- published: 16 Oct 2012
- views: 30138752
A surname or family name is a name added to a given name. In many cases, a surname is a family name and many dictionaries define "surname" as a synonym of "family name". In the western hemisphere, it is commonly synonymous with last name because it is usually placed at the end of a person's given name.
In most Spanish-speaking and Portuguese-speaking countries, two or more last names (or surnames) may be used. In China, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Taiwan, Vietnam, and parts of India, the family name is placed before a person's given name.
The style of having both a family name (surname) and a given name (forename) is far from universal. In many countries, it is common for ordinary people to have only one name or mononym.
The concept of a "surname" is a relatively recent historical development, evolving from a medieval naming practice called a "byname". Based on an individual's occupation or area of residence, a byname would be used in situations where more than one person had the same name.
Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western music, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music. While a similar term is also used to refer to the period from 1750-1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from roughly the 11th century to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods. The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common practice period. The major time divisions of classical music are as follows: the early music period, which includes the Medieval (500–1400) and the Renaissance (1400–1600) eras; the Common practice period, which includes the Baroque (1600–1750), Classical (1750–1820), and Romantic eras (1804–1910); and the 20th century (1901–2000) which includes the modern (1890–1930) that overlaps from the late 19th-century, the high modern (mid 20th-century), and contemporary or postmodern (1975–2015) eras.
There are over 1000 known compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach. Nearly all of them are listed in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV), which is the best known and most widely used catalogue of Bach's compositions.
The earliest lists of Bach's compositions are given by his biographers, starting from his obituary which gives a list of instrumental works printed during the composer's lifetime (from Clavier-Übung I to The Art of Fugue), followed by a list which groups other types of compositions he wrote. The first separately published biography of the composer, by Johann Nikolaus Forkel, follows the same setup: its ninth chapter first lists printed works (adding four-part chorales that were published in the second half of the 18th century), followed by a rough overview of the unpublished ones. In the first half of the 19th century more works were published, so the next biographies (Schauer and Hilgenfeldt in 1850) had more elaborate appendices listing printed works, referring to these works by publisher, and the number or page number given to the works in these publications. So, for example, the Prelude and Fugue in E-flat major can be indicated as "C. F. Peters Vol. III No. 1", or any of the variants ("Griepenkerl and Roitzsch Vol. 3 p. 2", "Peters Book 242 p. 2", "P. S. V., Cah. 3 (242), No. 1", etc.)
The Brandenburg Concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach (BWV 1046–1051, original title: Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments) are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721 (though probably composed earlier). They are widely regarded as some of the best orchestral compositions of the Baroque era.
Bach wrote out the music himself for presentation to the Margrave rather than leaving it to a copyist. While he took the opportunity to revise the music, most likely, it was not freshly composed. He appears to have selected the six pieces from concertos he had composed over a number of years while Kapellmeister at Köthen, and possibly extending back to his employment at Weimar (1708–17).
Bach's dedication to the Margrave was dated 24 March 1721. Translated from the original French, the first sentence of Bach's dedication reads:
Bach's reference to his scoring the concertos for "several instruments" (Concerts avec plusieurs instruments) is an understatement. Bach used the "widest spectrum of orchestral instruments … in daring combinations," as Christoph Wolff has commented. "Every one of the six concertos set a precedent in scoring, and every one was to remain without parallel." Heinrich Besseler has noted that the overall forces required (leaving aside the first concerto, which was rewritten for a special occasion) tallies exactly with the 17 players Bach had at his disposal in Köthen.
No. 3 (넘버3) is a 1997 South Korean gangster comedy film starring Han Suk-kyu as the titular no. 3 man of a gangster organization who's aspiring to rise up the ranks and become the leader of his own gang. It was writer-director Song Nung-han's debut film.
In their Korean Film; History, Resistance, and Democratic Imagination, Min Eung-jun et al. state that through his portrayal of gangster society in this film, Song allegorically criticizes all of contemporary South Korean society. Calling the film a "black comedy employing satire and self-reflexivity," Min says the film represents a revisionist impulse in contemporary Korean cinema for several reasons. It uses violence allegorically not as an expression of repressed sexuality, but as an expression of the absurdity of Korean society. Also, rather than focus exclusively on male aspirations, it simultaneously shows the desires of its female characters as well. Further, in satirizing Korean society, it does not exclude the bourgeoisie from its critical eye.
