Colorist

In comics, a colorist is responsible for adding color to black-and-white line art. For most of the 20th century this was done using brushes and dyes which were then used as guides to produce the printing plates. Since the late 20th century it is most often done using digital media, with printing separations produced electronically.

Although most European colorists work directly for comics publishers (either as employees or freelancers), there are a few coloring studios which offer their services to publishers. American Color, Olyoptics, and Digital Chameleon were companies notable in this field.

History

Originally, comics were colored by cutting out films of various densities in the appropriate shapes to be used in producing color-separated printing plates. The typical colorist worked from photocopies of the inked pages, which they colored with special dyes. Dr. Martin's Dyes was a brand notable in this field within the comic strip industry.CMYK codes were written on the page to indicate the final printed colors, and these hand-colored pages were used as guides by the engraver.Tatjana Wood was the main colorist for DC Comics' covers from 1973 through the mid-1980s.

Final cut

Final cut may refer to:

Final Cut Pro

Final Cut Pro is the name given to a series of non-linear video editing software programs - first developed by Macromedia Inc. and later Apple Inc. The most recent version, Final Cut Pro X 10.2, runs on Intel-based Mac OS computers powered by OS X version 10.10 or later. The software allows users to log and transfer video onto a hard drive (internal or external), where it can be edited, processed, and output to a wide variety of formats. The fully rewritten and re-imagined Final Cut Pro X was introduced by Apple in 2011, with the last version of the legacy Final Cut Pro being version 7.0.3.

Since the early 2000s, Final Cut Pro has developed a large and expanding user base, mainly video hobbyists and independent filmmakers. It had also made inroads with film and television editors who have traditionally used Avid Technology's Media Composer. According to a 2007 SCRI study, Final Cut Pro made up 49% of the United States professional editing market, with Avid at 22%. A published survey in 2008 by the American Cinema Editors Guild placed their users at 21% Final Cut Pro (and growing from previous surveys of this group), while all others were still on an Avid system of some kind.

Final Cut Pro X

Final Cut Pro X (pronounced "Final Cut Pro Ten") (FCPX) is a commercial video editing application for OS X from Apple Inc. and the successor to Final Cut Pro. FCP X was announced in April 2011 simultaneously at the Los Angeles Final Cut Pro Users Group held at Bally's Las Vegas and at the NAB Show in the Las Vegas Convention Center and released in June 2011.

Features

Although inheriting the name from its FCP predecessor, FCP X is an all-new application, written from scratch. It is a trackless 64-bit application with Grand Central Dispatch and OpenCL support, allowing it to scale and use all available cores for processing such as rendering and transcoding. FCP X is resolution independent. During import it can analyze footage and audio for automatic sorting into groups such as close-ups, medium shots, shots with two people or group shots. It can prepare the footage for quick, automatic fixes of defects such as camera shake, rolling shutter and color balance. Audio can also be analyzed in an attempt to automatically remove hums, pops or other noticeable defects and to assign channel configurations.

Da Vinci Systems

Da Vinci Systems LLC. designed, manufactured and marketed high-end post production color grading and film restoration systems for feature films, video production and broadcast post production facilities. It was based in Coral Springs, Florida with offices in Los Angeles, New York, London and Singapore. While previously wholly owned by JDS Uniphase Corporation (NASDAQ: JDSU), the assets of da Vinci Systems were acquired by Blackmagic Design, a privately owned company, in September 2009.

As one of the earliest pioneers in post production products, da Vinci Systems introduced several innovative products and was considered a significant player in the post production industry during its 25 years of operation. da Vinci Systems equipment was initially developed by Video Tape Associates (VTA) in 1982 for use by the Hollywood, Florida, USA-based production/post production facility to alter and enhance colors from scanned film and video tape. The Wiz system, as it was later known, was marketed to other post production facilities, laying the foundation for the creation of the colorist and the post production color suite.