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America as a World Leader: Internal Change


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Contents


America as World Leader: Internal Change

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US Domestic Politics: The State

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American Society: Immigration

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The 20th Century Expansion of Legal Rights

  • William O. Douglas (1898-1980): A Living Bill of Rights, excerpts, 1961 [At Internet Archive, from Civnet]
  • Balance of Power
  • Rights in Court
    • Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963 [At USInfo]
      Extended 6th Amendment right to counsel to defendants in state court cases.
  • Racial Equality
  • Free Speech
    • Abrams v. United States, 1919 [At USInfo]
      The dissent by Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes which is seen as the start of modern judicial approaches to free speech.
    • Whitney v. California, 1927 [At USInfo]
      Justice Louis D. Brandeis's concurrence is counted as one of the greatest defences of free speech.
    • Near v. Minnesota, 1931 [At USInfo]
      Extended the First Amendment to cover state courts.
    • West Virginia Board of Education v.Barnette, 1943 [At USInfo]
      In  Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940), the Supreme Court sustained local school board requirements that all students salute the flag. Jehovah's Witnesses refused to compromise, and in this case the Supreme Court reversed its earlier decision.
    • Engel v. Vitale, 1962 [At USInfo]
      The Supreme court effectively bans school prayer.
    • New York Times Co. v. United States, 1971 [At USInfo]
      The Supreme Court rules against "prior restraint" in publication.
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NOTES: Dates of accession of material added since July 1998 can be seen in the New Additions page.. The date of inception was 9/22/1997. Links to files at other site are indicated by [At some indication of the site name or location]. Locally available texts are marked by [At this Site]. WEB indicates a link to one of small number of high quality web sites which provide either more texts or an especially valuable overview.