #defundpolice and all kinds of stuff, while you are still young and responsibility does not matter. Enjoy! Express yourself! Just don’t break anything, ok? And be back by 8 pm.
Figuring that it is possible that, in the fact of the backlash, Dr Uhlig will delete his thread, I thought that the transcript was necessary.
What did Dr Uhlig say that was so horribly offensive? In short, he told the protesters to grow the f(ornicate) up! He’s smart enough to understand that if we are stupid enough to ‘defund the police,’ the entire concepts of private property and individual liberties are gone, as your property may be seized and your rights violated by anyone with the strength or firepower to do so.
Not that I’m advocating it, mind you, but there would be one heck of a sense of schadenfreude if some armed bikers went into the police-free Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone and started just taking the protesters iPhones and laptops, and there’d be nothing the soy boy protesters could do about it. That’d teach them a hard lesson!
Of course, they should have already learned that lesson, as this now-protected tweet by lauracouç demonstrates: the people they thought would be their allies, weren’t. But if what they want are “vegan meat substitutes, fruits, oats, soy products, etc,” it kind of shows just what kind of people have ‘seized power’ in the ‘autonomous zone.’ They are the sheep who would be least able to survive without the police protecting them from people who didn’t care about them, from people who were willing to simply take what they wanted, from food to money to, let’s be honest about it, women.
The so-called ‘Summer of Love’ in San Francisco had a dark underside, which people didn’t want to see or think about. Since sex was ‘free love,’ women were simply expected to consent, and if they didn’t, for whatever reasons they had, some of them were just plain raped. That’s the kind of thing that can happen without the police.
Dr Uhlig called for these people who are purported to be adults to act like adults . . . and for that, other people, who are also purported to be adults, want to get the adult who gave adult advice fired.
Lacking any real evidence, Messrs Casselman and Tankersley had to dredge up something from when John Kennedy was President:
Economics has a history of discrimination and, in some cases, outright racism. George Stigler, a Nobel laureate and an early leader of the American Economic Association, criticized the civil rights movement in 1962 and wrote that African-Americans’ disadvantages in the labor market stemmed in part from their “inferiority as a worker.”
“Lacking education, lacking a tenacity of purpose, lacking a willingness to work hard, he will not be an object of employers’ competition,” he wrote.
OK, that’s something which would be considered pretty extreme today, but perhaps wasn’t when it was published 58 years ago. But the authors followed it up immediately with:
Few scholars today would use such language. But the ideas persist: Economics journals are still filled with papers that emphasize differences in education, upbringing or even IQ rather than discrimination or structural barriers.
Damon Jones, an economist at the University of Chicago’s Harris School of Public Policy, says the lack of diversity in economics affects what is studied and how. “We study things that are related to race and racism all the time, but we are inclined to figure out what other explanations may be at play,” he said.
And there you have it: if you conflate “differences in education, upbringing or even IQ” with race, as Messrs Casselman and Tankersley did, then the solution to the problem can only be some form of Affirmative Action: they have to bring more black Americans into economics, even if not many black college students choose to study the dismal science. And if they can’t somehow equalize them number of black students who study economics, then they’ll just have to make sure that, out of that limited-in-size pool, those promoted, those who seek professorships and tenure are rewarded in greater numbers.
The Russian was Лысéнковщина, Lysenkoism, a political campaign led by Trofim Lysenko to curry favor with Josef Stalin, against genetics and science-based agriculture in the mid-20th century. More broadly, it was the politicization of science throughout the Soviet Union, where everything had to serve the political demands of the Communist Party.
And that’s what we are seeing here: academic research is being subjected not only to political correctness, something that has been happening for a while now, but now to #RacialJustice as well. Who cares if the research is good or the conclusions are right; if they aren’t expressed in fealty to #BlackLivesMatter and #RacialJustice, not only will the studies be trashed, but the activists will try to get the scientists fired.³
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¹ – The Abolition of Slavery Act was passed by Parliament in 1833, and given Royal Assent by King William IV. It took effect on August 1, 1834.
² – Economics 161: If Mr Smith has $1,000 in the bank, and Mr Jones comes in to borrow $200, due to reserve requirements, the amount of cash the bank must have on hand to meet withdrawals, the bank can lend Mr Jones $200 out of the $1,000 deposited by Mr Smith. Since Mr Smith still has $1,000 deposited, and Mr Jones now has $200, the bank has created $200. If Mr Jones deposits that $200 in the bank, bank records will then show $1,200 in the bank.
³ – Law professor William Jacobson noted today on Le*gal In*sur*rec*tion that There’s an effort to get him fired at Cornell for criticizing the Black Lives Matter Movement. It probably doesn’t help Professor Jacobson that he’s a Joooo who strongly supports Israel.