4–3 defense

In American football, a 4–3 defense is a defensive alignment consisting of four down linemen and three linebackers. It is probably the most commonly used defense in modern American football and especially in the National Football League.

History

Early in the history of the NFL, teams stacked the defensive line of scrimmage with seven linemen, typically using a 7-diamond or the 7-2. With the liberalization of the forward passing rules in 1933, the defenses began to evolve along with the offensive changes, and by the later 1930s, the standard defense in the NFL and college was the 6-2. The successes of the T formation and the introduction of free substitution (abolishing the one-platoon system) in the 1940s led to the almost universal adoption by 1950 of the five-man line. There were two versions popular in the NFL. The 5-3 was an older defense that remained popular through the 1940s and early 1950s. But by the late 1940s, Greasy Neale's defense was creating problems for offenses with a five-man line and four-man secondary. Roughly concurrently, Paul Brown had developed a vertical timing offense. The Browns won every championship of the rival All-America Football Conference from its inception in 1946 through 1949. In the first game of the 1950 season NFL Commissioner Bert Bell had the newly admitted Browns play the champion Philadelphia Eagles on a Saturday ahead of the rest of the league's scheduled Sunday games. The Browns handily won the game in Philadelphia 35–10 and showed they were a force to be reckoned with.

Jean-Luc Lemoine

Jean-Luc Lemoine (born April 6, 1970) is a French humorist, TV chronicler and presenter.

Early life

His first scene was on his high school stage, in front of 800 fellow students.

In 1993, he played at the théâtre de Blancs-Manteaux during 15 days and served as a columnist for Infos du Monde. He also started his TV career on local TV Téléssonne. The following year, he played a show during ten months, directed by Franck Dubosc.

Career

Since 2011, he is part of Touche pas à mon poste! on France 4 and then D8 when the talk show changed channel in 2012. Since then, he has a weekly column called Les Questions en 4/3. In 2015, his column became a TV special for one prime time.

In 2013, he joined Cyril Hanouna in his radio program Les pieds dans le plat broadcast on Europe 1.

References

External links

Cyril Hanouna

Cyril Valéry Hanouna (born 23 September 1974 in Paris) is a French radio and television presenter, writer, author, columnist, producer, singer and occasional actor and comedian of Tunisian origins.

Early life

He is the son of a general practitioner and a saleswoman arrived in France from Tunis in 1969. He first studied to become a doctor like his father. After having difficulties in high school, he decided to study management to become a chartered accountant but he gave up. Cyril Hanouna started his life as an oddjob man taking on jobs such as monitor camps, bank employee, vendor fabrics and door to door.

Career

Hanouna made his debut on television in 1999 on the television channel Comédie+ where he wrote the lyrics for the trailers. Hanouna became a television presenter in 2002 when he co-hosted the third series of La Grosse Émission alongside comedian duo Kad et Olivier. In February 2002 he was approached by RTL Radio In 2002 he hosted a radio show called Planet Arthur alongside Emmanuel Levy & Valérie Bénaïm. In 2003 he hosted the morning show on Morning Live on M6.

Four Thirds system

The Four Thirds System is a standard created by Olympus and Eastman Kodak for digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) and mirrorless camera design and development.

The system provides a standard that, with digital cameras and lenses available from multiple manufacturers, allows for the interchange of lenses and bodies from different manufacturers. U.S. Patent 6,910,814 seems to cover the standard. Proponents describe it as an open standard, but companies may only use it under a non-disclosure agreement.

Unlike older single-lens reflex (SLR) systems, Four Thirds was designed from the start to be entirely digital. Many lenses are extensively computerized, to the point that Olympus offers firmware updates for many of them. Lens design has been tailored to the requirements of digital sensors, most notably through telecentric designs. The size of the sensor is significantly smaller than for most DSLRs and this implies that lenses, especially telephoto lenses, can be smaller. For example, a Four Thirds lens with a 300 mm focal length would cover about the same angle of view as a 600 mm focal length lens for the 35 mm film standard, and is correspondingly more compact. Thus, the Four Thirds System has crop factor (focal length multiplier) of about 2, and while this enables longer focal length for greater magnification, it does not necessary aid the manufacture of wide angle lenses.