Köppen climate classification

Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Russian German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936. Later, German climatologist Rudolf Geiger collaborated with Köppen on changes to the classification system, which is thus sometimes referred to as the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system.

In the 1960s the Trewartha climate classification system was considered a modified Köppen system that addressed some of the deficiencies (mostly that the middle latitude climate zone was too broad) of the Köppen system.

The system is based on the concept that native vegetation is the best expression of climate. Thus, climate zone boundaries have been selected with vegetation distribution in mind. It combines average annual and monthly temperatures and precipitation, and the seasonality of precipitation.

Scheme

The Köppen climate classification scheme divides climates into five main groups (A, B, C, D, E), each having several types and subtypes. Each particular climate type is represented by a two- to four-letter symbol.

Climate classification

Climate classification systems are ways of classifying the world's climates. A climate classification may correlate closely with a biome category, as climate is a major influence on biological life in a region. The most popular classification scheme is probably the Köppen climate classification scheme.

Climate classification systems include:

See also

Chapter 8 (band)

Chapter 8 was a Detroit soul group of the 1970s and '80s formed by Michael J. Powell and David Washington. Anita Baker was featured as lead vocalist on their first, self-titled album on Ariola entitled Chapter 8 in 1979, produced by Michael and Derek. Their second album, This Love's for Real was released on Beverley Glen Records in 1985, and their third album, Forever, followed on Capitol Records in 1988.

History

The group was started in Detroit, Michigan in the late 70's. Derek Dirckson became the band leader after James Mitchell asked Derek to play drums with Chapter 8, who were at the time the backup Band for the Detroit Emeralds. In 1979 Derek Dirckson and Michael Powell produced the first album expanding the groups roster to include Anita Baker, Gerald Lyles, David Washington, Van Cephus, Courtlen Hale, Scott Guthrie, and Alan Nance. In 1985 Valerie Pinkston replaced Anita as the lead vocalist and was featured on This Love's For Real.

As Chapter 8 was the launching pad for Anita Baker, so was it for Michael J. Powell who went on to produce Anita Baker's Rapture, Giving You The Best That I Got, and Compositions albums as well as producing Carylon Crawford, Regina Bell, Peabo Bryson, James Ingram and David Peaston. Many of the Chapter 8 group members can be found performing on these 80's recording masterpieces.