- published: 29 Sep 2023
- views: 564110
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Genetic algorithm
In the field of artificial intelligence, a genetic algorithm (GA) is a search heuristic that mimics the process of natural selection. This heuristic (also sometimes called a metaheuristic) is routinely used to generate useful solutions to optimization and search problems. Genetic algorithms belong to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA), which generate solutions to optimization problems using techniques inspired by natural evolution, such as inheritance, mutation, selection, and crossover.
Methodology
Optimization problems
In a genetic algorithm, a population of candidate solutions (called individuals, creatures, or phenotypes) to an optimization problem is evolved toward better solutions. Each candidate solution has a set of properties (its chromosomes or genotype) which can be mutated and altered; traditionally, solutions are represented in binary as strings of 0s and 1s, but other encodings are also possible.
The evolution usually starts from a population of randomly generated individuals, and is an iterative process, with the population in each iteration called a generation. In each generation, the fitness of every individual in the population is evaluated; the fitness is usually the value of the objective function in the optimization problem being solved. The more fit individuals are stochastically selected from the current population, and each individual's genome is modified (recombined and possibly randomly mutated) to form a new generation. The new generation of candidate solutions is then used in the next iteration of the algorithm. Commonly, the algorithm terminates when either a maximum number of generations has been produced, or a satisfactory fitness level has been reached for the population.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Genetic_algorithm
Genetic
Genetic may refer to:
- Genetic, used as an adjective, refers to heredity of traits
- Gene, a unit of heredity in the genome of an organism
- Genetic recombination, refers to the recombining of alleles resulting in a new molecule of DNA
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Genetic
Genetic relationship (linguistics)
In linguistics, genetic relationship is the usual term for the relationship which exists between languages that are members of the same language family. The term genealogical relationship is sometimes used to avoid confusion with the unrelated use of the term in biological genetics. Languages that possess genetic ties with one another belong to the same linguistic grouping, known as a language family. These ties are established through use of the comparative method of linguistic analysis.
Two languages are considered to be genetically related if one is descended from the other or if both are descended from a common ancestor. For example, Italian is descended from Latin. Italian and Latin are therefore said to be genetically related. Spanish is also descended from Latin. Therefore, Spanish and Italian are genetically related. In a similar way, Swedish and Norwegian are genetically related through the North Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Genetic_relationship_(linguistics)
Podcasts:
-
Genetic Engineering
Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used in genetic engineering, and discusses some related vocabulary (such as plasmid, vector, transformation, transgenic, and more). CRISPR is also mentioned; expand to see further reading to explore more. To see more Amoeba Sisters biotechnology related videos, visit https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1Gxs9mwISTCEi8i1xex94p2 ----------- Table of Contents: 00:00 Intro 1:51 Genetic Engineering Defined 2:01 Insulin Production in Bacteria 3:55 Some Vocab 4:20 Vectors & More 5:25 CRISPR 6:40 Genetic Engineering Uses 7:30 Ethics ------------- Factual References: Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018, March 18). 17.1 Biote...
published: 29 Sep 2023 -
Gene editing: should you be worried?
From combating climate change, to curing disease, to creating designer babies, gene-editing technologies have the potential to transform lives. What risks do they pose? 00:00 - Gene editing: risk v reward 01:06 - Cavendish bananas are under threat 03:47 - GM crops have a bad reputation 05:18 - GM mosquitoes could reduce transmissible viruses 07:50 - Ethical concerns around genetic interventions 09:30 - Editing genes with CRISPR 10:57 - CRISPR could cure sickle-cell disease 12:31 - Controversial applications of CRISPR 15:23 - Could gene editing lead to designer babies? 16:20 - Germline editing is causing international outcry 18:37 - CRIPSR could revolutionise agriculture and combat climate change 21:11 - Using genetic editing to rescue wild populations 23:30 - Gene editing may transform ...
published: 17 Mar 2022 -
The Controversial Future of Genetic Testing
How far are parents willing to go to give their children the best chance at life? A new genetic test promises to reduce the risk of diseases like Type 1 diabetes in embryos. But it could also be used to optimize traits, like intelligence. VICE News explores the promises and perils of this technology. Correction: A previous version of this video stated inaccurately that Down's Syndrome was caused by a mutation in a single gene. It is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. Help keep VICE News’ fearless reporting free for millions by making a one-time or ongoing contribution here. - https://vice.com/contribute Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-News Check out VICE News for more: http://vice...
published: 22 May 2023 -
GCSE Biology - DNA Part 1 - Genes and the Genome #63
In this video we recap chromosomes and then explain what DNA is, what genes and the genome are, and how we can use them to track the migrations of early humans.
published: 04 Jan 2019 -
Can we cure genetic diseases by rewriting DNA? | David R. Liu
In a story of scientific discovery, chemical biologist David R. Liu shares a breakthrough: his lab's development of base editors that can rewrite DNA. This crucial step in genome editing takes the promise of CRISPR to the next level: if CRISPR proteins are molecular scissors, programmed to cut specific DNA sequences, then base editors are pencils, capable of directly rewriting one DNA letter into another. Learn more about how these molecular machines work -- and their potential to treat or even cure genetic diseases. Get TED Talks recommended just for you! Learn more at https://www.ted.com/signup. The TED Talks channel features the best talks and performances from the TED Conference, where the world's leading thinkers and doers give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes (or less). Look f...
published: 21 May 2019 -
Genetic inheritance of disease
published: 29 Mar 2018 -
Introduction to Genetics - DNA, RNA, Genes, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Transcription, Translation
Introduction to Genetics | Biology Lectures for MCAT, DAT, PLAB, NEET, NCLEX, USMLE, COMLEX. 🚨 Emergency Medicine HighYields Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/ 😷 Surgery HighYields Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/ 💊🦠 Antibiotics Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/ 💊 📛 Toxicology Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/ 💦 🐳 Kidney Physiology Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/products/ 📝 Download my handwritten notes: www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/ — PREMIUM COURSES not available on YouTube:— 💊🦠 Antibiotics Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/products/courses/antibiotics/ 💦 🐳 Kidney Physiology Course: https://www.medicosisperfectionalis.com/products/ ❤️ Cardiac Pharmacology Course: https://www.medicosisperfec...
published: 22 Sep 2022 -
What is a gene?
