Uwe Johnson, the Faulkner of East Germany, wrote a 1,700-page tome describing America's empty grandiosity. Is it the most ambivalent immigration novel ever written?... more »
Read Lucia Berlin and you’ll think: “Here is a woman who really knows what it’s like to vomit.” Patricia Lockwood explains... more »
Selfies, with machinelike monotony, reduce us to predictable characters. Can they become artistic statements, like self-portraits once were?... more »
The path to literary glory is paved with calumny, envy, bias, and malice. Past those obstacles, many others await... more »
“What’s a hundred years?” asks John McPhee. “Nothing. And everything.” His quiet, meticulous writing style was built to last... more »
We build the boxes we live in, write on square pieces of paper, and invented the four-cornered frame. This frame is what separates us from nature itself... more »
Alexander Weygers, the Leonardo of Silicon Valley, subsisted on dandelion soup and gopher stew while designing flying saucers. It was a simpler time... more »
The modern world teems with beliefs in astrology, paranormality, and demonic possession. But that isn't evidence we've left the Enlightenment’s legacy unfulfilled... more »
In the works of Richard Rorty and Michael Walzer is an argument for how to liberate the left from itself. Their ideas can look feeble or sentimental or unsophisticated. They are, in fact, necessary... more »
The borderless fluidity of open-office plans was supposed to break down creativity-stifling partitions. Instead, workers have never been more isolated... more »
Edward Gorey created his modern Gothic aesthetic with one self-described aim: "make everybody as uneasy as possible." He was uniquely successful... more »
Saint Oscar, Wilde the Irishman, Wilde the wit, classicist, socialist, martyr for gay rights: The Oscar Wilde industry gives us the Wilde we need — or at least the Wilde that sells... more »
"I have no better expression than the term 'religious' for this trust in the rational character of reality," said Einstein. But his was a god of philosophy, not religion... more »
The hawking of Stephen Hawking has not ceased with his death. "The final book" would have benefited from a little more editing and a little less marketing... more »
William H. Gass compiled a final collection near the end of his life, resigned to the fact that his real legacy would be buried by the fickle winds of literary opinion... more »
What if the theory of mind that underwrites our individual distinctiveness has no basis in what neuroscience tells us about how the brain works? Alex Rosenberg explains... more »
Atheism needs theistic ideas to give it life. “Some of the most radical forms of atheism,” says John Gray, are indistinguishable from “some mystical varieties of religion”... more »
What's the burden of the black public intellectual? She defends and explains black culture, and argues for black people’s humanity, but does so for a white audience... more »
The monochrome myth. Plenty of evidence that ancient sculptures were full of color can't compete with our ardor for whiteness. It's a centuries-long act of collective blindness... more »
Claude Debussy's seeming aimlessness kept him in financial peril. It also afforded him the time to write La Mer, Pelléas et Mélisande, and exquisite chamber music... more »
The greatest book ever written about the theater? The Season by William Goldman, who died recently. What makes it great? Its bluntness... more »
Calculating, cutthroat, self-interested, teacher of tyrants: What was Machiavelli up to? Debunking ideas of virtue and vice... more »
In 1930, John Maynard Keynes predicted that technology would give rise to a 15-hour workweek. Instead it gave rise to pointless work... more »
An idiom is like a musical phrase; a cliché is like an earworm. "If idioms help us think outside the box, clichés box us in"... more »
Meet the geno-economists, who believe that genes measurably influence social outcomes. Dangerous idea. But impossible to ignore... more »
Taciturn, discreet, undemonstrative, Fryderyk Chopin, that frail, tubercular Pole, was comfortable only at the piano... more »
What do we mean when we talk about “quality of life”? Aging is not a problem to be solved. It is a meaning to be lived out... more »
Douglas Prasher works at a Toyota dealership in Huntsville, Alabama. In 2008, he should have won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. What happened?... more »
“In a few years I can be top-flight painter if I want.” So said Jack Kerouac in 1956. Was his work really that good?... more »
The pun, long considered the lowest form of wit, is widely — and unfairly! — reviled. Puns are at once pedestrian and profound... more »
“I totally let my freak flag fly now,” says Jonathan Franzen. So he imitates bird chirps, ponders the cat problem, and goofs off... more »
