- published: 02 Mar 2010
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The Kingdom of Iraq (Arabic: المملكة العراقية al-Mamlakah al-‘Irāqiyyah) was founded on 23 August 1921 under British administration following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Mesopotamian campaign of WWI. Although a League of Nations mandate was awarded to Britain in 1920, the 1920 Iraqi revolt resulted in the scrapping of the original mandate plan in favor of a British administered semi-independent kingdom, under the Hashemite allies of Britain, via the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty. The kingdom of Iraq was granted full independence in 1932, following the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty (1930). The independent Iraqi Kingdom under the Hashemite rulers underwent a period of turbulence through its entire existence. Establishment of Sunni religious domination in Iraq was followed by Assyrian, Yazidi and Shi'a unrests, which were all brutally suppressed. In 1936, the first military coup took place in the Kingdom of Iraq, as Bakr Sidqi succeeded in replacing the acting Prime Minister with his associate. Multiple coups followed in a period of political instability, peaking in 1941.
The Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration or Mandatory Iraq (Arabic: الانتداب البريطاني على العراق al-Intidāb al-Brīṭānī ‘Alá al-‘Irāq) was created in 1921 following the 1920 Iraqi Revolt against the proposed British Mandate of Mesopotamia, and enacted via the 1922 Anglo-Iraqi Treaty.
Faisal ibn Husayn, who had been proclaimed King of Syria by a Syrian National Congress in Damascus in March 1920, was ejected by the French in July of the same year. Faisal was then granted by the British the territory of Iraq, to rule it as a kingdom, with the British Royal Air Force (RAF) retaining certain military control, though de facto; the territory remained under British administration until 1932.
The civil government of postwar Iraq was headed originally by the High Commissioner, Sir Percy Cox, and his deputy, Colonel Arnold Wilson. British reprisals after the murder of a British officer in Najaf failed to restore order. The most striking problem facing the British was the growing anger of the nationalists, who continued to fight against the imposition of British authority. British administration had yet to be established in Iraqi Kurdistan.
Coordinates: 33°N 44°E / 33°N 44°E / 33; 44
Iraq (/ɪˈræk/, i/ɪˈrɑːk/, or /aɪˈræk/; Arabic: العراق al-‘Irāq, Kurdish: Êraq), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic: جمهورية العراق Jumhūrīyat al-‘Irāq; Kurdish: كۆماری عێراق Komar-i ‘Êraq), is a country in Western Asia. The country borders Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. The southern part of Iraq is within the Arabian Peninsula. The capital, Baghdad, is in the centre of the country and its largest city. The largest ethnic groups in Iraq are Arabs and Kurds. Other ethnic groups include Assyrians, Turkmen, Shabakis, Yazidis, Armenians, Mandeans, Circassians, and Kawliya. Around 95% of the country's 36 million citizens are Shia or Sunni Muslims, with Christianity, Yarsan, Yezidism, and Mandeanism also present.
Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km (36 mi) on the northern Persian Gulf and its territory encompasses the Mesopotamian Alluvial Plain, the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, and the eastern part of the Syrian Desert. Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run south through the centre of Iraq and flow into the Shatt al-Arab near the Persian Gulf. These rivers provide Iraq with significant amounts of fertile land.
Mesopotamia (/ˌmɛsəpəˈteɪmiə/, from the Ancient Greek: Μεσοποταμία "[land] between rivers"; from Ancient Armenian՝ Միջագետք(Mijagetq), Arabic: بلاد الرافدين bilād ar-rāfidayn; Persian: میانرودان miyān rodān; Syriac: ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ Beth Nahrain "land of rivers") is a name for the area of the Tigris–Euphrates river system, roughly corresponding to modern-day Iraq, Syria and Kuwait, including regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.
Widely considered to be the one of the cradles of civilization by the Western world, Bronze Age Mesopotamia included Sumer and the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian empires, all native to the territory of modern-day Iraq. In the Iron Age, it was controlled by the Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian Empires.
The indigenous Sumerians and Akkadians (including Assyrians and Babylonians) dominated Mesopotamia from the beginning of written history (c. 3100 BC) to the fall of Babylon in 539 BC, when it was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire. It fell to Alexander the Great in 332 BC, and after his death, it became part of the Greek Seleucid Empire.
The Iraqi Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العراقية al-Jumhūrīyah al-‘Irāqīyah) was a state forged in 1958 under the rule of President Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i and Prime Minister Abd al-Karim Qasim. ar-Ruba'i and Qasim first came to power through the 14 July Revolution in which the Kingdom of Iraq's Hashemite monarchy was overthrown. As a result, the Kingdom and the Arab Federation were dissolved and the Iraqi republic established. The era ended with the Ba'athist rise to power in 1968.