Support Stated Clearly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly You've probably heard about GMOs or Genetically Modified Organisms but what exactly is a gene and what does it mean to modify the genes of a plant or animal? We hear about DNA and genes all the time in the news and in our biology classes but very few of us can actually explain what a gene is? This short film is designed to help. Here we discuss a basic definition of a gene, show what a gene looks like, what it is that genes actually code for, and the basic idea behind Genetically Modified Organisms. The video also briefly mentions one of the ways DNA strongly suggests that all living things are related and share an evolutionary history. Even though the content given here is just a simplified overview of genetics...
published: 26 Nov 2012 -
Genes vs Alleles
Thanks for stopping by, today we’re going to talk about the difference between genes and alleles. Study guides I recommend: Genetics: https://amzn.to/2BzK1S2 Biology I: https://amzn.to/2SasaIl Biology II: https://amzn.to/2EKKGEv Biology terminology: https://amzn.to/2BBHuXo Find more at https://www.2minuteclassroom.com Get involved with the 2 Minute Classroom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy Subscribe to 2 Minute Classroom: https://bit.ly/2PdkPpk My Gear My mic - Blue Yeti Microphone: https://amzn.to/2Q6PoCc Full kit - Blue Yeti Microphone kit: https://amzn.to/2Q1lM9o GTX Graphics Card: https://amzn.to/2Pcygpp Animation Software: https://www.videoscribe.co/en/ DISCLAIMER: This video and description contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on some of the product...
published: 16 Jan 2017 -
The genetic basis of obesity
Obesity. It's a global epidemic that now kills more people than malnutrition. Physiologists work to unravel the causes of obesity and the genetic factors involved. Subscribe to our channel and follow us on Instagram (https://instagram.com/thephysoc), Twitter (https://twitter.com/ThePhySoc ) & Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/physoc), to keep up with the science of life. Produced by Orinoco Communications for The Physiological Society Animation: Hayley Evenett Illustration: Alex Scarfe Sound Design/Music: Alexander Bradley Narration: Elisa Canas Director: Peter Barker Scientific advisor: Jeffrey M Friedman Producer at The Physiological Society: Rachel Wheeley Transcript: Sometimes it seems like everywhere we look we’re exposed to adverts about dieting, urging us to lose weight. Glob...
published: 30 Nov 2020
developed with YouTube
8:25
Genetic Engineering
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:25
- Uploaded Date: 29 Sep 2023
- views: 564110
Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used ...
Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used in genetic engineering, and discusses some related vocabulary (such as plasmid, vector, transformation, transgenic, and more). CRISPR is also mentioned; expand to see further reading to explore more. To see more Amoeba Sisters biotechnology related videos, visit https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1Gxs9mwISTCEi8i1xex94p2
-----------
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:51 Genetic Engineering Defined
2:01 Insulin Production in Bacteria
3:55 Some Vocab
4:20 Vectors & More
5:25 CRISPR
6:40 Genetic Engineering Uses
7:30 Ethics
-------------
Factual References:
Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018, March 18). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology 2e | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/17-1-biotechnology
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Zedalis, J., & Eggebrecht, J. (2018, March 8). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology for AP® Courses | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/17-1-biotechnology
---------------
FURTHER READING:
Note: our description is limited in characters; we encourage you to keep exploring beyond these recommendations!
*GFP and fluorescence?
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/green-fluorescent-protein
*This link has a great bacterial transformation exploration!
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/mhccbiology112/chapter/bacterial-transformation-lab/
*How is genetic engineering (which video focuses on) & gene therapy (which video doesn't mention) DIFFERENT? --- this also talks about using viruses:
https://medicine.missouri.edu/centers-institutes-labs/health-ethics/faq/gene-therapy
*Includes charts of different cells used to produce biopharmaceuticals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4748523/
*History of synthesizing growth factor (interesting!)
https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2012/10/human-growth-hormone.html
*Genetically engineered plants and...
**Pollutants in air or soils:
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/trees-created-clean-pollutants
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/genetically-modified-houseplant-cleans-indoor-air#
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.12963
**Climate change mitigation?
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2022.01.004
*Genetically Engineered Chickens and Avian Influenza Resistance?https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100561https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149294/
*Genetically Engineered Mice:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231336/
*More on CRISPR:
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/genomicresearch/genomeediting/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971521/
**Book recommendation:
"The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race" by Walter Isaacson
ETHICAL ISSUES:
*What is bioethics? (from Michigan State University)
https://bioethics.msu.edu/what-is-bioethics
*CRISPR and Gene Editing Ethical Issues:
https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.026.103
https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/policy-issues/Genome-Editing/ethical concerns
*Agriculture:
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetically-modified-organisms-gmos-transgenic-crops-and-732/
*Animals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078015/#genetics
GENETIC ENGINEERING AS A CAREER:
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics puts genetic engineering in the category of bioengineers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/biomedical-engineers.htm
-----------------------------------------------
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos
Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us
Our Resources and Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts
Biology Video Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz
MUSIC:
Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library.
TRANSLATIONS:
We gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Learn more here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
We also have videos using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. See our dubbed channels on https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
https://wn.com/Genetic_Engineering
Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used in genetic engineering, and discusses some related vocabulary (such as plasmid, vector, transformation, transgenic, and more). CRISPR is also mentioned; expand to see further reading to explore more. To see more Amoeba Sisters biotechnology related videos, visit https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1Gxs9mwISTCEi8i1xex94p2
-----------
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:51 Genetic Engineering Defined
2:01 Insulin Production in Bacteria
3:55 Some Vocab
4:20 Vectors & More
5:25 CRISPR
6:40 Genetic Engineering Uses
7:30 Ethics
-------------
Factual References:
Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018, March 18). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology 2e | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/17-1-biotechnology
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Zedalis, J., & Eggebrecht, J. (2018, March 8). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology for AP® Courses | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/17-1-biotechnology
---------------
FURTHER READING:
Note: our description is limited in characters; we encourage you to keep exploring beyond these recommendations!
*GFP and fluorescence?
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/green-fluorescent-protein
*This link has a great bacterial transformation exploration!
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/mhccbiology112/chapter/bacterial-transformation-lab/
*How is genetic engineering (which video focuses on) & gene therapy (which video doesn't mention) DIFFERENT? --- this also talks about using viruses:
https://medicine.missouri.edu/centers-institutes-labs/health-ethics/faq/gene-therapy
*Includes charts of different cells used to produce biopharmaceuticals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4748523/
*History of synthesizing growth factor (interesting!)
https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2012/10/human-growth-hormone.html
*Genetically engineered plants and...