About 4.5 billion years ago, Earth was born. Not long after, life emerged. Was it an inevitability of the laws of nature?... more »
What is "cultural Marxism"? An old slander posing as a new insight. The myth led to grievous harm in the last century. How about ours?... more »
Saul Bellow adjusts to fame. "If I find now that I can’t control the volume, I can always stuff my ears with money”... more »
Remembered for serene portraits, Félix Nadar lived a frenetic life. He was first to photograph underground and from the air, and was possibly the inventor of airmail... more »
What makes bullshit bullshit? The answer is psychological and sociological, as well as linguistic and philosophical... more »
Giacomo Leopardi felt trapped by his reactionary father and penny-pinching mother. What emerged were his musings on the darkness of the human condition... more »
The bedroom, a place of love and of death, seduces us. Unfortunately, a new "intimate history" does not... more »
How did Sartre come to embrace Marxism? The tale involves his friendship with Camus, and his work at a clandestine newspaper... more »
How a niche publication for evolutionary psychologists tested the limits of iconoclasm on gender, race and intelligence... more »
What caused Nietzsche’s insanity? The usual theories — syphilis, seeing a horse being whipped — don’t hold up... more »
"It remains startling to me how little many men have to do to earn intellectual authority," says Jill Lepore, "and how much more women have to do"... more »
Dickens died before putting the final touches on The Mystery of Edwin Drood. Theories abound as to his intent for Drood, but can we know for sure?... more »
Automata of antiquity. Mythic Crete was the Silicon Valley of the ancient world, home of the cryptic maze, manned flight, self-guided arrows... more »
The American Memoir tells a recurring story of personal responsibility and freedom from history. As Christopher J. Lebron explains, it is a lie... more »
Yuval Noah Harari's prophecies might have made him toxic in Silicon Valley. Instead the dystopian futurist is the darling of the tech elite... more »
Tragedy and religion. Disease killed her son; her husband fell off a mountain. "No one escapes terrible loss," says Elaine Pagels... more »
Difficult books are difficult in different ways. Some are just plain bad. But readability is not always good. The case for difficult books... more »
Thomas More’s Utopia, published in 1516, contained the first fantasy map in a work of fiction. It was hardly the last... more »
Hermann Hesse was intent on alienating his parents. He smoked, read Turgenev with a revolver, and wrote bad poetry... more »
Calling bullshit has a venerable intellectual pedigree. And why not? Bullshitters get the kudos without the work... more »
Canadian fiction is often cloying and safe. What explains the absence of the socially ambitious Great Canadian Novel?... more »
The Enlightenment definitively and rigidly shapes modern society. But the idea of all-encompassing rationality is a mirage... more »
Wars of conquest have declined sharply over the past seven decades. Could a treaty signed in 1928 be the cause?... more »
Yes, nearly every great thinker of the past was sexist or racist or both. But that doesn't mean you can't admire them... more »
The unlikely odyssey of Sergei Shchukin: How a Russian textile magnate became one of the most important patrons of the Parisian avant-garde... more »
Art, before the age of mechanical reproduction. The four extant original manuscripts of Old English poetry are a reminder of the yawning void of history... more »
Nero wanted to kill his mother, but how? Poison wouldn’t work, weapons were too obvious, a defective boat somehow failed to sink... more »
The two Sylvia Plaths. How to reconcile her cheery letters — cooking, acquiring a hunky husband — with a disenchanting domestic life?... more »
When Donald Hall turned 80, he’d stopped writing poetry. He'd lost 60 pounds. He was ill and depressed. Then he rediscovered prose... more »
The first "bottom-up" history of the world resides in an Austrian salt mine. "It's a global project — and its history is written by everyone"... more »
The Beast of Beverly Hills. Architectural Digest made a fortune by placing a good bet: Americans would drool over celebrity, money, and power... more »
A golden age of English literature began under a draconian monarchy. For Thomas Wyatt, this meant collaborating with — and falling victim to — tyrants... more »
Uwe Johnson, the Faulkner of East Germany, wrote a 1,700-page tome describing America's empty grandiosity. Is it the most ambivalent immigration novel ever written?... more »
The path to literary glory is paved with calumny, envy, bias, and malice. Past those obstacles, many others await... more »