Actors: Johan Libéreau (actor), Xavier Gallais (actor), Enrico Di Giovanni (actor), Tuong Vi Nguyen-Long (editor), Boris Baum (writer), Boris Baum (director), Boris Baum (producer), Louise Maurice (miscellaneous crew), Marc Ségala (actor), Jonathan Bruzat (actor), Chiara Capitani (actress), Myriam Derbal (actress), Audrey Legrand (actor), Gildas Jaffrennou (miscellaneous crew), Diana Kefalogianni (miscellaneous crew),
Plot: August 2012, Antoine brings Liz back to his place after he has knocked her over in a car accident. Little by little, she moves into his house and worms her way into his life. Antoine, who has been shut up in his Manor-house all his life will try, through this chance meeting to give a new meaning to his education, based on chosen poetry, music and painting. Antoine plays towards Liz the part of Pygmalion and pupil simultaneously. Involuntary, they embark on an internal odyssey to find freedom and a means of self-expression. But before reaching their goal, Antoine must come clean with his own past.
Genres: Drama,Actors: Yûsaku Yara (actor), Fûrin Cha (actor), Hiromasa Taguchi (actor), Kôichi Yamadera (actor), Hôchû Ôtsuka (actor), Shôzô Iizuka (actor), Jûrôta Kosugi (actor), Haruka Tomatsu (actress), Hozumi Gôda (actor), Hiroshi Yanaka (actor), Mariya Ise (actress), Minako Kotobuki (actress), Yûki Kuroda (actor), Ikuko Tani (actress), Hiroshi Shimozaki (actor),
Genres: Animation, Comedy, Family, Fantasy,Actors: Kerstin Wiedé (producer), Andrea Sawatzki (actress), Dietrich Hollinderbäumer (actor), Uwe Kockisch (actor), Teresa Harder (actress), Václav Mares (actor), Ingo Naujoks (actor), Steffen Scheumann (actor), Alicia Remirez (producer), Regine Bätz (costume designer), Tamara Kafka (actress), Gabrielle Scharnitzky (actress), Jürgen König (actor), Barbara Demmer (actress), Markus Voellenklee (actor),
Genres: Thriller,Actors: Eva Holubová (actress), Miroslav Donutil (actor), Tomás Hanák (actor), Vera Chytilová (director), Vera Chytilová (writer), Karel Roden (actor), Jirí Machácek (actor), Milan Lasica (actor), Petr Ctvrtnícek (actor), Zuzana Stivínová (actress), Ivana Kacírková (editor), Martin Bezouska (miscellaneous crew), David Vávra (actor), Dagmar Bláhová (actress), Tereza Kucerová (costume designer),
Genres: Comedy, Drama,Actors: Carles Canut (actor), Enric Serra (actor), Joaquim Cardona (actor), Feliu Formosa (writer), Paul Barz (writer),
Genres: ,Actors: Pierre Santini (actor), Stefano Satta Flores (actor), Peter Pasetti (actor), Michel Bouquet (actor), Jean-Claude Brialy (actor), Daniel Ceccaldi (actor), Michel Aumont (actor), Jacques Boudet (actor), Vernon Dobtcheff (actor), André Falcon (actor), Jacques François (actor), Henri Garcin (actor), Pierre Arditi (actor), Alexander Kerst (actor), Jean-Pierre Sentier (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Wolfgang Glück (director), Günter Lamprecht (actor), Hans Beerhenke (actor), Elert Bode (actor), Martin Rickelt (actor), Manfred Böhm (actor), Eva Berthold (actress), Heiner Kollhoff (actor), Gerhard Dressel (actor), Werner Moser (actor), Jochen Paulmann (actor), Klaus-Dieter Koenig (actor), Hannelore Appler (writer),
Genres: ,Actors: Eberhard Fechner (director), Peter Schiff (actor), Günter Strack (actor), Dagmar Biener (actress), Helga Feddersen (actress), Wolfgang Condrus (actor), Katharina Mayberg (actress), Horst Bollmann (actor), Klaus Herm (actor), Günther Kieslich (actor), Herbert Knopp (writer), Ursula Schult (actress), Henriette Gonnermann (actress), Gerhard Schinschke (actor), Martin Rosenstiel (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Olga von Togni (actress), Til Erwig (actor), Heini Göbel (actor), Joseph Offenbach (actor), Tilli Breidenbach (actress), Else Knott (actress), Ruth Kähler (actress), Gedeon Kovacs (director), Liselotte Quilling (actress), Sofie Engelke (actress), Elisabeth Kuhlmann (actress), Werner Siedhoff (actor), Alfred Böckel (actor), Wolfgang Deichsel (writer), Thomas Löbl (actor),
Genres: Comedy, Drama,Actors: Bertel Krause (actor), A.W. Sandberg (director), Frederik Jacobsen (actor), Rasmus Christiansen (actor), Johanne Fritz-Petersen (actress), A.V. Olsen (writer), Hr. Heldén (actor),
Genres: Comedy, Short,Subscribe for more classical music: http://bit.ly/YouTubeHalidonMusic Listen to our Bach playlist on Spotify: http://spoti.fi/2nShY9e Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/halidonmusic/ ▶ BUY the full MP3 album from our music store: http://bit.ly/TpRqnQ ♫♫♫ Special Price ♫♫♫ ▶ BUY on iTunes: http://bit.ly/1lvmu3f ▶ BUY on Amazon: http://amzn.to/1pSRqhS Follow us here: https://www.facebook.com/halidonmusic/ https://twitter.com/halidonmusic http://www.halidon.it/index.php More music here: https://play.spotify.com/user/halidon THE BEST OF BACH | TRACKLIST 1. Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F major, BWV 1046 – Allegro (00:00) 2. Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F major, BWV 1046 – Adagio (4:43) 3. Brandenburg Concerto No. 1 in F major, BWV 1046 – Allegro (9:10) 4. Brandenburg Co...