**Pollutants in air or soils:
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/trees-created-clean-pollutants
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/genetically-modified-houseplant-cleans-indoor-air#
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.12963
**Climate change mitigation?
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2022.01.004
*Genetically Engineered Chickens and Avian Influenza Resistance?https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100561https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149294/
*Genetically Engineered Mice:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231336/
*More on CRISPR:
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/genomicresearch/genomeediting/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971521/
**Book recommendation:
"The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race" by Walter Isaacson
ETHICAL ISSUES:
*What is bioethics? (from Michigan State University)
https://bioethics.msu.edu/what-is-bioethics
*CRISPR and Gene Editing Ethical Issues:
https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.026.103
https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/policy-issues/Genome-Editing/ethical concerns
*Agriculture:
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetically-modified-organisms-gmos-transgenic-crops-and-732/
*Animals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078015/#genetics
GENETIC ENGINEERING AS A CAREER:
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics puts genetic engineering in the category of bioengineers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/biomedical-engineers.htm
-----------------------------------------------
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos
Support Us? https://www.amoebasisters.com/support-us
Our Resources and Handouts: https://www.amoebasisters.com/handouts
Biology Video Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1F0iQPGrjehze3eDpco1eVz
MUSIC:
Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library.
TRANSLATIONS:
We gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Learn more here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
We also have videos using an artificial voice via https://aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. See our dubbed channels on https://www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles
24:35
Gene editing: should you be worried?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 24:35
- Uploaded Date: 17 Mar 2022
- views: 895464
From combating climate change, to curing disease, to creating designer babies, gene-editing technologies have the potential to transform lives. What risks do th...
From combating climate change, to curing disease, to creating designer babies, gene-editing technologies have the potential to transform lives. What risks do they pose?
00:00 - Gene editing: risk v reward
01:06 - Cavendish bananas are under threat
03:47 - GM crops have a bad reputation
05:18 - GM mosquitoes could reduce transmissible viruses
07:50 - Ethical concerns around genetic interventions
09:30 - Editing genes with CRISPR
10:57 - CRISPR could cure sickle-cell disease
12:31 - Controversial applications of CRISPR
15:23 - Could gene editing lead to designer babies?
16:20 - Germline editing is causing international outcry
18:37 - CRIPSR could revolutionise agriculture and combat climate change
21:11 - Using genetic editing to rescue wild populations
23:30 - Gene editing may transform life on earth.
Sign up to our daily newsletter: https://econ.st/3gJBH8D
Read the tech quarterly on protecting biodiversity https://econ.st/3CqsDOJ
How to edit a human:https://econ.st/365c1A4
The safety of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is being debated https://econ.st/3CrSUfy
How AI can make health care better: watch here: https://econ.st/3hVffc1
Studying cancer genomes gene by gene could improve treatment: https://econ.st/3Kvixiw
Technology can help conserve biodiversity: https://econ.st/3MxY52f
The sequencing of genetic material is a powerful conservation tool: https://econ.st/3CA82aU
How DNA and proteins work: https://econ.st/3IQJqNj
https://wn.com/Gene_Editing_Should_You_Be_Worried
From combating climate change, to curing disease, to creating designer babies, gene-editing technologies have the potential to transform lives. What risks do they pose?
00:00 - Gene editing: risk v reward
01:06 - Cavendish bananas are under threat
03:47 - GM crops have a bad reputation
05:18 - GM mosquitoes could reduce transmissible viruses
07:50 - Ethical concerns around genetic interventions
09:30 - Editing genes with CRISPR
10:57 - CRISPR could cure sickle-cell disease
12:31 - Controversial applications of CRISPR
15:23 - Could gene editing lead to designer babies?
16:20 - Germline editing is causing international outcry
18:37 - CRIPSR could revolutionise agriculture and combat climate change
21:11 - Using genetic editing to rescue wild populations
23:30 - Gene editing may transform life on earth.
Sign up to our daily newsletter: https://econ.st/3gJBH8D
Read the tech quarterly on protecting biodiversity https://econ.st/3CqsDOJ
How to edit a human:https://econ.st/365c1A4
The safety of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is being debated https://econ.st/3CrSUfy
How AI can make health care better: watch here: https://econ.st/3hVffc1
Studying cancer genomes gene by gene could improve treatment: https://econ.st/3Kvixiw
Technology can help conserve biodiversity: https://econ.st/3MxY52f
The sequencing of genetic material is a powerful conservation tool: https://econ.st/3CA82aU
How DNA and proteins work: https://econ.st/3IQJqNj
- published: 17 Mar 2022
- views: 895464
11:35
The Controversial Future of Genetic Testing
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:35
- Uploaded Date: 22 May 2023
- views: 409312
How far are parents willing to go to give their children the best chance at life? A new genetic test promises to reduce the risk of diseases like Type 1 diabete...
How far are parents willing to go to give their children the best chance at life? A new genetic test promises to reduce the risk of diseases like Type 1 diabetes in embryos. But it could also be used to optimize traits, like intelligence. VICE News explores the promises and perils of this technology.
Correction: A previous version of this video stated inaccurately that Down's Syndrome was caused by a mutation in a single gene. It is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21.
Help keep VICE News’ fearless reporting free for millions by making a one-time or ongoing contribution here. - https://vice.com/contribute
Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-News
Check out VICE News for more: http://vicenews.com
Follow VICE News here:
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#VICENews #News
https://wn.com/The_Controversial_Future_Of_Genetic_Testing
How far are parents willing to go to give their children the best chance at life? A new genetic test promises to reduce the risk of diseases like Type 1 diabetes in embryos. But it could also be used to optimize traits, like intelligence. VICE News explores the promises and perils of this technology.
Correction: A previous version of this video stated inaccurately that Down's Syndrome was caused by a mutation in a single gene. It is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21.
