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Twitter Ads are priced using an auction model. Auction-based pricing helps ensure advertisers achieve optimal results while creating the best possible experience for users. Advertisers have three options to choose from when determining how to set bids for their campaigns, "automatic," "maximum" or "target" bidding. It's important to note that these pricing options are available depending on which campaign-objective is selected.

"Automatic bidding" enables Twitter to auto-optimize bids for a given campaign objective and budget on the advertiser’s behalf. When selecting the automatic bid option, Twitter will attempt to enter the advertiser in auctions with the lowest bid possible, while also delivering on the advertiser’s overall campaign objectives.

"Maximum bidding" allows advertisers to manually select how much a click or engagement is worth to their business. 

"Target bidding" provides advertisers the ability to average out a specific price per engagement. When you select the Target bid pricing option, our system will optimize your bids to achieve this average cost target This bidding choice gives you the flexibility to win competitive auctions.

When setting up a Promoted Tweets campaign, you’ll be given several bidding options depending on your objective. For most objectives, you can choose automatic bidding or maximum bidding. For some objectives as noted below, you can additionally choose target bidding. For avoidance of doubt, your objectives are set by you in your sole discretion and may differ between you and other advertisers; therefore our obligation is to deliver the type of engagements you specify as counted by us at the price resulting from the automated mechanism explained below. Here’s how each setting works:
 

Automatic 

Your bid will be optimized to get the best results at the lowest price (within your budget.) You will pay the optimized price for each engagement delivered.
 

Maximum 

You set the maximum you are willing to pay for each engagement. You won’t pay more than your maximum bid for each engagement, and you may pay less.

Target

Note: This feature is available for “website visits” and "followers" campaigns.

When you add a target cost-per-link-click, we’ll optimize your bids to achieve a daily average cost that meets or beats this target. You will pay the actual average cost for all link clicks in a day.

Changing your target bid

If you change your target bid throughout the day, we will optimize towards the highest target bid you entered for that day. On the following day, we’ll optimize for the target bid that was set at the end of the previous day.

Changing your bid type

When changing from maximum to target bidding, there may be a delay until the platform is able to bring your average cost-per-link-click closer to your target cost. In some cases, this delay can be over 24 hours.

All pricing options are ideal to help advertisers get the most out of their campaigns and the pricing option preference can vary depending on the needs of a specific campaign.

For experienced Twitter Ads advertisers, the automatic bidding option will allow them to drive a more cost efficient campaign. Additionally, for new advertisers, automatic bidding provides the easiest way to quickly get a campaign properly serving and receiving impressions.

For advertisers that prefer more control over a campaign and have strict budget requirements, the maximum bid option allows advertisers to easily set a max cost per objective-based campaign to ensure they do not pay more than they are willing to. Additionally, the maximum bid option allows advertisers to manually set a higher bid, which increases the likelihood of their ad displaying in front of the targeted audience.

For advertisers that select either the website visits or followers campaigns, target bidding is the default selected pricing option. Target bid pricing is likely to result in more link clicks, while maintaining an average cost-per-link-click that works for them.

To manually set your bid, it’s important to think about how much a certain objective will be worth to you over the lifetime of your relationship with that user.

If you are interested in using the maximum bid option, you will need to select this option from the pricing option drop down. Below are the recommend bids per objective:

Followers campaign: $2.50 - $3.50

Website visits campaign: $1.68 – $10.00

Tweet engagements campaign: $1.50 - $2.50

App installs or re-engagements campaign: $1.95 – $3.25

Awareness campaign: $6.00 - $8.00

In order to determine which ads to display on Twitter, we take into account both the bid amount and the quality score of your ad. A quality score is based on a large number of inputs, but some of the primary elements we consider are the three R’s:

Resonance: Are consumers engaging with your Tweet? Do they Retweet, like, or reply often?

Relevance: Is your Tweet related to things a user is interested in?

Recency: Is your Tweet fresh? Twitter is about what is happening now, so fresher Tweets get higher priority. 

If you select the maximum bid option, you should begin setting your bids as your true, private value of an engagement or follow. Doing so will maximize the value of your campaign by ensuring you gain the optimal amount of impressions at a price that works for your budget.

However, by selecting the automatic bid option, you benefit by not having to spend time deciding how much to bid or having to anticipate other advertisers’ bids. Instead, you can focus on your marketing objectives, fine-tuning your account, and Tweeting to engage consumers.

When you create or edit a campaign, a suggested bid will appear next to the maximum bid when you enter a campaign budget, daily budget, and campaign start/end dates. If you change your campaign budget or daily budget, the suggested bid will update accordingly. Until you enter a maximum bid yourself, the maximum bid will automatically be filled in with the mid-point of the bid guidance.

We look at how you performed in recent auctions and the budgeting on your campaign. We then suggest the bid range that is likely to help you spend your target budget each day and in the time you allocated for the campaign.

Our bid guidance is an educated recommendation based on our internal algorithms. While they will help you bid more effectively, we cannot guarantee that your campaign will deliver in full or that you will spend through your daily budget. 

If you would like to consistently spend through your desired daily budgets, we recommend selecting the automatic bid pricing option. Since the bid is optimized for a given campaign objective and budget on the advertiser’s behalf, you are more likely to spend through your configured daily budget.

Absolutely! Bid guidance is intended to be a helpful suggestion. You are always free to bid any value you like that is at or above the minimum bid of $0.01 per engagement. 

We offer different types of bidding for Mobile App Promotion Campaigns to help you achieve the highest possible ROI. Please note, you cannot switch the bidding type (CPAC, OAB, CPI) after the campaign is created or saved as draft.

• Cost per app click bidding (CPAC)

– Bid on app clicks, pay for app clicks.
– Mobile App Conversion Tracking (MACT) is not required to enable this bidding option.

App clicks are clicks that lead to the app store or directly into the app and you are only charged when a user takes that action. With this bidding option, our platform will optimize to drive as many app clicks as possible (and as many high-value app clicks as possible). The daily average CPC will be at or below your stated target. We guarantee we won't ever charge you more than 20% of your target bid over the course of the campaign.

• Optimized action bidding (OAB)

– Bid on installs, pay for app clicks. 
– Mobile App Conversion Tracking (MACT) is required to enable this bidding option. For more information about MACT, please see the "Measurement & Optimization" section here.

OAB is similar to CPAC, but enables you to bid on the install rather than the app click. While you’re only charged on an app click, your Max Bid value represents the absolute max amount you would pay for an install. With this option, you will never be charged more than your bid and advertisers are often charged less.

• Cost per install bidding (CPI)

– Bid on installs, pay for installs.
– Mobile App Conversion Tracking (MACT) is required to enable this bidding option. For more information about MACT, please see the "Measurement & Optimization" section here.

CPI takes the idea of OAB one step further, and allows you to bid and pay for the app install, ensuring that you only pay when Twitter drives an install. With this option, you will never be charged more than your bid and advertisers are often charged less.

When launching CPI bidding campaigns, please be sure to note the following:

1. You cannot reduce the budget once a CPI bidding campaign has been created. However, you can increase the budget.
2. You cannot switch the bidding type (CPAC, OAB, CPI) after the campaign is created or saved as draft.
3. You will be billed based on Twitter’s default attribution window of 30 day click / 1 day view with CPI bidding.
4. Since Twitter charges on time of install (not time of impression), spend could potentially increase after pausing campaigns.

Find more info on optimizing MAP campaigns here.