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Violin Concertos
Subscribe to our channel: http://bit.ly/YouTubeHalidonMusic Listen to our playlist "The best of classical music" on Spotify: http://spoti.fi/2nv7mvw Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/halidonmusic/ ▶ BUY the full MP3 album from our music store: http://bit.ly/2qSl3Yn ♫♫♫ Special Price ♫♫♫ ▶ BUY on Amazon: http://amzn.to/2q7AAqj BACH - CLASSICAL MUSIC FOR RELAXATION 1 Orchestral Suite No. 3 in D Major, BWV 1068: II. Aria 00:00 Piano: Giovanni Umberto Battel 2 Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067: I. Ouverture. Lentamente 06:21 Orchestra da Camera Fiorentina, Giuseppe Lanzetta, Andreas Blau 3 Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067: III. Sarabande 14:07 Orchestra da Camera Fiorentina, Giuseppe Lanzetta, Andreas Blau 4 Suite No. 2 in B Minor, BWV 1067: V. Double 17:08 Orchestra da C...
Das "Air" von Johann Sebastian Bach aus der 3. Suite für Orchester (D-Dur; BWV 1068), 2. Satz. Einfach zurücklehnen, ins Grüne schauen und genießen. The "Air" by Johann Sebastian Bach from the 3rd orchestral suite (D minor; BWV 1068), 2nd movement. Just lean back, look into the green and enjoy. Photo 2005 by Nebelwarner: Forest at the "Venner Moor" near the city of Senden (German state North Rhine-Westphalia).
J.S. Bach Cello Suites No.1-6 BWV 1007-1012, Ralph Kirshbaum 1. Cello Suite No.1 in G major BWV 1007 0:00-18:07 Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Minuet Gigue 2. Cello Suite No.2 in D minor BWV 1008 18:07-38:02 Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Minuet Gigue 3. Cello Suite No.3 in C major BWV 1009 38:02-1:00:39 Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Bourree Gigue 4. Cello Suite No.4 in E flat major BWV 1010 1:00:39-1:24:47 Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Bourree Gigue 5. Cello Suite No.5 in C minor BWV 1011 1:24:47-1:51:02 Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Gavotte Gigue 6. Cello Suite No.6 in D major BWV 1012 1:51:02 Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Gavotte Gigue Painting: Jean Raoux, Orpheus and Eurydice, Oil on Canvas, 1709
J.S. Bach - The six cello suites Pau Casals, cello (1936/39) Suite I 00:00:00, Suite II 00:16:13, Suite III 00:36:16, Suite IV 00:56:52, Suite V 01:19:43, Suite VI 01:42:11. Personal audio restoration (2015)
4 Hours of some of the best Johann Sebastian Bach classical music for studying and concentration. It is a perfect relaxing instrumental music playlist mix for studying and better learning to focus memory and it is also great music to study and concentrate, writing or working in office. Use this classical music for relaxation and reading or as study music for exams and study time. Thank you so much for watching this video by Just Instrumental Music channel. I hope you enjoy it and don't forget to Subscribe :) - Music accreditations: "Toccata and Fugue in D minor" and "Brandenburg Concerto No. 4 - I. Allegro" are performed by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
BWV 1055, 1056, 1059R, 1053R, 1060. Christian Hommel; Helmut Muller-Brühl: Cologne Chamber Orchestra Through the video you can see Marriage a la Mode and a Rakes Progress by William Hogart. http://www.amazon.com/Bach-Oboe-Concertos-Christian-Hommel/dp/B000046Q2I/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid;=1347840339&sr;=8-1&keywords;=bach+hommel+oboe http://www.amazon.com/Bach-Oboe-Concertos-Christian-Hommel/dp/B000046Q2I/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid;=1347840339&sr;=8-1&keywords;=bach+hommel+oboe