Help keep VICE News’ fearless reporting free for millions by making a one-time or ongoing contribution here. - https://vice.com/contribute
Subscribe to VICE News here: http://bit.ly/Subscribe-to-VICE-News
Check out VICE News for more: http://vicenews.com
Follow VICE News here:
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vicenews?lang=en
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/vicenews
Twitter: https://twitter.com/vicenews
Instagram: http://instagram.com/vicenews
More videos from the VICE network: https://www.fb.com/vicevideo
Follow VICE World News here:
TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@viceworldnews?lang=en
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Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/viceworldnews/
#VICENews #News
- published: 22 May 2023
- views: 409312
5:26
GCSE Biology - DNA Part 1 - Genes and the Genome #63
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:26
- Uploaded Date: 04 Jan 2019
- views: 509150
In this video we recap chromosomes and then explain what DNA is, what genes and the genome are, and how we can use them to track the migrations of early humans....
In this video we recap chromosomes and then explain what DNA is, what genes and the genome are, and how we can use them to track the migrations of early humans.
https://wn.com/Gcse_Biology_Dna_Part_1_Genes_And_The_Genome_63
In this video we recap chromosomes and then explain what DNA is, what genes and the genome are, and how we can use them to track the migrations of early humans.
- published: 04 Jan 2019
- views: 509150
16:13
Can we cure genetic diseases by rewriting DNA? | David R. Liu
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:13
- Uploaded Date: 21 May 2019
- views: 308121
In a story of scientific discovery, chemical biologist David R. Liu shares a breakthrough: his lab's development of base editors that can rewrite DNA. This cruc...
In a story of scientific discovery, chemical biologist David R. Liu shares a breakthrough: his lab's development of base editors that can rewrite DNA. This crucial step in genome editing takes the promise of CRISPR to the next level: if CRISPR proteins are molecular scissors, programmed to cut specific DNA sequences, then base editors are pencils, capable of directly rewriting one DNA letter into another. Learn more about how these molecular machines work -- and their potential to treat or even cure genetic diseases.
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https://wn.com/Can_We_Cure_Genetic_Diseases_By_Rewriting_Dna_|_David_R._Liu
In a story of scientific discovery, chemical biologist David R. Liu shares a breakthrough: his lab's development of base editors that can rewrite DNA. This crucial step in genome editing takes the promise of CRISPR to the next level: if CRISPR proteins are molecular scissors, programmed to cut specific DNA sequences, then base editors are pencils, capable of directly rewriting one DNA letter into another. Learn more about how these molecular machines work -- and their potential to treat or even cure genetic diseases.
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- published: 21 May 2019
- views: 308121
23:50
Genetic inheritance of disease
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 23:50
- Uploaded Date: 29 Mar 2018
- views: 57761
- published: 29 Mar 2018
- views: 57761
7:29
Introduction to Genetics - DNA, RNA, Genes, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Transcription, Translation
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:29
- Uploaded Date: 22 Sep 2022
- views: 87078
Introduction to Genetics | Biology Lectures for MCAT, DAT, PLAB, NEET, NCLEX, USMLE, COMLEX.
🚨 Emergency Medicine HighYields Course: https://www.medicosisperfe...
Introduction to Genetics | Biology Lectures for MCAT, DAT, PLAB, NEET, NCLEX, USMLE, COMLEX.
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https://wn.com/Introduction_To_Genetics_Dna,_Rna,_Genes,_Nucleosides,_Nucleotides,_Transcription,_Translation
Introduction to Genetics | Biology Lectures for MCAT, DAT, PLAB, NEET, NCLEX, USMLE, COMLEX.
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- published: 22 Sep 2022
- views: 87078
4:57
What is a gene?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:57
- Uploaded Date: 26 Nov 2012
- views: 1771084
Support Stated Clearly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly
You've probably heard about GMOs or Genetically Modified Organisms but what exactly is...
Support Stated Clearly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly
You've probably heard about GMOs or Genetically Modified Organisms but what exactly is a gene and what does it mean to modify the genes of a plant or animal?
We hear about DNA and genes all the time in the news and in our biology classes but very few of us can actually explain what a gene is? This short film is designed to help.
Here we discuss a basic definition of a gene, show what a gene looks like, what it is that genes actually code for, and the basic idea behind Genetically Modified Organisms.
The video also briefly mentions one of the ways DNA strongly suggests that all living things are related and share an evolutionary history.
Even though the content given here is just a simplified overview of genetics, after watching this video (along with our first video on DNA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY) you should be able to easily follow any news article, basic conversation, or 100 level college course lecture on genetics, even if you've never taken a biology course or studied genetics in the past.
Special thanks to Hip Hop Artist Anthony Danzl for the music http://www.youtube.com/user/proofavenue?feature=watch
Rest in peace, Packy the freckled Elephant from the Portland Zoo (featured in this video). He was a wonderful soul who brought joy to many. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packy_(elephant)
Rest in peace, Wanto the western lowland gorilla (featured in this video). Though he had his angry moments, he was well loved and will be deeply missed by all who knew him. https://www.wvlt.tv/2021/04/23/zoo-knoxville-mourns-loss-of-gorilla-wanto/
Content for this video has been modified from two text books:
Molecular Biology of the Cell, third edition:
Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, James D. Watson
Biology Eighth Edition:
Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, Lisa Urry, Michael Cain, Steven Wasserman, Peter Minorsky, Robert Jackson
Chimps and humans share 96% of their DNA comes from National Geographic: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/08/0831_050831_chimp_genes.html
Fruit flies share about 50% their genes with humans comes from NASA and NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2004/03feb_fruitfly/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC311089/
Hope you liked the video, more are in the works. Stay Curious!
Portuguese captions by Marcos André
#genetics #biology #evolution
https://wn.com/What_Is_A_Gene
Support Stated Clearly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly
You've probably heard about GMOs or Genetically Modified Organisms but what exactly is a gene and what does it mean to modify the genes of a plant or animal?
We hear about DNA and genes all the time in the news and in our biology classes but very few of us can actually explain what a gene is? This short film is designed to help.
Here we discuss a basic definition of a gene, show what a gene looks like, what it is that genes actually code for, and the basic idea behind Genetically Modified Organisms.
The video also briefly mentions one of the ways DNA strongly suggests that all living things are related and share an evolutionary history.
Even though the content given here is just a simplified overview of genetics, after watching this video (along with our first video on DNA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY) you should be able to easily follow any news article, basic conversation, or 100 level college course lecture on genetics, even if you've never taken a biology course or studied genetics in the past.
