- published: 10 Nov 2015
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The 405-line monochrome analogue television broadcasting system was the first fully electronic television system to be used in regular broadcasting.
It was introduced with the BBC Television Service in 1936, suspended for the duration of World War II, and remained in operation in the UK until 1985. It was also used between 1961 and 1982 in Ireland, as well as from 1957 to 1973 for the Rediffusion Television cable service in Hong Kong.
Sometimes called the Marconi-EMI system, it was developed in 1934 by the EMI Research Team led by Sir Isaac Shoenberg. The figure of 405 lines had been chosen following discussions over Sunday lunch at the home of Alan Blumlein. The system used interlacing; EMI had been experimenting with a 243 line all-electronic interlaced system since 1933. In the 405 system the scanning lines were broadcast in two complementary fields, 50 times per second, creating 25 frames per second. The actual image was 377 lines high and interlaced, with additional unused lines making the frame up to 405 lines to give the slow circuitry time to prepare for the next frame; in modern terms it would be described as 377i.
Engineering Announcements for the Radio and Television Trade, sometimes abbreviated to Engineering Announcements, was a weekly magazine of news and information intended for technicians and salespeople in the United Kingdom, produced and transmitted by the Independent Television Authority (and later the Independent Broadcasting Authority) from 23 November 1970 until 31 July 1990. It covered technical advances in the industry such as the launch of satellite television and NICAM stereo, along with details of new transmitters and the scheduling of transmitter downtime.
Engineering Announcements, and the BBC's similar Service Information, are examples of regularly scheduled "ghost programmes," so called because they were never advertised in on-air schedules, in newspaper TV listings, the TV Times or on teletext.
Engineering Announcements was originally scheduled directly after Monday's Newcomers, another example of a ghost programme which offered the advertising trade the opportunity to watch first runs of new adverts before they aired in prime time on ITV. It was shown at 9.45am.
Year 405 (CDV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Stilicho and Anthemius (or, less frequently, year 1158 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 405 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
The End may refer to:
This recording was made in the at Lime Grove Studios in London on January 3, 1985. It depicts the final moments of over-the-air 405 transmission from the Crystal Palace transmitter. The TV receiver is a model T-18 Baird set manufactured in 1938. The set is actually working and picking up the transmission via a VHF roof top antenna at the studio.
"Duck Soup" just finished and before closedown there's just enough time to see tomorrow's schedule, to have a look at the weather and a issue a quick reminder that tomorrow is the last day of transmission on 405 lines. Dated as Wednesday January 2nd 1985.
BBC television started in November 1936 and broadcast until the start of WWII in September 1939. Broadcasts restarted in 1946. This film shows the use of the original EMI studio and transmission equipment. The film is being displayed on a 1937 HMV901 television.
Nigel Hunt looks at a vintage Dynatron 405 Line TV from 1959. This set (which contains an Echo chassis) was purchased by the Hunt family in 1959. It was first used in Burnley, Lancs, using Holme Moss for BBC (Ch2) & Winter Hill for ITV (Granada weekdays & ABC TV at weekends) (Ch9). At this distance from the transmitters an outdoor aerial was required. In 1962 the family moved to Bury, Lancs. The same transmitters were used, but as they were now closer, a loft aerial was adequate. From Bury it was possible to get a weak (sound only) signal from Emley Moor (Ch10 - Granada Yorkshire region) and, if conditions were good, it would pick up (sound only) from Sutton Coldfield (Ch8 - ATV). In the late 60s the Holme Moss signal, though still covering the whole North of England, now carried...
From the http://www.transdiffusion.org/ archives... It's January 1985 and here's the first IBA Engineering Announcements for 1985, largely given over to noting that the last black and white Band I/III VHF 405-line transmitters in the UK have just been switched off. The feature on the 405-line transmitters was originally broadcast in the last Engineering Announcements of December 1984 which can be seen here https://youtu.be/rq7nASFZhhk albeit in terrible multigeneration quality.
From the http://www.transdiffusion.org/ archives... IBA Engineering Announcements devote almost an entire programme to saying goodbye to 405-line black and white television early in the new year. Multigenerational VHS, so not always of the best quality. The feature on the end of 405-lines can be seen in a first generation copy of the first Engineering Announcements of 1985 here: https://youtu.be/GHLexq4reF0 Introductory music: Current Affairs by Francis Monkman. Listen on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/track/0jAAWUL0L3MMqkgYGPZwkV
This clip was recorded on January 3, 1985 and includes the announcement of the end of 405 television transmission. Note the television is a fully operational 1938 Baird model T-18, located at Lime Grove Studios and receiving the broadcast by antenna. When BBC 1 Continuity cut to the set, the television is receiving and displaying an image of itself!
