Protein

Proteins (/ˈproʊˌtiːnz/ or /ˈproʊti.ᵻnz/) are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that determines its activity.

A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20-30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides, or sometimes oligopeptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine and—in certain archaea—pyrrolysine. Shortly after or even during synthesis, the residues in a protein are often chemically modified by posttranslational modification, which alters the physical and chemical properties, folding, stability, activity, and ultimately, the function of the proteins. Sometimes proteins have non-peptide groups attached, which can be called prosthetic groups or cofactors. Proteins can also work together to achieve a particular function, and they often associate to form stable protein complexes.

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Protein

Latest News for: protein

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Rare protein allergy would give PKU sufferer 'brain damage'

BBC News 14 May 2019

A man with a rare inability to digest protein has said eating a normal diet would leave him brain damaged....

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3 High-Protein "Sauces" That Turn Vegetables Into Dinner | Epicurious

Epicurious 14 May 2019

Read our secret for ......

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GROWTH POLE RING protein forms a 200-nm-diameter ring structure essential for polar growth and rod ...

PNAS 14 May 2019

Polar growth in Agrobacterium pirates and repurposes well-known bacterial cell cycle proteins, such as FtsZ, FtsA, PopZ, and PodJ. Here we identify a heretofore unknown protein that we name GROWTH POLE RING (GPR) due to its striking localization as a hexameric ring at the growth pole during polar growth. GPR... ....

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On the cause of sleep: Protein fragments, the concept of sentinels, and links to epilepsy [Biochemistry]

PNAS 14 May 2019

In 2012, we suggested that the cause of sleep stems from cumulative effects of numerous intracellular and extracellular protein fragments. According to the fragment generation (FG) hypothesis, protein fragments (which are continually produced through nonprocessive cleavages by intracellular, intramembrane, and extracellular proteases) can... ....

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Proteins For Weight Loss: 4 Reasons Why You Must Eat These For Breakfast Everyday

NDTV 13 May 2019

Protein for weight loss. Proteins help in making you feel full for longer. It activates the body's signals that reduce appetite, overeating and cravings. Here are other reasons to include protein rich... ....

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Global Protein Expression Market was Valued at USD 1.9 Billion in 2018 and Anticipated to ...

Nasdaq Globe Newswire 13 May 2019

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Smithfield Foods Donates More Than 41,000 Pounds of Protein to Harvesters—The Community Food Network

Nasdaq Globe Newswire 13 May 2019

Donation part of Smithfield’s 2019 Helping Hungry Homes® Tour and helps jump-start Harvesters’ Stamp Out Hunger Food Drive. Donation part of Smithfield’s 2019 Helping Hungry Homes® Tour and helps jump-start Harvesters’ Stamp Out Hunger Food Drive ... ....

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Oral-B electric toothbrushes, Garmin smart scales, Sony speakers, protein powders, and more on sale for ...

Mashable 13 May 2019

Mondays can be tough on the body and soul, but you can take certain measures to make them more tolerable ... ....

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Mosquito protein controls blood feeding

PhysOrg 13 May 2019

Biting insects use a range of tools when sucking blood from hosts to maximize their chances of a good meal ... The saliva of biting insects contains proteins that stop host blood from clotting, keep blood vessels dilated and easily accessible, and prevent inflammatory reactions ... ....

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OPTIMUM NUTRITION Introduces Sweet, Crispy Protein Wafers in Four Indulgent Flavors

PR Newswire 13 May 2019

ON Protein Wafers are crispy wafers layered with a rich and creamy protein-enhanced crème filling ... "Our new ON Protein Wafers have that same amazing crunch and sweet center – but deliver a grown-up serving of complete protein in the protein-enhanced filling." ... ON Protein Wafers are available at sports nutrition retailers and online....

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Feed Protein Market: Outlook, Opportunity & Future Trends Till Forecast Period 2025

Community news 13 May 2019

Feed proteins are becoming increasingly a critical component for the overall integrated food chain. Rising consumer needs for meat products, milk, egg and other livestock products are expected to boost the global feed protein market during the forecast period. Feed protein ......

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Milk Protein Concentrate Market – Size, Share, Outlook, and Opportunity Analysis, 2018 – 2025

Community news 13 May 2019

Milk protein concentrate is a concentrated milk product that contains 40% to 85% milk protein. It is considered as a complete protein as it contains both casein and whey protein in a similar ratio. Moreover, low amount of lactose present in milk protein concentrate powder (80%-85%) makes it safe for consumption for lactose-intolerant people....

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What's Your Moonshot? Meet the Man Creating A Sustainable Fish Protein To Curb Childhood Hunger

Newsweek 13 May 2019

Mazi Ghorbani is an entrepreneur and inventor whose latest venture involves creating a sustainable protein derived from fish in an effort to combat childhood hunger ... The children die because they lack highly digestible protein ... Children receive lifesaving packages of protein through Kilos for Kids Courtesy of Advance International....