Budget

A budget is a quantitative expression of a plan for a defined period of time. It may include planned sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities, costs and expenses, assets, liabilities and cash flows. It expresses strategic plans of business units, organizations, activities or events in measurable terms. International Budget Partnership regularly monitors global budget information for the civil society.

Etymology

A budget (derived from old French word bougette, purse) is a quantified financial plan for a forthcoming accounting period.

A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs between two or more goods. In other terms, a budget is an organizational plan stated in monetary terms.

Purpose

Budget helps to aid the planning of actual operations by forcing managers to consider how the conditions might change and what steps should be taken now and by encouraging managers to consider problems before they arise. It also helps co-ordinate the activities of the organization by compelling managers to examine relationships between their own operation and those of other departments. Other essentials of budget include:

2018

2018 (MMXVIII) will be a common year starting on Monday (dominical letter G) of the Gregorian calendar, the 2018th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 18th year of the 3rd millennium, the 18th year of the 21st century, and the 9th year of the 2010s decade.

Predicted and scheduled events

February

June

July

October

Date unknown

National Assembly

National Assembly politically is either a legislature, or the lower house of a bicameral legislature in some countries. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the representatives of the nation." The population base represented by this name is manifestly the nation as a whole, as opposed to a geographically select population, such as that represented by a provincial assembly. Its powers vary according to the type of government. It may possess all the powers, generally governing by committee, or it may function within the legislative branch of the government.

The name also must be distinguished from the concept. Conceptually such an institution may appear under variety of names, especially if "national assembly" is being used to translate foreign names of the same concept into English. Also, the degree to which the National Assembly speaks for the nation is a variable. To achieve a quorum, the ancient Athenian Assembly employed Scythian police to arrest citizens at random from the street. On the other hand, the early Parliaments of Europe were mainly of an aristocratic composition. The word had its origins and inspirations from the National Assembly that was responsible for drafting a constitution during the French Revolution.

Murad Saeed

Murad Saeed (Urdu/Pashto: مراد سعید خان‎; born 17 August 1986) is a Pakistani politician and member of the National Assembly of Pakistan. He was elected to the National Assembly from Constituency NA-29 in the Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the 2013 Pakistani general election. He is a native of the town of Kabal in Swat District and the youngest parliamentarian in Pakistan's history.

Political career

Saeed entered politics through the inception of Insaf Student Federation (ISF) on 22 November 2007. Till 2010, he served as the provincial President for the ISF Khyber Pukhtunkhwa. Later, he was appointed as a Secretary Youth Affairs of PTI Youth Wing KPK. In General Elections 2013, Pakistan Tehrik-e-Insaf granted him a ticket for contesting NA-29, which he won with 88,291 votes .

His career hit controversy, however, when the authenticity of his bachelor's degree was questioned. It was alleged that he attempted three of his examinations in the span of one hour.

References

Union budget of India

The Union Budget of India, also referred to as the Annual financial statement in the Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India. It is presented each year on the last working day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament. The budget, which is presented by means of the Financial bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by the Houses before it can come into effect on April 1, the start of India's financial year.

An Interim Budget is not the same as a 'Vote on Account'. While a 'Vote on Account' deals only with the expenditure side of the government's budget, an Interim Budget is a complete set of accounts, including both expenditure and receipts. An Interim Budget gives the complete financial statement, very similar to a full Budget.While the law does not debar the Union government from introducing tax changes, normally during an election year, successive governments have avoided making any major changes in income tax laws during an Interim Budget.