- published: 07 May 2013
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The Chola dynasty (Tamil: சோழர்) was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India. The earliest datable references to this Tamil dynasty are in inscriptions from the 3rd century BCE left by Asoka, of the Maurya Empire. As one of the Three Crowned Kings, the dynasty continued to govern over varying territory until the 13th century CE.
The heartland of the Cholas was the fertile valley of the Kaveri River, but they ruled a significantly larger area at the height of their power from the later half of the 9th century till the beginning of the 13th century. The whole country south of the Tungabhadra was united and held as one state for a period of two centuries and more. Under Rajaraja Chola I and his successors Rajendra Chola I, Rajadhiraja Chola, Virarajendra Chola and Kulothunga Chola I the dynasty became a military, economic and cultural power in South Asia and South-East Asia. The power of the new empire was proclaimed to the eastern world by the expedition to the Ganges which Rajendra Chola I undertook and by the naval raids on cities of the maritime empire of Srivijaya, as well as by the repeated embassies to China. The Chola fleet represented the zenith of ancient Indian sea power.
Raja (/ˈrɑːdʒɑː/; also spelled rajah, from Sanskrit राजा rājā-) is a term for a monarch or princely ruler in South and Southeast Asia. Rana is practically equivalent, and the female form Rani (sometimes spelled ranee) applies equally to the wife of a raja or rana. Maharaja, or "great king" is in theory a title for more significant rulers in India, but after some inflation of titles over time, there is no clear difference between the terms.
The title has a long history in the Indian subcontinent and South East Asia, being attested from the Rigveda, where a rājan- is a ruler, see for example the dāśarājñá, the "battle of ten kings".
Sanskrit rājan- is cognate to Latin rēx (genitive rēgis), Gaulish rīx, Gaelic rí (genitive ríg), etc., originally denoting heads of petty kingdoms and city states. It is believed to be ultimately derived from the Proto-Indo-European *h3rēǵs, a vrddhi formation to the root *h3reǵ- "to straighten, to order, to rule". The Sanskrit n-stem is secondary in the male title, apparently adapted from the female counterpart rājñī which also has an -n- suffix in related languages, compare Old Irish rígain and Latin regina. Cognates of the word Raja in other Indo-European languages include English reign and German reich. Rather common variants in Rajasthani, Marathi and Hindi, used for the same royal rank in parts of India include Rana, Rao, Raol, Rawal and Rawat.
Sri Lanka (/sriːˈlɑːŋkə, -ˈlæŋkə/ or i/ʃriː-/;Sinhalese - ශ්රී ලංකාව, Tamil Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and known from the beginning of British colonial rule until 1972 as Ceylon (/sᵻˈlɒnˌ seɪ-ˌ siː-/), is an island country in South Asia near south-east India.
Sri Lanka has maritime borders with India to the northwest and the Maldives to the southwest. Its documented history spans 3,000 years, with evidence of pre-historic human settlements dating back to at least 125,000 years. Its geographic location and deep harbours made it of great strategic importance from the time of the ancient Silk Road through to World War II.
A diverse and multicultural country, Sri Lanka is home to many religions, ethnic groups, and languages. In addition to the majority Sinhalese, it is home to large groups of Sri Lankan and Indian Tamils, Moors, Burghers, Malays, Kaffirs and the aboriginal Vedda. Sri Lanka has a rich Buddhist heritage, and the first known Buddhist writings of Sri Lanka, the Pāli Canon, dates back to the Fourth Buddhist council in 29 BC. The country's recent history has been marred by a thirty-year civil war which decisively ended when Sri Lankan military defeated Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 2009.
Raja Raja Chola I (or Rajaraja Chola I) was a renowned king who ruled over the Chola kingdom of southern India between 985 and 1014 CE. During his reign, the Cholas expanded beyond South India with their domains stretching from Sri Lanka in the south to Kalinga in the north. Raja Raja Chola also launched several naval campaigns that resulted in the capture of the Malabar Coast as well as the Maldives and Sri Lanka.
Raja Raja built the Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur, one of the largest Hindu temples. During his reign, the texts of the Tamil poets Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar were collected and edited into one compilation called Thirumurai. He initiated a massive project of land survey and assessment in 1000 which led to the reorganization of the country into individual units known as valanadus.
Raja Raja Chola died in 1014 and was succeeded by his son Rajendra Chola.
Raja Raja was born in 947 in Aipassi month on the day of Sadhayam star. He was the third child of Parantaka Sundara Chola and Vanavan Maha Devi of the Velir Malayaman dynasty and was named Arulmozhi Varman. He had an elder brother Aditya Karikalan and an elder sister Kundavai.Aditya Karikalan, the crown prince was assassinated in suspicious circumstances in 969. After the death of Aditya, Sundara Chola announced that Uttama Chola will succeed him to the throne. Arulmozhivarman ascended the throne after the death of Uttama Chola in 985. The Thiruvalangadu copper-plate inscriptions state that Raja Raja was elected through a democratic process followed by Cholas.
http://mocomi.com/ presents - Chola Empire They are one of the longest ruling dynasties of the southern India. Learn about the Cholas and their empire with this animated video. This is the story about the Chola Dynasty which is believed to have originated from the fertile valley of the river Kaveri. By the turn of the 8th century, there were three prominent Kingdoms of the South, the Cheras, the Pandyas and the Cholas who were considered to be the most powerful of the three. The year 985 saw one of the greatest kings of Southern India ascend the throne, Rajaraja Chola I also known as Rajaraja, the Great, who defeated the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi, the Pandyas of Madurai and the Gangas of Mysore. His campaign of expansion included the capture of Sri Lanka, which remained under the Chola...
