- published: 05 Sep 2016
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Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space, sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions", collapse to form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products. It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy. Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function.
In June 2015, astronomers reported evidence for Population III stars in the Cosmos Redshift 7 galaxy at z = 6.60. Such stars are likely to have existed in the very early universe (i.e., at high redshift), and may have started the production of chemical elements heavier than hydrogen that are needed for the later formation of planets and life as we know it.
Life cycle may refer to:
In computer science, A* (pronounced as "A star" ( listen)) is a computer algorithm that is widely used in pathfinding and graph traversal, the process of plotting an efficiently traversable path between multiple points, called nodes. Noted for its performance and accuracy, it enjoys widespread use. However, in practical travel-routing systems, it is generally outperformed by algorithms which can pre-process the graph to attain better performance,
although other work has found A* to be superior to other approaches.
Peter Hart, Nils Nilsson and Bertram Raphael of Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) first described the algorithm in 1968. It is an extension of Edsger Dijkstra's 1959 algorithm. A* achieves better performance by using heuristics to guide its search.
In 1968, AI researcher Nils Nilsson was trying to improve the path planning done by Shakey the Robot, a prototype robot that could navigate through a room containing obstacles. This path-finding algorithm, that Nilsson called A1, was a faster version of the then best known method, Dijkstra's algorithm, for finding shortest paths in graphs. Bertram Raphael suggested some significant improvements upon this algorithm, calling the revised version A2. Then Peter E. Hart introduced an argument that established A2, with only minor changes, to be the best possible algorithm for finding shortest paths. Hart, Nilsson and Raphael then jointly developed a proof that the revised A2 algorithm was optimal for finding shortest paths under certain well-defined conditions.
Stephen William Hawking CH, CBE, FRS, FRSA (i/ˈstiːvən ˈhɔːkɪŋ/; born 8 January 1942) is an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, author and Director of Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology within the University of Cambridge. His scientific works include a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called Hawking radiation. Hawking was the first to set forth a theory of cosmology explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He is a vigorous supporter of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.
He is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, a lifetime member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. Hawking was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge between 1979 and 2009 and has achieved commercial success with works of popular science in which he discusses his own theories and cosmology in general; his book A Brief History of Time appeared on the British Sunday Times best-seller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks.
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In this edition of My Universe documentaries, we are going to take you through a journey where you can learn about the life cycle of a star i.e., learn everything . Science Documentary: The Sun, a science documentary on star life cycles, star formation When we look up at the night sky on a clear night, we see thousands of . Star Formation & Explosion - Life Cycle Of A Star (Documentary) National Geographic Unkown Species of Birds Of Paradise Nat Geo Documentary. Star Formation & Explosion - Life Cycle Of A Star (Documentary) CRINGIEST CHILD IN THE KNOWN UNIVERSE IN THE COSMOS OF HEAVEN AND HELL.
Today Phil’s explaining the stars and how they can be categorized using their spectra. Together with their distance, this provides a wealth of information about them including their luminosity, size, and temperature. The HR diagram plots stars’ luminosity versus temperature, and most stars fall along the main sequence, where they live most of their lives. -- Table of Contents Stars Can Be Categorized Using Their Spectra 1:32 Spectra With Distance Can Identify Luminosity, Size, and Temperature 5:20 The HR Diagram Plots Luminosity vs Temperature 6:33 Most Stars Fall Along the Main Sequence 7:16 -- PBS Digital Studios: http://youtube.com/pbsdigitalstudios Follow Phil on Twitter: https://twitter.com/badastronomer Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Facebook - http://www....
Hydrogen, gravity and time is all it takes to create a star. See this amazing process in action. | For more How the Universe Works, visit http://science.discovery.com/tv-shows/how-the-universe-works/#mkcpgn=ytsci1 Subscribe to Science Channel! | http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=sciencechannel Check out SCI2 for infinitely awesome science videos. Every day. | http://bit.ly/SCI2YT Download the TestTube app! | http://testu.be/1ndmmMq
Professor Stephen Hawking explains how stars are made. Into The Universe With Stephen Hawking - The Story of Everything This video belongs to Discovery Communications and is being used for educational purposes only.
Episode 1 of 3 Check us out on Soundcloud! https://soundcloud.com/dnewsplus Please Subscribe! http://bit.ly/28iQhYC Discovery GO - http://smart.link/57ae195b47796 Science GO - http://smart.link/57ae1a34dd168 Check out The Great Courses: Sign up today and get a Free Month of unlimited access to all of The Great Courses Plus lectures - Go to: thegreatcoursesplus.com/dnewsplus Stars come from a very precise situation in the universe. What exactly happens though? + + + + + + + + Previous Series: PLASTIC YT PLAYLIST: https://www.youtube.com/ + + + + + + + + What is a star?: http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/ask/204-What-is-a-star- "A star is a huge sphere of very hot, glowing gas. Stars produce their own light and energy by a process called nuclear fus...
