Aval

Aval (or endorsement), in Spain, is a joint commitment to payment of an obligation in favor of the creditor or beneficiary. It is granted by a third party, in case the principal debtor does not fulfil the obligation of payment of a credit title.

The practice of requesting an aval from a prospective borrower has become commonplace since the 2008 global financial crisis.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word is derived from the French à val ("at the bottom"); according to the Trésor de la langue française, it is probably an abbreviation of the formula à valoir. However, it might also come from hawala, an informal value transfer system in the Muslim sharia law which influenced the development of aval in French law and the avallo in Italian law.

The endorsement implies that a third party, known as a surety or guarantor, is jointly liable for the full amount of the debt with the principal debtor. The third party (guarantor) commits himself to cover the payment of the amount of the credit title and its interest, in case the original debtor does not fulfil his or her obligation.

Santhosh Narayanan

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Santhosh Narayanan (born 15 May 1983) is an Indian film composer and musician in the Tamil film industry. Santhosh Narayanan made his debut as a film composer in the 2012 Tamil film Attakathi.

Early life

Santhosh Narayanan did his schooling in RSK Higher Secondary School, Tiruchirappalli and college in J. J. College of Engineering and Technology, Tiruchirapalli. After completing his education, he briefly worked as an assistant to composer A. R. Rahman. He worked as a recording engineer, before beginning to produce independent music and compose background score for films. He scored the music including two songs for the acclaimed short film Advaitham, and produced the score for the Telugu thriller film Nenu Meeku Telusa along with another Rahman protege, Sakti. He was also part of the contemporary folk music band La Pongal with whom he performed in a few shows in 2009.

Career

2012 - 2013:Debut success

Udhayanidhi Stalin

Udhayanidhi Stalin is an Indian film actor and producer, who has worked on Tamil language films. The grandson of politician M. Karunanidhi, Udhayanidhi Stalin entered the film industry as a film producer and distributor with his production studio, Red Giant Movies, and made films including Kuruvi (2008), Aadhavan (2009) and Manmadan Ambu (2010). He subsequently made his debut as an actor through the romantic comedy, Oru Kal Oru Kannadi (2012), and has since continued producing and starring in his own films.

Career

Udhayanidhi Stalin's first film as a producer with Red Giant Movies was Kuruvi (2008) starring Vijay and Trisha, while he also produced two films directed by K. S. Ravikumar - Aadhavan (2009) starring Suriya and Kamal Haasan's Manmadan Ambu (2010). He also produced AR Murugadoss's science fiction film 7aum Arivu (2011), while he also worked as a distributor, gaining success through his four releases in 2010 such as Gautham Menon's Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa, Vijay's Madrasapattinam, Rajesh's Boss Engira Bhaskaran and Prabhu Solomon's Mynaa.

Priya Himesh

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Priya Himesh (also credited as Priya Hemesh) is an Indian multilingual Playback singer for the feature films. She sings predominantly in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, and Malayalam language movies.

Priya is the recipient of Filmfare Awards South for her Telugu song "Ringa Ringa" in the film Aarya 2.

Selected discography

References

Sony Music Entertainment

Sony Music Entertainment Inc. (sometimes known as Sony Music or by the initials, SME) is an American music corporation managed and operated by Sony Corporation of America (SCA), a subsidiary of Japanese conglomerate Sony Corporation. In 1929, the enterprise was first founded as American Record Corporation (ARC) and, in 1938, was renamed Columbia Recording Corporation, following ARC's acquisition by CBS. In 1966, the company was reorganized to become CBS Records. In 1987, Sony Corporation of Japan bought the company, and in 1991, renamed it SME. It is the world's second largest recorded music company, after Universal Music Group.

In 2004, SME and Bertelsmann Music Group merged as Sony BMG Music Entertainment. When Sony acquired BMG's half of the conglomerate in 2008, Sony BMG reverted to the SME name. The buyout led to the dissolution of BMG, which then relaunched as BMG Rights Management. Out of the "Big Three" record companies, with Universal Music Group being the largest and Warner Music Group, SME is middle-sized.