Twitter ► https://twitter.com/@tunesclassical Google Play ►https://play.google.com/store/music/album/album?id=Bsbwe27hiwldd4tupj47am3wpxa 00:00:00 - Overture (Suite) No. 3 in D Major, BWV 1068: II. Air, "Air on a G String" 00:04:57 - Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major, BWV 1047 00:09:25 - Concerto for 2 Violins in D Minor, BWV 1043 00:12:58 - Harpsichord Concerto in F Minor, BWV 1056: II. Largo 00:15:48 - Harpsichord Concerto in D Major, BWV 1045 00:23:10 - Violin Concerto in E Major, BWV 1042 00:30:32 - Concerto for Flute, Violin, Harpsichord and Strings in A Minor, BWV 1044, "Triple Concerto" 00:38:19 - Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major, BWV 1048 00:43:01 - Concerto for Violin and Oboe in C Minor, BWV 1060: I. Allegro 00:48:00 - Harpsichord Concerto in E Major, BWV 1053 00:55:36 ...
Yo 'Pac yo, I heard you got beat up by the police
Got a big fat lawsuit and everything
Niggaz just wanna know
if you still gon' be on some crooked-ass sheeeit
[2Pac]
Please tell me what's a nigga to do, and it's true
Ain't nuttin new, so I do, what I can to get through
Now first they had me trapped and now I'm pissed
A loaded AK-47 lay under my head so I don't trip
One motherfucker from the Underground
And Big Stretch buckin niggaz if they fuck around
Yo why I got beef with police?
Ain't that a bitch that motherfuckers got a beef with me
They make it hard for me to sleep
I wake up at the slightest peep, and my sheets are 3 feet deep
I guess it's hard for you to see
But now I'm pointin the finger at police
instead of them motherfuckers blamin me
I got the right to bear a pistol
And when the punk motherfuckers get to trippin I got shit too
And maybe then you'll see the truth (hell yeah)
But until then, I gotta do what I do
and stay a crooked nigga too
[Chorus: Raphael Saadiq]
I've got to do, what I'm gon' do
I'm gon' say what I'm gon' say
I'm gon' live how I live - how else you want a nigga to live?
I'm gon' do, what I do
I'm gon' say, what I say
I'm gon' live how I live - how do you want a nigga to live?
[2Pac]
Y'know you really can't say that ya blame niggaz
Fuck bein tame, set aflame, time to aim triggers
2Pac'll spark a revolution, fuck the Constitution
I want my bucks for restitution
This time you got a bigger problem
Time to face the niggaz from South Central, Oakland, Brooklyn and Harlem
And we ain't shootin at each other
That's my motherfuckin brother, so Dave Duke, run for cover
And all the bitches from the Klan
Come feel the wrath of a black man that doesn't smoke crack and
I don't drink St. Ides (fuck that!)
Genuine Draft, ganja ganja, and my fuckin tec-9
They know they scared to see us sober
Stop drinkin King Cobra, and niggaz'll take the world over
It's all up to you (up to you)
Blame the Korean, blame the jew, or be a crooked nigga too
[Chorus]
[2Pac]
Aiyyo! Why me? Play like Jasmine Guy and try me
I'll be damned if I die, come look at the rage in my eyes G
They got my homies in a jail cell
And it's the Rebel and the Devil, and one of us is goin to Hell
I got the whole place covered, with loc'd out brothers
And nuttin but love for each other
So motherfucker make a motion
I give a fuck, slice you up, and throw your ass in the ocean
Temperatures drop; see it's cool to shoot a nigga
but they hate it when we pop the cops
That's when they gettin petrol
You better watch your step or you'll be left on death row
But I learn to look ahead of me
Stay strapped watch your back keep your eyes on the enemy
We blowin up precincts and OOOH
You can't fuck with the crew, of crooked nigga too
[Chorus]
[Raphael Saadiq]
It's the coldest town from here to Georgia
(I'm a crooked nigga too)
It's the coldest town from here to Georgia
It's the coldest town from here to Georgia
(I'm a crooked.. crooked nigga too)
It's the coldest town from here to Georgia
Y'all gon' stop fuckin with me
[Chorus - repeat to fade]