Special thanks to Hip Hop Artist Anthony Danzl for the music http://www.youtube.com/user/proofavenue?feature=watch
Rest in peace, Packy the freckled Elephant from the Portland Zoo (featured in this video). He was a wonderful soul who brought joy to many. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packy_(elephant)
Rest in peace, Wanto the western lowland gorilla (featured in this video). Though he had his angry moments, he was well loved and will be deeply missed by all who knew him. https://www.wvlt.tv/2021/04/23/zoo-knoxville-mourns-loss-of-gorilla-wanto/
Content for this video has been modified from two text books:
Molecular Biology of the Cell, third edition:
Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, James D. Watson
Biology Eighth Edition:
Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, Lisa Urry, Michael Cain, Steven Wasserman, Peter Minorsky, Robert Jackson
Chimps and humans share 96% of their DNA comes from National Geographic: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/08/0831_050831_chimp_genes.html
Fruit flies share about 50% their genes with humans comes from NASA and NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2004/03feb_fruitfly/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC311089/
Hope you liked the video, more are in the works. Stay Curious!
Portuguese captions by Marcos André
#genetics #biology #evolution
- published: 26 Nov 2012
- views: 1771084
1:26
Genes vs Alleles
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:26
- Uploaded Date: 16 Jan 2017
- views: 577076
Thanks for stopping by, today we’re going to talk about the difference between genes and alleles.
Study guides I recommend:
Genetics: https://amzn.to/2BzK1S2
...
Thanks for stopping by, today we’re going to talk about the difference between genes and alleles.
Study guides I recommend:
Genetics: https://amzn.to/2BzK1S2
Biology I: https://amzn.to/2SasaIl
Biology II: https://amzn.to/2EKKGEv
Biology terminology: https://amzn.to/2BBHuXo
Find more at https://www.2minuteclassroom.com
Get involved with the 2 Minute Classroom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy
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My Gear
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Animation Software: https://www.videoscribe.co/en/
DISCLAIMER: This video and description contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on some of the product links, I’ll receive a small commission. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue to make videos like this. Thank you for the support!
Let’s start with genes.
Genes are sections of DNA which code for a specific trait.
You have literally thousands of genes. You have genes for eye color, hand size, metabolism, cell structure, and every other piece of your body.
It’s not as simple as one gene for one trait, but most basic biology classes discus it this way for simplicity.
Let’s move on to alleles.
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Think of it as a different flavor or variety. Let’s use an analogy; if Coke were the gene, the alleles would be diet, classic, caffeine free, vanilla, cherry, or whatever kind of coke it is.
Using the eye color gene, the alleles could be blue, green, brown, grey, hazel, Just the different options for eye color.
Just remember, the gene specifies which trait and the allele specifies what form the gene takes.
And that’s it. Check out my other genetics videos, and if you have any questions, throw them in the comments.
https://wn.com/Genes_Vs_Alleles
Thanks for stopping by, today we’re going to talk about the difference between genes and alleles.
Study guides I recommend:
Genetics: https://amzn.to/2BzK1S2
Biology I: https://amzn.to/2SasaIl
Biology II: https://amzn.to/2EKKGEv
Biology terminology: https://amzn.to/2BBHuXo
Find more at https://www.2minuteclassroom.com
Get involved with the 2 Minute Classroom community: https://bit.ly/2QvgbYy
Subscribe to 2 Minute Classroom: https://bit.ly/2PdkPpk
My Gear
My mic - Blue Yeti Microphone: https://amzn.to/2Q6PoCc
Full kit - Blue Yeti Microphone kit: https://amzn.to/2Q1lM9o
GTX Graphics Card: https://amzn.to/2Pcygpp
Animation Software: https://www.videoscribe.co/en/
DISCLAIMER: This video and description contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on some of the product links, I’ll receive a small commission. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue to make videos like this. Thank you for the support!
Let’s start with genes.
Genes are sections of DNA which code for a specific trait.
You have literally thousands of genes. You have genes for eye color, hand size, metabolism, cell structure, and every other piece of your body.
It’s not as simple as one gene for one trait, but most basic biology classes discus it this way for simplicity.
Let’s move on to alleles.
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Think of it as a different flavor or variety. Let’s use an analogy; if Coke were the gene, the alleles would be diet, classic, caffeine free, vanilla, cherry, or whatever kind of coke it is.
Using the eye color gene, the alleles could be blue, green, brown, grey, hazel, Just the different options for eye color.
Just remember, the gene specifies which trait and the allele specifies what form the gene takes.
And that’s it. Check out my other genetics videos, and if you have any questions, throw them in the comments.
- published: 16 Jan 2017
- views: 577076
2:39
The genetic basis of obesity
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:39
- Uploaded Date: 30 Nov 2020
- views: 56260
Obesity. It's a global epidemic that now kills more people than malnutrition. Physiologists work to unravel the causes of obesity and the genetic factors involv...
Obesity. It's a global epidemic that now kills more people than malnutrition. Physiologists work to unravel the causes of obesity and the genetic factors involved.
Subscribe to our channel and follow us on Instagram (https://instagram.com/thephysoc), Twitter (https://twitter.com/ThePhySoc ) & Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/physoc), to keep up with the science of life.
Produced by Orinoco Communications for The Physiological Society
Animation: Hayley Evenett
Illustration: Alex Scarfe
Sound Design/Music: Alexander Bradley
Narration: Elisa Canas
Director: Peter Barker
Scientific advisor: Jeffrey M Friedman
Producer at The Physiological Society: Rachel Wheeley
Transcript:
Sometimes it seems like everywhere we look we’re exposed to adverts about dieting, urging us to lose weight.
Globally, the diet industry rakes in over £150 billion a year, and that figure is rising fast.
But, at the same time, worldwide obesity levels are also growing, and that matters, because obesity now kills more people than malnutrition.
So, what’s going on? Why are self-control and dieting alone unable to stop the growing obesity epidemic?
Research by physiologists suggests there are important biological factors at play.
Namely, that some of us are simply more genetically predisposed to become obese than others.
The root causes of obesity can be summed up like this: food intake, minus energy burned, equals fat stored.
So, obesity occurs when we consume more than we burn, and fat mass builds up.
But what happens when genetics are thrown into the mix?
Our understanding of this field has been advanced by scientific experiments involving a species of obese mouse.
These mice are always hungry and won’t stop eating. They never feel full.
