MTR Corporation

Omsi good scenery (004) MTR 港鐵 觀塘綫 ( Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway ) Kwun Tong @ 296A City

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• published: 15 Jun 2015
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Map:296a (By Calvin 1995) 香港鐵路（英語：Mass Transit Railway），常簡稱港鐵（英語簡稱為MTR），是香港最大的鐵路運輸系統[3]，泛指能夠通過一張港鐵單程票通行的9條路線[註 1]，廣義上包括一條連接香港國際機場及香港市區的機場快線、擁有12條路線的輕鐵系統及昂坪360纜車系統，組織成為貫通香港島、九龍及新界、市區及多座新市鎮，總計87座鐵路站及68座輕鐵站、合共長220.9公里的鐵路網[1]。同時，整個系統亦包括接駁巴士及城際客運服務。 綜合港鐵系統[註 3]由香港鐵路有限公司（簡稱港鐵公司）營運，於2007年12月2日由地鐵[註 4]及九鐵系統[註 5]合併而成[4]。其中東鐵線[註 2]始建於1906年，於1910年通車，是連接香港及廣東省主要的鐵路運輸；而以地下隧道為主的第二條路線觀塘線則於1979年通車，成為香港鐵路發展歷史的里程碑。 於2013年，港鐵所有路線（不包括輕鐵）累積載客量逾15億9千萬人次、而輕鐵則為2億1千萬人次[2]，是全球最繁忙的鐵路系統之一。香港鐵路為國際地鐵聯盟的創會會員之一[註 6]。而港鐵在香港專營公共運輸工具市場整體佔有率不斷上升，由2013年的46.9％，增至48.1％，當中港鐵在過海交通工具市場的佔有率更達68.2％[5]。 雖然港鐵在服務及管理水平在國際上享有高度評價，有很多國家和地區都有引進港鐵的營業模式，但近年港鐵本地服務水平被批評有所下降。 This article is about the metro system in Hong Kong. For the company that operates the system, see MTR Corporation. For other meanings of "MTR", see MTR (disambiguation). Mass Transit Railway (MTR) MTR Corporation.svg Overview Locale Hong Kong Transit type Heavy rail Light rail Airport Express Inter-city railway service MTR Bus Number of lines Heavy rail: 10 Light rail: 12 Number of stations Heavy rail: 87[1] Light rail: 68[1] Daily ridership Rapid transit: 4.552 million Others: 0.618 million (June 2013)[2] Operation Began operation 1 October 1910 (First KCR line) 30 September 1979 (First Line started operation on 1 October 1979, excluding the former-KCR lines) 2 December 2007 (Merger with KCR) Operator(s) MTR Corporation Technical System length Heavy rail: 174.7 km (108.6 mi)[3] Light rail: 36.2 km (22.5 mi)[3][4] Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) (standard gauge – East Rail, West Rail, Ma On Shan lines, and Light Rail only) 1,432 mm (4 ft 8 3⁄8 in) (almost standard gauge – all other lines) Mass Transit Railway (MTR) TCL.JPG A K-Stock train on the Tung Chung Line Traditional Chinese 港鐵 Literal meaning "Hong Kong Railway" [show]Transcriptions The Mass Transit Railway (MTR) is the rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong. It is one of the most profitable systems in the world, with a high farebox recovery ratio of 186%.[5] Opened in 1979, the system now includes 218.2 km (135.6 mi) of rail[3] with 155 stations, including 87 railway stations and 68 light rail stops.[1] The MTR system is operated by MTR Corporation Limited (MTRCL). Under the government's rail-led transport policy,[6] the MTR system is a common mode of public transport in Hong Kong, with over five million trips made in an average weekday. It consistently achieves a 99.9% on-time rate on its train journeys. As of 2012, the MTR has a 46.4% market share of the franchised public transport market, making it the most popular transport option in Hong Kong.[7] The integration of the Octopus smart card fare-payment technology into the MTR system in September 1997 has further enhanced the ease of commuting on the MTR. Construction of the MTR was prompted by a study, released in 1967, commissioned by the Hong Kong Government in order to find solutions to the growing road congestion problem caused by the expansion of the territory's economy.[8] Construction started soon after the release of the study, and the first line opened in 1979. The MTR was immediately popular with residents of Hong Kong; as a result, subsequent lines have been built to cover more territory. There are continual debates regarding how and where to expand the MTR network.[9][10] As a successful railway operation, the MTR has served as a model for other newly built systems in the world, particularly in mainland China.