Sense and reference

Sinn and Bedeutung are usually translated, respectively, as sense and reference. Two different aspects of some terms' meanings, a term's reference is the object to which the term refers, while the term's sense is the way that the term refers to that object.

Sinn and Bedeutung were introduced by German philosopher and mathematician Gottlob Frege in his 1892 paper "Über Sinn und Bedeutung" ("On sense and reference"). Frege applied Bedeutung mainly to proper names and, in lesser extent, to sentences.

Though the distinction resides in philosophy of language, it enters philosophy's other areas, including philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and metaethics.

Motivation for and development of the distinction

Frege's distinction rejects a view put forth by John Stuart Mill, according to which a proper name has no meaning above and beyond the object to which it refers (its referent or reference). That is, the word "Aristotle" just means Aristotle, that person, and no more. It does not mean "The writer of De Anima." Hence, the sentence Aristotle was Greek says only that that person was Greek. It does not say that the writer of De Anima was Greek. That is, it permits that Aristotle might not have written De Anima. More generally, for any given proposition about Aristotle, one can use the name without believing that proposition to be true of Aristotle.

Sinn (river)

The Sinn is a river that flows through the state of Hesse and the Bavarian province of Lower Franconia in southern Germany. It is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) long and is a right, northerly tributary of the Franconian Saale.

Course

The Sinn emerges in the Franconian Rhön at the foot of the Kreuzberg near the local subdistrict (Gemarkung) of Neuwildflecken. At Zeitlofs on the Hessian-Lower Franconian border it flows into the Schmale Sinn which joins it from the Dammersfeldkuppe to the northeast.

Accompanied in places by the Würzburg−Fulda railway and crossed by the A 7 motorway bridge below Riedenberg, the Sinn initially flows in a southwesterly and then in a southerly direction to Gemünden, where it joins the Franconian Saale just under 700 m before the latter river discharges into the River Main.

Tributaries

The tributaries of the Sinn include (in downstream order): Oberbach, Schmale Sinn, Gronau, Jossa and Aura.

Towns and villages

The towns and villages along the Sinn and Schmaler Sinn include (in downstream order):

Sinn (disambiguation)

Sinn may be a reference to:

Whisky

Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash. Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn (maize), rye, and wheat. Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, generally made of charred white oak.

Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types. The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.

Etymology

The word whisky (or whiskey) is an anglicisation of the Classical Gaelic word uisce (or uisge) meaning "water" (now written as uisce in Irish Gaelic, and uisge in Scottish Gaelic). Distilled alcohol was known in Latin as aqua vitae ("water of life"). This was translated to Classical Gaelic as Irish: uisce beatha/Scottish Gaelic: uisge beatha "water of life". Early forms of the word in English included uskebeaghe (1581), usquebaugh (1610), usquebath (1621), usquebae (1715).

Whiskey (play)

Whiskey is a one-act play by Terrence McNally.

Production history

Whiskey premiered Off-Broadway at Theater at Saint Clements's Church on April 29, 1973 and closed on May 6, 1973. Directed by Kevin O'Connor, it starred Tom Rosqui (as I. W. Harper), Charlotte Rae (as Tia Maria), Beeson Carroll (as Johnny Walker), Susan Browning (as Southern Comfort), and Michael Sacks (as Jack Daniels).

Plot

One of many McNally plays to explore his Texas roots, the play is set in Houston, and involves a cowboy troupe called the Lush Thrushes, the five members of a TV show, all named after iconic American liquors, and their performing horse Whiskey. The character's names are I. W. Harper, Tia Maria, Johnny Walker, Southern Comfort, and Jack Daniels. All five characters are drunk throughout the play and end up burning to death in a hotel fire. Only the bad tempered horse Whiskey survives. In an epilogue we see the five dead cowboys and cowgirls in heaven, all dressed in white, still drinking, and bemoaning the fact that Whiskey will now have the show all to himself.

Whisky (disambiguation)

Whisky (Scottish English; otherwise whiskey) is an alcoholic beverage.

Whisky or whiskey may refer to:

In media

Music

Other