Alexander Weygers, the Leonardo of Silicon Valley, subsisted on dandelion soup and gopher stew while designing flying saucers. It was a simpler time... more »
The borderless fluidity of open-office plans was supposed to break down creativity-stifling partitions. Instead, workers have never been more isolated... more »
"I have no better expression than the term 'religious' for this trust in the rational character of reality," said Einstein. But his was a god of philosophy, not religion... more »
What if the theory of mind that underwrites our individual distinctiveness has no basis in what neuroscience tells us about how the brain works? Alex Rosenberg explains... more »
The monochrome myth. Plenty of evidence that ancient sculptures were full of color can't compete with our ardor for whiteness. It's a centuries-long act of collective blindness... more »
Calculating, cutthroat, self-interested, teacher of tyrants: What was Machiavelli up to? Debunking ideas of virtue and vice... more »
Meet the geno-economists, who believe that genes measurably influence social outcomes. Dangerous idea. But impossible to ignore... more »
Douglas Prasher works at a Toyota dealership in Huntsville, Alabama. In 2008, he should have won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. What happened?... more »
“I totally let my freak flag fly now,” says Jonathan Franzen. So he imitates bird chirps, ponders the cat problem, and goofs off... more »
Saul Bellow adjusts to fame. "If I find now that I can’t control the volume, I can always stuff my ears with money”... more »
Giacomo Leopardi felt trapped by his reactionary father and penny-pinching mother. What emerged were his musings on the darkness of the human condition... more »
How a niche publication for evolutionary psychologists tested the limits of iconoclasm on gender, race and intelligence... more »
Dickens died before putting the final touches on The Mystery of Edwin Drood. Theories abound as to his intent for Drood, but can we know for sure?... more »
Yuval Noah Harari's prophecies might have made him toxic in Silicon Valley. Instead the dystopian futurist is the darling of the tech elite... more »
Thomas More’s Utopia, published in 1516, contained the first fantasy map in a work of fiction. It was hardly the last... more »
Canadian fiction is often cloying and safe. What explains the absence of the socially ambitious Great Canadian Novel?... more »
Yes, nearly every great thinker of the past was sexist or racist or both. But that doesn't mean you can't admire them... more »
Nero wanted to kill his mother, but how? Poison wouldn’t work, weapons were too obvious, a defective boat somehow failed to sink... more »
The first "bottom-up" history of the world resides in an Austrian salt mine. "It's a global project — and its history is written by everyone"... more »
For 30 years, an unpublished manuscript about slaves and sailors in the Caribbean has been an underground sensation. Why is it reaching print only now?... more »
Before his Modernist masterpieces, the architect Philip Johnson devoted his talents to restoring Hitler’s reputation. Was he a Nazi spy?... more »
The most productive and worst botanist in history. Constantine Rafinesque described 6,000 “new” plant species. Many were well-known weeds... more »
Tales from a publishing family. Jane Austen was upset with a printing delay. And Charles Darwin was not amenable to making On the Origin of Species solely about pigeons... more »
The Better Angels of Our Nature, Bowling Alone, The New Jim Crow: What's the most influential book of the past 20 years?... more »
Prison camps, dystopia, terrorism, intelligentsia: Russian history has been a godsend for literature. And for political language as well... more »
We live in an age of epistemological mayhem. Bruno Latour, a contemporary philosopher, anticipated it or helped cause it. Or both... more »
A Simone Weil revival is underway. She was strange, intelligent, and idiosyncratic, but her life tells us much about ourselves... more »
Ursula K. Le Guin did not appreciate being labeled a science-fiction writer: “I’m a novelist and poet. Don’t shove me into your damn pigeonhole”... more »
Death of a bookman. Philip Dosse was a brilliant, eccentric, tyrant of a publisher. Then his empire of arts magazines failed... more »
This desire for unanimity permeates the literary world. One casualty: the insistence on accuracy by the “Translation Police.” We need them still... more »
Martin Duberman, godfather of gay studies, was warned by a therapist in 1955 about "the hopelessness of homosexual life." Now 88, he still feels damaged... more »
Russell Kirk was more littérateur than leader. But just think how different things might be had he, not William F. Buckley Jr., been the public face of conservativism... more »
