Phenylalanine

Phenylalanine /ˌfɛnᵊlˈæləˌniːn/ (abbreviated as Phe or F) is an α-amino acid with the formula C₆H₅CH₂CH(NH₂)COOH. It can be viewed as a benzyl group substituted for the methyl group of alanine, or a phenyl group in place of a terminal hydrogen of alanine. This essential amino acid is classified as neutral, and nonpolar because of the inert and hydrophobic nature of the benzyl side chain. The L-isomer is used to biochemically form proteins, coded for by DNA. The codons for L-phenylalanine are UUU and UUC. Phenylalanine is a precursor for tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline), and the skin pigment melanin.

Phenylalanine is found naturally in the breast milk of mammals. It is used in the manufacture of food and drink products and sold as a nutritional supplement for its reputed analgesic and antidepressant effects. It is a direct precursor to the neuromodulator phenethylamine, a commonly used dietary supplement.

Nguyễn Tấn Dũng

Nguyễn Tấn Dũng /ŋwiʔən˧˥ tən˧˥ zuʔŋ˧˥/ (born 17 November 1949) is the Prime Minister of Vietnam. He was confirmed by the National Assembly on 27 June 2006, having been nominated by his predecessor, Phan Văn Khải, who retired from office. Since a party congress in January 2011, Dung has been ranked third in the hierarchy of the Communist Party of Vietnam, after State President Trương Tấn Sang and Defense Minister Phùng Quang Thanh.Following the 12th party congress, he wasn't able to keep maintaining his post in the party and also set to step down from his government position in May 2016.

Early life

Dung was born in Cà Mau in southern Vietnam. He purportedly volunteered on his 12th birthday to join the Vietcong, doing first-aid, and communication tasks; he also worked as a nurse, and a physician. He was wounded four times during the Vietnam War, and was later ranked as a level 2/4 wounded veteran. As a Senior Lieutenant he was Chief Political Commissar of Infantry Battalion 207; as a Captain, he was Political Chief of Infantry Regiment 152, defending the southwestern border. As Major, Dung headed the Personnel Board of Kien Giang Province's Military Command.

Nguyễn Phú Trọng

Nguyễn Phú Trọng (born 14 April 1944) is the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, elected at the party's 11th National Congress on 19 January 2011 and re-elected at the 12th National Congress in 2016. Trong heads the party's Secretariat, and is the Secretary of the Central Military Commission, in addition to being the de facto head of the Politburo, the highest decision-making body in Vietnam. He's currently the most powerful person in Vietnam.

Biography

Trọng was born in Đông Hội Commune, Đông Anh District, Hanoi. His official biography gives his family background only as "poor peasant". He studied philology at Vietnam National University, Hanoi from 1963 to 1967. Trọng officially joined the Communist Party in December 1968. He worked for the Tạp chí Cộng Sản (Communist Review), the theoretical and political agency of the Communist Party of Vietnam (formerly the "Labor Party"), in the periods of 1967–73, 1976–80, and 1983–96. From 1991 to 1996, he served as the editor-in-chief of the Tạp chí Cộng Sản.

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