Broke niggas make the best crooks, ya best look
Over your shoulder if you's a high roller
Broke muthafuckas, they make the best crooks
Broke muthafuckas, they make the best crooks
Let's see how your vest look, see if it fits ya
Picture four hideous hustlas quick to lick the silliest bustas
I played the roll and ready to fold fix bitches in gold is a no-no
Livin' low like de la soul it's the 'O'
And the folks don't understand, yes you can
Rush, shake the van and catch the Ice Cream Man
They know me as the loyal citizen, the boy who visited hot
But on the spot I'm more chillier than Dennis-in finishin' up my zip
Quick to make my grip you fuck around and get licked
By the Luni click so that means bitches can't fade me
Fuck lobster, I'm fuckin up yo monkey like the monsta on aliens
I got work someone told knumskullin rollin'
Four man deep in a stolen jeep wit' heat
Keep the space between niggas and me ever
What? Ballin' outta control? Nah, petty theivin'
Leavin' no evidence or clues bitch you gets a date wit yo moms
But you gets robbed by the luniz fool
If I was a bum I'd be straight to ride out
Fuck a piece of the pie I take the whole cake and sky out
Broke niggas make the best crooks, ya best look
Over your shoulder if you's a high roller
Knuckle head fool wit that master plan
Yeah, got my glock caulked wit my yay in my hand
Understand, I'm bigger than fourth indo man
That rappin' nigga also known as Mr. Window Man
'Cause when I roll nigga I rolls deep
I be killin' muthafuckas in they sleep
So punk P, the situation is I skipped it
No set trip got the glock caulked
Keepin' the tech on the hip like a pro
Deep up on the slope pick up the pace
Wit no time to waste put my gun to his fuckin' face
Action-packed wit my shit it's the poetry
Kickin' this psycho shit wit my click, so you knows of me
It's goin' down I'm all about my mail
Wit my g's flipped from keys
Equals dope I'm a sale client-tell
Got me on top wit raps a crook
But all you ever get is cum in yo little lungs
So mutha fuckas took they last look
I'm broke, I'm sellin check books
'Cause broke niggas make the best crooks
Broke niggas make the best crooks, ya best look
Over your shoulder if you's a high roller
Broke muthafuckas they make the best crooks
Broke muthafuckas they make the best crooks
Eh Bail, look who that? Who the fuck is that?
You're cocaine, give it to me, now what the fuck?
You, you must be snortin' some shit or something
What the fuck is that?
Let's go turn off all the lights
And make it seem like no ones home
Niggas comin' from the East side
'Bout to hoo ride and get stole
See the whole thang was a plot
'Cause that bitch you got, she gave me the scoop
12 o'clock Lexus coupe fill it up wit hella loot
Since your neighbors are all in my business
You niggas don't need to know who the fuck this is
Juss throw on a ski mask and then I dash this my last visit
And then I'm outtie 350 probably you niggas scared, don't stop me
I'm a pro when it comes to gangsta robberies
The Paraphernalia, The Niggas, The Killas, The Mobb
The Riggas, The Skrilla, The Dealas is doin' they job
Eclipse keeps clips, so don't you make 'em wanna blast nigga
I'd rather jack yo ass nigga than be a broke ass nigga
Broke niggas make the best crooks, ya best look
Over your shoulder if you's a high roller
Broke muthafuckas they make the best crooks
Broke muthafuckas they make the best crooks
Dope fiends in the kitchen smokin' on a pipe
Hustlas on the corner, shootin' dice
All of my folks in jail, raisin' hell
Got bitches on the whole stroll sellin' fruit cocktails
To clock mail fuck pimps ballas shot callas
All of us gots to get our money on
Oakland be's no joke it ain't no muthafuckin' funny bone
Sky out to your honey comb hideout money gone
Pullin' capers on fakes erase your papers like white out
Ain't no tryouts or basketball sports juss a crazy horse
My four-fifth strapped when shootin' craps on the porch
Back and fourth like Cameo I'm always Death Row
Even though I try I can't let go
Like Mariah Carey the four-fiver to blow shit up like Maguire's
Me be steadily Mobbin an robbin' a cab driver
Either be a broke ass, no cash havin your doe on I float on
Break more niggas than Ozone
What really goes on hops the props, I must clock
Hearin' no glock will have that ass holdin' like buckshots
Fuck cops I post on the block slangin' crack-noid
Avoid being broke I'm tradin' places wit Dan Akroyd
Broke niggas make the best crooks, ya best look
Over your shoulder if you's a high roller
Broke muthafuckas they make the best crooks