Francis Fukuyama's instinctively dialectical habit of mind is at once precisely what America needs and what is precisely being ousted from the discourse... more »
In medieval texts, the planning and execution of a war might take up a paragraph. In modern writing, much less happens. How thinking supplanted action in literature... more »
Manure, wood shavings, hot peanuts, greasepaint, popcorn, burning sugar, sweat, despair: There's nothing like the smell of the circus... more »
Sotheby's and spectacle. Banksy’s autoshredding stunt reinforces how contemporary art is not so much about art but the documentation of an event... more »
Descriptions of the future are hopelessly tied to the gadgets of today. Ideas, not technology, drive the biggest historical changes... more »
Steven Pinker believes that we take the Enlightenment’s gifts for granted; Homi Bhabha believes that we must calculate the cost of those gifts. A debate... more »
Read Lucia Berlin and you’ll think: “Here is a woman who really knows what it’s like to vomit.” Patricia Lockwood explains... more »
“What’s a hundred years?” asks John McPhee. “Nothing. And everything.” His quiet, meticulous writing style was built to last... more »
The modern world teems with beliefs in astrology, paranormality, and demonic possession. But that isn't evidence we've left the Enlightenment’s legacy unfulfilled... more »
Edward Gorey created his modern Gothic aesthetic with one self-described aim: "make everybody as uneasy as possible." He was uniquely successful... more »
The hawking of Stephen Hawking has not ceased with his death. "The final book" would have benefited from a little more editing and a little less marketing... more »
Atheism needs theistic ideas to give it life. “Some of the most radical forms of atheism,” says John Gray, are indistinguishable from “some mystical varieties of religion”... more »
Claude Debussy's seeming aimlessness kept him in financial peril. It also afforded him the time to write La Mer, Pelléas et Mélisande, and exquisite chamber music... more »
In 1930, John Maynard Keynes predicted that technology would give rise to a 15-hour workweek. Instead it gave rise to pointless work... more »
Taciturn, discreet, undemonstrative, Fryderyk Chopin, that frail, tubercular Pole, was comfortable only at the piano... more »
“In a few years I can be top-flight painter if I want.” So said Jack Kerouac in 1956. Was his work really that good?... more »
About 4.5 billion years ago, Earth was born. Not long after, life emerged. Was it an inevitability of the laws of nature?... more »
Remembered for serene portraits, Félix Nadar lived a frenetic life. He was first to photograph underground and from the air, and was possibly the inventor of airmail... more »
The bedroom, a place of love and of death, seduces us. Unfortunately, a new "intimate history" does not... more »
What caused Nietzsche’s insanity? The usual theories — syphilis, seeing a horse being whipped — don’t hold up... more »
Automata of antiquity. Mythic Crete was the Silicon Valley of the ancient world, home of the cryptic maze, manned flight, self-guided arrows... more »
Tragedy and religion. Disease killed her son; her husband fell off a mountain. "No one escapes terrible loss," says Elaine Pagels... more »
Hermann Hesse was intent on alienating his parents. He smoked, read Turgenev with a revolver, and wrote bad poetry... more »
The Enlightenment definitively and rigidly shapes modern society. But the idea of all-encompassing rationality is a mirage... more »
The unlikely odyssey of Sergei Shchukin: How a Russian textile magnate became one of the most important patrons of the Parisian avant-garde... more »
The two Sylvia Plaths. How to reconcile her cheery letters — cooking, acquiring a hunky husband — with a disenchanting domestic life?... more »
The Beast of Beverly Hills. Architectural Digest made a fortune by placing a good bet: Americans would drool over celebrity, money, and power... more »
Life on the lecture circuit. Frederick Douglass’s moral crusade entailed exhausting rail journeys, hostile mobs, and time away from his dysfunctional family... more »
The many Karl Marxes: He is relentlessly reinterpreted, analyzed, medicalized, flattered, and diminished. Why can't we stop talking about him?... more »
Saul Bellow's youthful Trotskyism had, by the mid-‘60s, given way to liberalism. Then he wrote the first neoconservative novel, Mr. Sammler’s Planet... more »
The cloaked fiend. Vampires, seen philosophically, represent “black illumination” and “blasphemous life.” They are a dark, epistemic riddle... more »
The appeal of Stoic philosophy to both ancient Romans and today’s therapy-chasing Americans is unsurprising. But darkness is at the heart of Stoicism... more »
"By one estimate," says Carl Zimmer, "genealogy has now become the second-most-popular search topic on the internet. It is outranked only by porn"... more »