The mice weigh three times more than normal mice because of a defect in a single gene.
Scientists identified that gene as one that codes for a hormone called leptin.
Leptin is made by fat cells and signals to the brain how much fat mass is in the body.
Without it, the brain mistakenly believes the body is starving, so the mice keep eating, even though they’ve had enough food.
Scientists translated this finding to humans when a four-year-old boy with the same genetic mutation became severely obese.
With regular leptin injections, his over-eating stopped and, by the age of eight, he was no longer overweight.
Studies of twins have helped us to identify the genetic basis of obesity.
Identical twins who come from the same egg and the same DNA have very similar body sizes.
But twins that come from different eggs show much more variability.
These studies show that while single genes are occasionally responsible most obesity cases are caused by a combination of genes working together.
Understanding the causes of obesity is far from simple but genetic factors such as leptin play an important role to regulate food intake and body weight.
So self-control alone is rarely enough to overcome the powerful effect of genes.
That’s why physiologists are working hard to assess how a healthy diet and exercise, combined with a better understanding of how genes influence obesity, can help turn the tide on this global epidemic.
https://wn.com/The_Genetic_Basis_Of_Obesity
Obesity. It's a global epidemic that now kills more people than malnutrition. Physiologists work to unravel the causes of obesity and the genetic factors involved.
Subscribe to our channel and follow us on Instagram (https://instagram.com/thephysoc), Twitter (https://twitter.com/ThePhySoc ) & Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/physoc), to keep up with the science of life.
Produced by Orinoco Communications for The Physiological Society
Animation: Hayley Evenett
Illustration: Alex Scarfe
Sound Design/Music: Alexander Bradley
Narration: Elisa Canas
Director: Peter Barker
Scientific advisor: Jeffrey M Friedman
Producer at The Physiological Society: Rachel Wheeley
Transcript:
Sometimes it seems like everywhere we look we’re exposed to adverts about dieting, urging us to lose weight.
Globally, the diet industry rakes in over £150 billion a year, and that figure is rising fast.
But, at the same time, worldwide obesity levels are also growing, and that matters, because obesity now kills more people than malnutrition.
So, what’s going on? Why are self-control and dieting alone unable to stop the growing obesity epidemic?
Research by physiologists suggests there are important biological factors at play.
Namely, that some of us are simply more genetically predisposed to become obese than others.
The root causes of obesity can be summed up like this: food intake, minus energy burned, equals fat stored.
So, obesity occurs when we consume more than we burn, and fat mass builds up.
But what happens when genetics are thrown into the mix?
Our understanding of this field has been advanced by scientific experiments involving a species of obese mouse.
These mice are always hungry and won’t stop eating. They never feel full.
The mice weigh three times more than normal mice because of a defect in a single gene.
Scientists identified that gene as one that codes for a hormone called leptin.
Leptin is made by fat cells and signals to the brain how much fat mass is in the body.
Without it, the brain mistakenly believes the body is starving, so the mice keep eating, even though they’ve had enough food.
Scientists translated this finding to humans when a four-year-old boy with the same genetic mutation became severely obese.
With regular leptin injections, his over-eating stopped and, by the age of eight, he was no longer overweight.
Studies of twins have helped us to identify the genetic basis of obesity.
Identical twins who come from the same egg and the same DNA have very similar body sizes.
But twins that come from different eggs show much more variability.
These studies show that while single genes are occasionally responsible most obesity cases are caused by a combination of genes working together.
Understanding the causes of obesity is far from simple but genetic factors such as leptin play an important role to regulate food intake and body weight.
So self-control alone is rarely enough to overcome the powerful effect of genes.
That’s why physiologists are working hard to assess how a healthy diet and exercise, combined with a better understanding of how genes influence obesity, can help turn the tide on this global epidemic.
- published: 30 Nov 2020
- views: 56260
8:25
Genetic Engineering
Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a gen...
published: 29 Sep 2023
Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering
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- published: 29 Sep 2023
- views: 564110
Explore an intro to genetic engineering with The Amoeba Sisters. This video provides a general definition, introduces some biotechnology tools that can be used in genetic engineering, and discusses some related vocabulary (such as plasmid, vector, transformation, transgenic, and more). CRISPR is also mentioned; expand to see further reading to explore more. To see more Amoeba Sisters biotechnology related videos, visit https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL0Myd7Dk1Gxs9mwISTCEi8i1xex94p2
-----------
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:51 Genetic Engineering Defined
2:01 Insulin Production in Bacteria
3:55 Some Vocab
4:20 Vectors & More
5:25 CRISPR
6:40 Genetic Engineering Uses
7:30 Ethics
-------------
Factual References:
Clark, M. A., Douglas, M., & Choi, J. (2018, March 18). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology 2e | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-2e/pages/17-1-biotechnology
Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.
Zedalis, J., & Eggebrecht, J. (2018, March 8). 17.1 Biotechnology - Biology for AP® Courses | OpenStax. Openstax.org. https://openstax.org/books/biology-ap-courses/pages/17-1-biotechnology
---------------
FURTHER READING:
Note: our description is limited in characters; we encourage you to keep exploring beyond these recommendations!
*GFP and fluorescence?
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/green-fluorescent-protein
*This link has a great bacterial transformation exploration!
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/mhccbiology112/chapter/bacterial-transformation-lab/
*How is genetic engineering (which video focuses on) & gene therapy (which video doesn't mention) DIFFERENT? --- this also talks about using viruses:
https://medicine.missouri.edu/centers-institutes-labs/health-ethics/faq/gene-therapy
*Includes charts of different cells used to produce biopharmaceuticals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4748523/
*History of synthesizing growth factor (interesting!)
https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2012/10/human-growth-hormone.html
*Genetically engineered plants and...
