The government shutdown is set to sow more disruption and political peril Monday after the Senate inched closer but ultimately fell short of an agreement that would have reopened federal agencies before the beginning of the workweek.

Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell and Democratic leader Chuck Schumer said negotiations lasted late into the night, with a vote to break a Democratic filibuster on a short-term funding bill scheduled for noon Monday.

Under the proposal taking shape, Democrats would agree to a three-week spending measure — until Feb. 8 — in return for a commitment from the Republican leadership in the Senate to address immigration policy and other pressing legislative matters in the coming weeks.

But Democrats appeared to be holding out for a firmer commitment from McConnell.

"We have yet to reach an agreement on a path forward," Schumer said late Sunday.

Republican Senator Susan Collins of Maine said Monday morning "we're making progress by inches."

Budget Battle

Susan Collins of Maine is flanked by Republican Senators Lindsey Graham, left, and Jeff Flake, speaks to reporters at the Capitol in Washington. (J. Scott Applewhite/Associated Press)

McConnell's comments followed hours of behind-the-scenes talks between the leaders and rank-and-file lawmakers over how to end the display of legislative dysfunction, which began at midnight Friday after Democrats blocked a temporary spending measure. Democrats have sought to use the spending bill to win concessions, including protections for roughly 700,000 younger immigrants brought illegally to the U.S. as children.

Collins seemed to agree that a firmer pledge from McConnell on these so-called Dreamers would be helpful.

Republicans have appeared increasingly confident that Democrats were bearing the brunt of criticism for the shutdown and that they would ultimately buckle. The White House and Republican leaders said they would not negotiate with Democrats on immigration until the government is reopened.

Relatively subdued Trump

President Donald Trump on Monday accused Democrats of prioritizing services and security for non-citizens over U.S. citizens.

"Not good," his first tweet said.

In a second tweet, he said, "Democrats have shut down our government in the interests of their far left base. They don't want to do it but are powerless!"

Trump's first tweet appeared to undercut comments by his legislative affairs director, Marc Short, who told CNN that the immigrants in question are law-abiding and "productive to our society."

Short said the administration wants to "find a pathway for them" to stay in the U.S.

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Although they initially dug in on a demand for an immigration deal, Democrats had shifted to blaming the shutdown on the incompetence of Republicans and Trump, seeming sensitive to being seen by voters as willing to tie up government operations to protect immigrants.

Trump, who regularly disrupted negotiations in recent weeks, had been a relatively subdued player in the weekend debate. He has not appeared in public since Friday afternoon. The White House said he was in regular contact with Republican leaders, but he has not reached out to any Democrats, a White House official said.

Democratic has 'zero confidence' in Ryan on immigration

Democrats are facing intense pressure from their base to solve the issue over the young immigrants and are skeptical of Republicans' credibility when offering to take up the issue. Whether Trump would back the emerging plan or any later proposal on immigration is an open question.

While lawmakers feuded, signs of the shutdown were evident at national parks and in some federal agencies. Social Security and most other safety-net programs were unaffected by the lapse in federal spending authority. Critical government functions continued, with uniformed service members, health inspectors and law enforcement officers set to work without pay.

Budget Battle

Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer from New York arrives at the Capitol in Washington at the start of the third day of the government shutdown. (J. Scott Applewhite/Associated Press)

Lawmakers were mindful that the political stakes would soar Monday morning, when thousands of federal workers would be told to stay home or, in many cases, work without pay. What was still a weekend burst of Washington dysfunction could spiral into a broader crisis with political consequences in November.

The vote will prove to be a test of unity and resolve among Democrats. Five Democrats from states won by Trump broke ranks in a vote Friday. The measure gained 50 votes to proceed to 49 against, but 60 were needed to break a Democratic filibuster.

House Speaker Paul Ryan said if the Senate approves a temporary spending bill to reopen the government through Feb. 8, the House would approve it, too.

Senate Democrats had blocked a stopgap measure passed by the House to keep the federal bureaucracy operating through Feb. 16. But speaking on Fox and Friends on Monday, Ryan said the new date works for the House.

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A worker passes a café in Washington offering free coffee to federal employees near the the White House during the government shutdown on Monday. (Kevin Lamarque/Reuters)

The Wisconsin Republican also said negotiations on an immigration deal are taking place in good faith.

Democratic Senator Richard Blumenthal of Connecticut appeared on MSNBC on Monday and said he had "zero confidence" that Ryan will bring legislation to shield the Dreamers.