A character study of God. Literary criticism is a valuable way to understand religious texts. But do the same methods work for the Bible and Quran?... more »
For Jill Lepore, history is about how we know what we know (or think we do), and what to make of the gap between evidence and truth... more »
His mother was his muse. Philip Larkin wrote home with terrifying frequency but didn’t have much to say beyond the trivial... more »
Hauntings, haints, and wraiths of every stripe and disposition appear in today’s literary fiction. But what to make of literature’s spectral moment?... more »
Lionel Trilling did not care to be a critic or to be thought of as one. He always seemed to want to be somewhere else, doing something else... more »
Writers and their fathers. In the space between what Joyce knew about his father, a violent drunk, and what Joyce felt about him, the author forged his style... more »
It’s tempting to think that enchantment ended with the Enlightenment. But what of Isaac Newton’s alchemy, the Frankfurt School’s occult leanings, Americans’ belief in demonic possession?... more »
A strange first job. After Oxford, Anthony Powell joined perhaps the only publishing house run by someone who hated books and considered authors “a natural enemy”... more »
The literature of identity can be self-obsessed, isolating, and overwhelmingly aggrieved. But it can also rally us to the cause of individual freedom... more »
Cy Twombly fell for Robert Rauschenberg, an Italian heiress, and, reportedly, his own assistant. His art, like his love life, was inscrutable... more »
George Scialabba is a mind out of time. His temper — a radical who demonstrates the virtues of conservatism — is the very opposite of what passes for serious thought these days... more »
Gandhi: Behind the cuddly icon was a relentlessly counterintuitive thinker — self-sacrifice over self-interest, obligations over rights, dying over killing... more »
Selfies, with machinelike monotony, reduce us to predictable characters. Can they become artistic statements, like self-portraits once were?... more »
We build the boxes we live in, write on square pieces of paper, and invented the four-cornered frame. This frame is what separates us from nature itself... more »
In the works of Richard Rorty and Michael Walzer is an argument for how to liberate the left from itself. Their ideas can look feeble or sentimental or unsophisticated. They are, in fact, necessary... more »
Saint Oscar, Wilde the Irishman, Wilde the wit, classicist, socialist, martyr for gay rights: The Oscar Wilde industry gives us the Wilde we need — or at least the Wilde that sells... more »
William H. Gass compiled a final collection near the end of his life, resigned to the fact that his real legacy would be buried by the fickle winds of literary opinion... more »
What's the burden of the black public intellectual? She defends and explains black culture, and argues for black people’s humanity, but does so for a white audience... more »
The greatest book ever written about the theater? The Season by William Goldman, who died recently. What makes it great? Its bluntness... more »
An idiom is like a musical phrase; a cliché is like an earworm. "If idioms help us think outside the box, clichés box us in"... more »
What do we mean when we talk about “quality of life”? Aging is not a problem to be solved. It is a meaning to be lived out... more »
The pun, long considered the lowest form of wit, is widely — and unfairly! — reviled. Puns are at once pedestrian and profound... more »
What is "cultural Marxism"? An old slander posing as a new insight. The myth led to grievous harm in the last century. How about ours?... more »
What makes bullshit bullshit? The answer is psychological and sociological, as well as linguistic and philosophical... more »
How did Sartre come to embrace Marxism? The tale involves his friendship with Camus, and his work at a clandestine newspaper... more »
"It remains startling to me how little many men have to do to earn intellectual authority," says Jill Lepore, "and how much more women have to do"... more »
The American Memoir tells a recurring story of personal responsibility and freedom from history. As Christopher J. Lebron explains, it is a lie... more »
Difficult books are difficult in different ways. Some are just plain bad. But readability is not always good. The case for difficult books... more »
Calling bullshit has a venerable intellectual pedigree. And why not? Bullshitters get the kudos without the work... more »
Wars of conquest have declined sharply over the past seven decades. Could a treaty signed in 1928 be the cause?... more »
Art, before the age of mechanical reproduction. The four extant original manuscripts of Old English poetry are a reminder of the yawning void of history... more »