**Pollutants in air or soils:
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/trees-created-clean-pollutants
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/genetically-modified-houseplant-cleans-indoor-air#
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pce.12963
**Climate change mitigation?
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2022.01.004
*Genetically Engineered Chickens and Avian Influenza Resistance?https://doi.org/10.3390/v10100561https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149294/
*Genetically Engineered Mice:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK231336/
*More on CRISPR:
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/genomicresearch/genomeediting/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971521/
**Book recommendation:
"The Code Breaker: Jennifer Doudna, Gene Editing, and the Future of the Human Race" by Walter Isaacson
ETHICAL ISSUES:
*What is bioethics? (from Michigan State University)
https://bioethics.msu.edu/what-is-bioethics
*CRISPR and Gene Editing Ethical Issues:
https://doi.org/10.21775/cimb.026.103
https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/policy-issues/Genome-Editing/ethical concerns
*Agriculture:
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetically-modified-organisms-gmos-transgenic-crops-and-732/
*Animals:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3078015/#genetics
GENETIC ENGINEERING AS A CAREER:
The US Bureau of Labor Statistics puts genetic engineering in the category of bioengineers: https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/biomedical-engineers.htm
-----------------------------------------------
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: https://www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos
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24:35
Gene editing: should you be worried?
From combating climate change, to curing disease, to creating designer babies, gene-editin...
published: 17 Mar 2022
Gene editing: should you be worried?
Gene editing: should you be worried?
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- published: 17 Mar 2022
- views: 895464
From combating climate change, to curing disease, to creating designer babies, gene-editing technologies have the potential to transform lives. What risks do they pose?
00:00 - Gene editing: risk v reward
01:06 - Cavendish bananas are under threat
03:47 - GM crops have a bad reputation
05:18 - GM mosquitoes could reduce transmissible viruses
07:50 - Ethical concerns around genetic interventions
09:30 - Editing genes with CRISPR
10:57 - CRISPR could cure sickle-cell disease
12:31 - Controversial applications of CRISPR
15:23 - Could gene editing lead to designer babies?
16:20 - Germline editing is causing international outcry
18:37 - CRIPSR could revolutionise agriculture and combat climate change
21:11 - Using genetic editing to rescue wild populations
23:30 - Gene editing may transform life on earth.
Sign up to our daily newsletter: https://econ.st/3gJBH8D
Read the tech quarterly on protecting biodiversity https://econ.st/3CqsDOJ
How to edit a human:https://econ.st/365c1A4
The safety of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is being debated https://econ.st/3CrSUfy
How AI can make health care better: watch here: https://econ.st/3hVffc1
Studying cancer genomes gene by gene could improve treatment: https://econ.st/3Kvixiw
Technology can help conserve biodiversity: https://econ.st/3MxY52f
The sequencing of genetic material is a powerful conservation tool: https://econ.st/3CA82aU
How DNA and proteins work: https://econ.st/3IQJqNj
11:35
The Controversial Future of Genetic Testing
How far are parents willing to go to give their children the best chance at life? A new ge...
published: 22 May 2023
The Controversial Future of Genetic Testing
The Controversial Future of Genetic Testing
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- published: 22 May 2023
- views: 409312
How far are parents willing to go to give their children the best chance at life? A new genetic test promises to reduce the risk of diseases like Type 1 diabetes in embryos. But it could also be used to optimize traits, like intelligence. VICE News explores the promises and perils of this technology.
Correction: A previous version of this video stated inaccurately that Down's Syndrome was caused by a mutation in a single gene. It is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21.
Help keep VICE News’ fearless reporting free for millions by making a one-time or ongoing contribution here. - https://vice.com/contribute
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5:26
GCSE Biology - DNA Part 1 - Genes and the Genome #63
In this video we recap chromosomes and then explain what DNA is, what genes and the genome...
published: 04 Jan 2019
GCSE Biology - DNA Part 1 - Genes and the Genome #63
GCSE Biology - DNA Part 1 - Genes and the Genome #63
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- published: 04 Jan 2019
- views: 509150
In this video we recap chromosomes and then explain what DNA is, what genes and the genome are, and how we can use them to track the migrations of early humans.
16:13
Can we cure genetic diseases by rewriting DNA? | David R. Liu
In a story of scientific discovery, chemical biologist David R. Liu shares a breakthrough:...
published: 21 May 2019
Can we cure genetic diseases by rewriting DNA? | David R. Liu
Can we cure genetic diseases by rewriting DNA? | David R. Liu
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- published: 21 May 2019
- views: 308121
In a story of scientific discovery, chemical biologist David R. Liu shares a breakthrough: his lab's development of base editors that can rewrite DNA. This crucial step in genome editing takes the promise of CRISPR to the next level: if CRISPR proteins are molecular scissors, programmed to cut specific DNA sequences, then base editors are pencils, capable of directly rewriting one DNA letter into another. Learn more about how these molecular machines work -- and their potential to treat or even cure genetic diseases.
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23:50
Genetic inheritance of disease
published: 29 Mar 2018
Genetic inheritance of disease
Genetic inheritance of disease
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- published: 29 Mar 2018
- views: 57761
7:29
Introduction to Genetics - DNA, RNA, Genes, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Transcription, Translation
Introduction to Genetics | Biology Lectures for MCAT, DAT, PLAB, NEET, NCLEX, USMLE, COMLE...
published: 22 Sep 2022
Introduction to Genetics - DNA, RNA, Genes, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Transcription, Translation
Introduction to Genetics - DNA, RNA, Genes, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Transcription, Translation
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- published: 22 Sep 2022
- views: 87078
Introduction to Genetics | Biology Lectures for MCAT, DAT, PLAB, NEET, NCLEX, USMLE, COMLEX.
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4:57
What is a gene?
Support Stated Clearly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly
You've probably ...
published: 26 Nov 2012
What is a gene?
What is a gene?
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- published: 26 Nov 2012
- views: 1771084
Support Stated Clearly on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/statedclearly
You've probably heard about GMOs or Genetically Modified Organisms but what exactly is a gene and what does it mean to modify the genes of a plant or animal?
We hear about DNA and genes all the time in the news and in our biology classes but very few of us can actually explain what a gene is? This short film is designed to help.
Here we discuss a basic definition of a gene, show what a gene looks like, what it is that genes actually code for, and the basic idea behind Genetically Modified Organisms.
The video also briefly mentions one of the ways DNA strongly suggests that all living things are related and share an evolutionary history.
Even though the content given here is just a simplified overview of genetics, after watching this video (along with our first video on DNA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY) you should be able to easily follow any news article, basic conversation, or 100 level college course lecture on genetics, even if you've never taken a biology course or studied genetics in the past.