Simulation by SPH of the collapse and fragmentation of a molecular cloud presented in "The Formation of Stars and Brown Dwarfs and the Truncation of Protoplanetary Discs in a Star Cluster" by Matthew R. Bate, Ian A. Bonnell, and Volker Bromm (http://www.ukaff.ac.uk/starcluster/). The calculation models the collapse and fragmentation of a molecular cloud with a mass 50 times that of our Sun. The cloud is initially 1.2 light-years (9.5 million million kilometres) in diameter, with a temperature of 10 Kelvin (-263 degrees Celsius).
This new series covers the top 100 Hubble photos ever taken, and looks at how stars are made. Do you enjoy looking at Hubble photos, but don't really know what it is you're looking at? Do you need some context to the images? On Hubble's website http://www.spacetelescope.org/ there is a section dedicated to the top 100 pictures ever taken by Hubble. I will go through these pictures one by one, 10 per episode, and explain what is going on. **Note for those wishing to view this video in 4K, 4K 60 fps is only currently available to Chrome users. If you want to watch this video in 4K, view it through Chrome. Thanks!** In order, we look at NGC1850, the Red Spider Nebula (NGC 6537), the Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080), the Tadpole Galaxy, the Mice Galaxies (NGC 4676), the Cone Nebula (NGC 2264),...
In this edition of My Universe documentaries, we are going to take you through a journey where you can learn about the life cycle of a star i.e., learn everything . Science Documentary: The Sun, a science documentary on star life cycles, star formation When we look up at the night sky on a clear night, we see thousands of . Star Formation & Explosion - Life Cycle Of A Star (Documentary) National Geographic Unkown Species of Birds Of Paradise Nat Geo Documentary. Star Formation & Explosion - Life Cycle Of A Star (Documentary) CRINGIEST CHILD IN THE KNOWN UNIVERSE IN THE COSMOS OF HEAVEN AND HELL.
Protostars & Planets VI
Science Documentary: The Sun, a science documentary on star life cycles, star formation When we look up at the night sky on a clear night, we see thousands of stars. But that is only a tiny fraction of the stars that make up our milky way galaxy. The stars we can see with our naked eye are just the biggest and brightest. Our sun is an average size star in the middle of its life span of about 10 billion years. In its core it is fusing hydrogen atoms into helium atoms. This is called nuclear fusion. Through nuclear fusion, photons of light energy are produced. These photons start out as gamma rays, then, they loose energy as they try to make their way through the stars thick plasma and become downgraded to x-ray photons, before escaping the surface as ultraviolet photons of light. ...
Tonight we saddle up to explore the extreme center of our Milky Way galaxy - one of the wildest sections of the outer-space frontier. Our Galactic center is a chaotic region containing dense gas, stars, and the biggest bully around these parts: a supermassive black hole. The normal rules for star formation don't apply here, and understanding why will help us to understand star formation throughout the rest of our wild universe. Speaker: Cara Battersby. Animations credit: ESO. Used under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Stars are the atoms of the universe. The process by which stars form is at the nexus of astrophysics since they are believed to be responsible for the re-ionization of the universe, they created the heavy elements, they play a central role in the formation and evolution of galaxies, and their formation naturally leads to the formation of planets. Whereas early work on star formation was based on the assumption that it is a quiescent process, it is now believed that turbulence plays a dominant role. In this overview, I shall discuss the evolution of our understanding of how stars form and current ideas about the stellar initial mass function, the rate of star formation, the formation of massive stars, the role of magnetic fields, and the formation of the first stars.
Dr. Scott Kenyon explains how stars and their planetary systems form. He also discusses the significance of the New Horizons flyby mission to Pluto for scientific understanding of planet formation.
Dwarf galaxies tend to form stars inefficiently. Yet, blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies are a subset of dwarf galaxies that have intense and concentrated star formation (compared to typical dwarf galaxies). BCDs are thought to require a large disturbance to trigger their burst of star formation. A common theory is that the enhanced star formation in a BCD is the result of an interaction with another galaxy or a dwarf-dwarf galaxy merger. However, many BCDs are relatively isolated from other galaxies, making an interaction or a merger a less likely starburst trigger. As part of the atomic hydrogen dwarf galaxy survey, LITTLE THINGS*, Dr. Ashley has studied the gaseous properties of six BCDs. Atomic hydrogen data allow us to explore the velocity fields and morphologies of the gas in BCDs, w...
Karl Menten (Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie)