The Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore was founded by Sir C. V. Raman, and was registered as a Society on 24 April 1934. Inaugurated on 31 July 1934, it began with 65 founding fellows. The first general meeting of Fellows, held on the same day, elected Professor Raman as President, and adopted the constitution of the Academy. The Academy situated at Bangalore has over 800 Fellows, 45 Honorary Fellows and 30 Associates, as of 2006.^{[citation needed]}

The aims of the Academy are to

The first issue of the Academy Proceedings appeared in two sections in July 1934. They were split into two in July 1935 - one part devoted to physical sciences and the other to life sciences. In 1973 the Academy's publications were further split into several journals aimed as specific scientific disciplines.

The Academy publishes a monthly journal called Resonance since January 1996. Aimed generally at under-graduates, it also contains some material for junior and senior academic levels. Each issue focuses on the life and work of a famous scientist. It incorporates articles reviewing new books and classics. The Editorial Board comprises 40 scientists from across the country.

An Academy of Sciences is a national academy or another learned society dedicated to sciences.

In non-English speaking countries, the range of academic fields of the members of a national Academy of Science often includes fields which would not normally be classed as "science" in English. Many languages use a broad term for systematized learning which includes both natural and social sciences and fields such as literary studies, history, art history etc. which are not typically labelled "sciences" in English. This can be illustrated by contrasting examples from the English speaking world and the non-English speaking world. The Australian Academy of Sciences is an organization of natural scientists, reflecting the English use of the term "scientist." There are separate academies for Arts, Humanities and Social Science. The Hungarian "Academy of Science" (Magyar Tudományos Akadémia) however, has members drawn from many other areas of academia, including those not considered science in English. What has presumably happened is that the Hungarian term "tudomány" has been translated as "science" - in a broad sense as it was used in English 200 years ago, and is still used in French and other languages.

Dipankar Banerjee is a retired Major General of the Indian Army and an eminent defence, foreign policy, and strategic studies expert based in India. He is presently the Founding Director of the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, India’s leading independent defence policy, foreign policy and strategic studies think tank based in Indian capital New Delhi.

General Banerjee served in the Indian Army for 36 years until his voluntary retirement in 1996. During his service he held many key command, staff and instructional appointments in India and attended the Staff College in Camberley, UK. His last active command in the army was as the Divisional Commander in Kashmir during 1991–1992. He has taught tactics and strategy at the Indian Military Academy, the College of Combat and the Defence Services Staff College in India. In recognition of his distinguished service to the Indian Army, General Banerjee received the prestigious military honour Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (Highly Distinguished Service Medal) from the President of India.

Madhav Gadgil (born 1942 Pune ) is an Indian ecologist.

He was born in Pune, Maharashtra studied biology at University of PUNE and University of Mumbai before doing a Ph.D. thesis in the area of mathematical ecology at Harvard University. He has been an IBM Fellow of the Computing Centre, Research Fellow in Applied Mathematics and a Lecturer in Biology at Harvard University.

From 1973 to 2004 he was on the faculty of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore where he founded the Centre for Ecological Sciences [1]. He has also served as a Visiting Professor at Stanford and as a Distinguished Visiting Lecturer at the University of California, Berkeley.

Prof. Madhav Gadgil's research interests include population biology, conservation biology, human ecology and ecological history and he has published over 215 research papers and 6 books, "This Fissured Land" and "Ecology and Equity", "Diversity : The cornerstone of life" , "Nurturing Biodiversity: An Indian Agenda" “ Ecological Journeys”,and “People’s Biodiversity Registers: A Methodology Manual”. Two of his research papers have been recognized as citation classics. He writes regularly for popular media in English and Indian languages.

Obaid Siddiqi, National Research Professor at TIFR National Center for Biological Sciences, works on the genetics and neurobiology of Drosophila. He was born in 1932 in Uttar Pradesh and educated at Aligarh Muslim University and the University of Glasgow. He did post doctoral research at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, the University of Pennsylvania, and the MRC Laboratory in Cambridge. At the invitation of Homi Bhabha, he set up the Molecular Biology Unit at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Bombay in 1962. Thirty years later, he became the founding director of the TIFR National Center for Biological Sciences in Bangalore, where he continues to do research.

Obaid Siddiqi’s early work was in plant embryology at Aligarh and wheat genetics at the Indian Agricultural Institute in Delhi. At Glasgow University he did research for his Ph. D. with Guido Pontecorvo on microbial genetics. He mapped the fine genetic structure of the paba gene and discovered polarized negative interference in crossing-over. Later he showed that recombinant bacteria inherit labeled DNA of biparental origin. Siddiqi and his colleagues demonstrated that recombinant molecules can arise from conserved unreplicated DNA. In 1961, Siddiqi and Garen discovered suppressor of nonsense mutations in the gene for alkaline phosphatase. This work led to the elucidation of the stop codons in the genetic code and the mechanism of chain termination during protein synthesis.