Special thanks to Hip Hop Artist Anthony Danzl for the music http://www.youtube.com/user/proofavenue?feature=watch
Rest in peace, Packy the freckled Elephant from the Portland Zoo (featured in this video). He was a wonderful soul who brought joy to many. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packy_(elephant)
Rest in peace, Wanto the western lowland gorilla (featured in this video). Though he had his angry moments, he was well loved and will be deeply missed by all who knew him. https://www.wvlt.tv/2021/04/23/zoo-knoxville-mourns-loss-of-gorilla-wanto/
Content for this video has been modified from two text books:
Molecular Biology of the Cell, third edition:
Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, James D. Watson
Biology Eighth Edition:
Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, Lisa Urry, Michael Cain, Steven Wasserman, Peter Minorsky, Robert Jackson
Chimps and humans share 96% of their DNA comes from National Geographic: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2005/08/0831_050831_chimp_genes.html
Fruit flies share about 50% their genes with humans comes from NASA and NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2004/03feb_fruitfly/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC311089/
Hope you liked the video, more are in the works. Stay Curious!
Portuguese captions by Marcos André
#genetics #biology #evolution
1:26
Genes vs Alleles
Thanks for stopping by, today we’re going to talk about the difference between genes and a...
published: 16 Jan 2017
Genes vs Alleles
Genes vs Alleles
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- published: 16 Jan 2017
- views: 577076
Thanks for stopping by, today we’re going to talk about the difference between genes and alleles.
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Let’s start with genes.
Genes are sections of DNA which code for a specific trait.
You have literally thousands of genes. You have genes for eye color, hand size, metabolism, cell structure, and every other piece of your body.
It’s not as simple as one gene for one trait, but most basic biology classes discus it this way for simplicity.
Let’s move on to alleles.
Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Think of it as a different flavor or variety. Let’s use an analogy; if Coke were the gene, the alleles would be diet, classic, caffeine free, vanilla, cherry, or whatever kind of coke it is.
Using the eye color gene, the alleles could be blue, green, brown, grey, hazel, Just the different options for eye color.
Just remember, the gene specifies which trait and the allele specifies what form the gene takes.
And that’s it. Check out my other genetics videos, and if you have any questions, throw them in the comments.
2:39
The genetic basis of obesity
Obesity. It's a global epidemic that now kills more people than malnutrition. Physiologist...
published: 30 Nov 2020
The genetic basis of obesity
The genetic basis of obesity
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- published: 30 Nov 2020
- views: 56260
Obesity. It's a global epidemic that now kills more people than malnutrition. Physiologists work to unravel the causes of obesity and the genetic factors involved.
Subscribe to our channel and follow us on Instagram (https://instagram.com/thephysoc), Twitter (https://twitter.com/ThePhySoc ) & Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/physoc), to keep up with the science of life.
Produced by Orinoco Communications for The Physiological Society
Animation: Hayley Evenett
Illustration: Alex Scarfe
Sound Design/Music: Alexander Bradley
Narration: Elisa Canas
Director: Peter Barker
Scientific advisor: Jeffrey M Friedman
Producer at The Physiological Society: Rachel Wheeley
Transcript:
Sometimes it seems like everywhere we look we’re exposed to adverts about dieting, urging us to lose weight.
Globally, the diet industry rakes in over £150 billion a year, and that figure is rising fast.
But, at the same time, worldwide obesity levels are also growing, and that matters, because obesity now kills more people than malnutrition.
So, what’s going on? Why are self-control and dieting alone unable to stop the growing obesity epidemic?
Research by physiologists suggests there are important biological factors at play.
Namely, that some of us are simply more genetically predisposed to become obese than others.
The root causes of obesity can be summed up like this: food intake, minus energy burned, equals fat stored.
So, obesity occurs when we consume more than we burn, and fat mass builds up.
But what happens when genetics are thrown into the mix?
Our understanding of this field has been advanced by scientific experiments involving a species of obese mouse.
These mice are always hungry and won’t stop eating. They never feel full.
The mice weigh three times more than normal mice because of a defect in a single gene.
Scientists identified that gene as one that codes for a hormone called leptin.
Leptin is made by fat cells and signals to the brain how much fat mass is in the body.
Without it, the brain mistakenly believes the body is starving, so the mice keep eating, even though they’ve had enough food.
Scientists translated this finding to humans when a four-year-old boy with the same genetic mutation became severely obese.
With regular leptin injections, his over-eating stopped and, by the age of eight, he was no longer overweight.
Studies of twins have helped us to identify the genetic basis of obesity.
Identical twins who come from the same egg and the same DNA have very similar body sizes.
But twins that come from different eggs show much more variability.
These studies show that while single genes are occasionally responsible most obesity cases are caused by a combination of genes working together.
Understanding the causes of obesity is far from simple but genetic factors such as leptin play an important role to regulate food intake and body weight.
So self-control alone is rarely enough to overcome the powerful effect of genes.
That’s why physiologists are working hard to assess how a healthy diet and exercise, combined with a better understanding of how genes influence obesity, can help turn the tide on this global epidemic.
Genetic algorithm
In the field of artificial intelligence, a genetic algorithm (GA) is a search heuristic that mimics the process of natural selection. This heuristic (also sometimes called a metaheuristic) is routinely used to generate useful solutions to optimization and search problems. Genetic algorithms belong to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms (EA), which generate solutions to optimization problems using techniques inspired by natural evolution, such as inheritance, mutation, selection, and crossover.
Methodology
Optimization problems
In a genetic algorithm, a population of candidate solutions (called individuals, creatures, or phenotypes) to an optimization problem is evolved toward better solutions. Each candidate solution has a set of properties (its chromosomes or genotype) which can be mutated and altered; traditionally, solutions are represented in binary as strings of 0s and 1s, but other encodings are also possible.
The evolution usually starts from a population of randomly generated individuals, and is an iterative process, with the population in each iteration called a generation. In each generation, the fitness of every individual in the population is evaluated; the fitness is usually the value of the objective function in the optimization problem being solved. The more fit individuals are stochastically selected from the current population, and each individual's genome is modified (recombined and possibly randomly mutated) to form a new generation. The new generation of candidate solutions is then used in the next iteration of the algorithm. Commonly, the algorithm terminates when either a maximum number of generations has been produced, or a satisfactory fitness level has been reached for the population.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Genetic_algorithm
Genetic Engineering...
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GCSE Biology - DNA Part 1 - Genes and the Genome ...
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Introduction to Genetics - DNA, RNA, Genes, Nucleo...
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