When Donald Hall turned 80, he’d stopped writing poetry. He'd lost 60 pounds. He was ill and depressed. Then he rediscovered prose... more »
A golden age of English literature began under a draconian monarchy. For Thomas Wyatt, this meant collaborating with — and falling victim to — tyrants... more »
The whitewashing of antiquity. Fascists have long looked to the ancient world as a source of ideology and pride. They are abetted by a generation of scholars... more »
Francis Perey’s eureka moment had come. Unfortunately, the physicist’s landmark paper was “maddeningly repetitious philosophical froth”... more »
Who would have thought that n+1, largely founded by men, would in time become the world’s least boring journal of feminist theory?... more »
The art world is a place of cravenness and tropospheric wealth, beset by toxic rot and junkie-like behavior. Yet it can still produce good work... more »
Beyond dark and stormy nights. Gothic literature is more than candles and curses. Its chief concerns are terror, the sublime, and the uncanny... more »
True artistic freedom comes from not caring about quality, métier, or meaning. Magritte found it when he set those all aside to make a joke... more »
Claude Debussy, a "very, very strange man," was an acutely literary composer. His music, heavily influenced by poetry, is easy to love but hard to explain... more »
The Swedish Academy’s decision to take a year off from awarding the Nobel Prize in Literature brings to a close more than a century of foolishness... more »
The workings of the multimillion-dollar machine that publishes academic journals are complex. They're also implausible and outrageous... more »
The opponents of political correctness are not a pitiable collection of angry old white men. They are people of all ages and all colors protective of their liberties... more »
“He was a boy raised on a river.” Is there anything new to say about Mark Twain? In a slew of new books, scholars try and fail... more »
An orthodoxy has taken hold of intellectual, cultural, and academic life. Its hallmarks: moral preening, lazy attitudinizing, and grim-faced virtue-signaling. The remedy: Marxists against wokeness... more »
"The university has nurtured many partisan causes to which its members can devote themselves, but there seem to be few partisans of the university itself left"... more »
What happens when our writers and thinkers express themselves through Facebook instead of on the page? Imagine Herzog in the era of the status update... more »
Precision "pervades our lives entirely, comprehensively, wholly," says Simon Winchester. But does the abstract concept have a precise history? Yes. It begins in 1776... more »
The pernicious social dynamics of the internet. We overshare about our personal lives and fail to understand those of others. Narcissism spreads; empathy vanishes... more »
What is the point of a bookish life? It's not to become knowledgeable or clever, and certainly not to become learned. It is to become wiser... more »
When his aged father and newborn son died within a few years of each other, William James took an interest in "ghosts and clairvoyances and raps and messages from spirits"... more »
Women do the lion’s share of the book reading, editing, agenting, and buying. Still, we live in a literary culture that ignores women... more »
What was the Frankfurt School? Twentieth-century Europe had exposed civilization’s dark impulses. Did the new reality demand a new style of critique?... more »
Are you charming? (Hint: If you think you are, you’re probably not.) But what is charm? Easier to determine what it isn't... more »
Is the “grievance studies” hoax an effort to spotlight fashionable nonsense in the academy, a salutary correction, or a reactionary hit job?... more »
To be called a plagiarist is arguably the most existential accusation a writer can face. But perhaps borrowing is simply part of art... more »
The painter Sam Rothbort’s pacifist ideals led him to open a no-kill egg farm in the 1920s. His unlikely past: fighting in an armed resistance... more »
Soft murmurs, the shuffling of papers, the groan of book carts. Libraries have a steady, timeless feel, as if there we can live forever... more »
A new culture war. The moralizers are young, and their quest is for representation and social justice. The result? Dull art... more »
The apostle of pastiche, Leonard Bernstein flitted between high and low, sacred and profane, romanticism and kitsch. He was music’s public intellectual... more »
“It was tedious & futile & fatiguing. I found I was not at all frightened; only very bored & very weary.” Evelyn Waugh at war... more »
Alarmed at the progress of his research, the German nuclear physicist Felix Houtermans sent a secret telegram to America: “Hurry up. We are on the track”... more »
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