In this video you will learn about the vastness of the Chola kingdom and how administration was organised in the Chola kingdom. This is a product of Mexus Education Pvt. Ltd., an education innovations company based in Mumbai, India. http://www.mexuseducation.com, http://www.ikenstore.in For more videos visit https://www.youtube.com/ikenedu Follow us on twitter https://twitter.com/ikenedu Like us on https://www.facebook.com/ikenconnect
Bharat Ek Khoj—The Discovery of India A Production of Doordarshan, the Government of India’s Public Service Broadcaster Episode 22: The Chola Empire, Part I With Om Puri as Raja Raja Chola, Devendra Malhotra as Ishanashiva, Sunila Pradhan as Mahadevi Lalit Tiwari as Architect, Shantanu Chaparia as Tirumala, Mahendra Raghuvanshi as Kirukadikilan, Preeta Mathur as Umadevi, Murari Sharma as Singer, and Vijay Chibbar and Mohan Kant as the Traders. Playback by S.R. Venkatesh, Rajan Easwaran, Sharad Jambhekar, jolly Mukherjee, Hemant Kulkarni, V. Saraswathi, and T. Raghu. Nehru observes that in South India, after a lapse of 1000 years after the Mauryan empire collapsed, there were great states like the Chalukya Empire in the west followed by the Rashtrakutas. Further south were the Pallavas wh...
இந்த சோழ வழித்தோன்றல்கள் வாழ்க்கை பற்றி ஆவணப்படம் ஆகும். This is the documentary about living chola descendants. Subsribe : https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=naturalstudios1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- A Natural studios Representation !
Our entire course is in bilingual mode - English + Hindi - making it EXTREMELY EASY to understand. POWER NOTES of several pages, made from deep research, are dictated in each session. हिंदी और अंग्रेज़ी में एक साथ पढ़ने से कॉन्सेप्ट्स अत्यंत सरलता से समझ में आ जाते हैं और लम्बे समय तक याद भी रहते हैं । All details at http://ias.PTeducation.com Our CLASSROOM COURSES available at - Indore - 4th floor, Yeshwant Plaza, Indore Phones: 0731-2580800, 97555-99510/11/15 Our SELF-PREP COURSE can be purchased online here - http://www.PTeducation.com/UPSC.aspx Prepare for UPSC IAS exam right at your home! Full video solution, printed courseware, mentoring solution from PT's IAS Academy. Ideal for all ambitious students especially girls, small town students, cost-conscious students, and those who val...
South India was ruled by the Cholas for a long time and these kings were known for their good governance and love for art, architecture and literature. They fostered the growth of all three and we find many marvelous temples and forts have been built during their reign. Tamil as a language also gained prominence during this period and a number of poets and learned men adorned the courts of these kings. A number of discussions on topics of interest were discussed and scholars from other kingdoms were invited to these discussions popularly named as Sangams .Along with the Cheras and Pandyas who also ruled South India these rulers were given the credit for having popularized the Tamil language. This video is an insight into their rule.
Rajaraja Chola I (Tamil: ராஜ ராஜ சோழன்} born Arulmozhi varman),(also called as Arunmozhi Thevar and respectfully as Periya Udayar), popularly known as Raja Raja the Great, is one of the greatest emperors of the Tamil Chola Empire who ruled between 985 and 1014 CE. He established the Chola empire by conquering the kingdoms of southern India expanding the Chola Empire as far as Sri Lanka in the south, and Kalinga (Orissa) in the northeast. He fought many battles with the Chalukyas in the north and the Pandyas in the south. By conquering Vengi, Rajaraja laid the foundations for the Later Chola dynasty. He invaded Sri Lanka and started a century-long Chola occupation of the island. He streamlined the administrative system with the division of the country into various districts and by standardi...
The Big Temple of Rajaraja and the Anaimangalam copper Plate of Rajendra Chola, offer intersting insights into the presence of Muslims in the Chola country and administration.For more details please visit www.yaadhum.com
Read the full story here: http://goo.gl/M29uE1 In this video, I am gonna show you my search for the grave of the Indian King Raja Raja. I was told that his tombstone lies in the small village of Udayalur. This is where he is rumored to have been buried or cremated. When I visited this place, I was surprised to see a lingam which is about 2 feet tall and this elderly gentleman told me that the rest of the structure is buried underneath about 14 feet deep. It is a rather simple lingam with a diameter of only one and a half feet. He says this Lingam is the tombstone of Raja Raja. I asked him if he knew how Raja Raja died, and he told me he died naturally of old age and was cremated right here. Why would a great king have such a small, anonymous grave? You can see there are no inscriptions,...