Iraq reverted to control over the territory of the former Kingdom of Iraq and Jordan again became an independent entity.
Qasim specifically sited the north-south territorial limits from its highest point in the North and lowest point in the South identified in the regime's popular slogan as being "From Zakho in the North to Kuwait in the South", Zakho referring to the border then-and-now between Iraq and Turkey. The Qasim government in Iraq and its supporters supported Kurdish irredentism towards what they called "Kurdistan that is annexed to Iran", implying that Iraq supported unification of Iranian Kurdistan into Iraqi Kurdistan. The Qasim government did not hold territorial claims to Kurdish territories in Turkey, as the Qasim government roughly defined what it considered Iraq's borders in the regime's popular slogan: "From Zakho in the North to Kuwait in the South", Zakho referring to the border then-and-now between Iraq and Turkey. The Qasim government held an irredentist claim to Khuzestan. It held irredentist claims to Kuwait.
The Royal Salute Es Salaam al-Malaky وتحية رويال Flag adopted in 1924
***This video make for Historical Education onlym not copyright sound, image, video*** ***As-Salam al-Malaki don't have Lyrics*** [ ภาษาไทย ] "As-Salam al-Malaki" (อาหรับ: السلامالملكي,อังกฤษ : "The Salute Royal" ไทย : เพลงสรรเสริญพระบารมี) เป็นเพลงชาติของราชอาณาจักรอิรักจากปี 1932 ถึง 1958 [ English ] "As-Salam al-Malaki" (Arabic: السلام الملكي, literally "The Royal Salute") was the national anthem of the Kingdom of Iraq from 1932 to 1958. ***ถ้ามีการตัดต่อหรือการกระทำใดทั้งสิ้นเกิดข้อผิดพลาด ต้องขออภัยมา ณ ที่นี้ด้วยนะครับ*** #IRAQIKINGDOM #IRAQ #HISTORICALANTHEM
[ ภาษาไทย ] "As-Salam al-Malaki" (อาหรับ: السلامالملكي,อังกฤษ : "The Salute Royal" ไทย : เพลงสรรเสริญพระบารมี) เป็นเพลงชาติของราชอาณาจักรอิรักจากปี 1932 ถึง 1958 [ English ] "As-Salam al-Malaki" (Arabic: السلام الملكي, literally "The Royal Salute") was the national anthem of the Kingdom of Iraq from 1932 to 1958. ======================================================== #KingdomofIraq#IRAQ#NationalAnthem
"As-Salam al-Malaki" (Arabic: السلام الملكي, literally "The Royal Salute") was the former national anthem of Iraq from 1924 to 1958.
"As-Salam al-Malaki" was the national anthem of the Kingdom of Iraq from 1932 to 1958. It was composed by Iraqi Army Band director Lieutenant A. Chaffon in 1924, a British military officer.
Anthem Zone The Kingdom of Iraq (Arabic: المملكة العراقية al-Mamlakah al-‘Irāqiyyah) was founded on 23 August 1921 under British administration following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Mesopotamian campaign of World War I.
0:03 Baghdad Vilayet 2:27 Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration 1921–1932 3:12 As-Salam al-Malak 1932–1958 4:05 Mawtini 1958–1965 4:42 Walla Zaman Ya Selahy 1965–1981 10:12 Ardh ul-Furatayn 1981–2003 13:50 Mawtini 2003–2004 14:34 Mawtini 2004–present
As-Salam al-Malaki (The Royal Salute, alternative known as Peace to the King) was the national anthem of the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq from 1924 til the military coup which overthrew the monarchy in 1958. The anthem had no lyrics. Pictured: King Faisal II
Check out this fascinating insight into Iraq in the 1950s. It is a country that is steeped in a rich history and culture. The very beginnings of civilisation started here. It is where man began cultivating the land and where writing was conceived. It even used to be a tourist hot spot. For Archive Licensing Enquiries Visit: https://goo.gl/W4hZBv Explore Our Online Channel For FULL Documentaries, Fascinating Interviews & Classic Movies: https://goo.gl/7dVe8r #BritishPathé #History #Iraq #Baghdad #1950s #Fifties #MiddleEast Watch another video about Iraq in the 1950s here: https://goo.gl/nHej7M Subscribe to the British Pathé YT Channel: https://goo.gl/hV1nkf This film is actually a shortened version of our Ageless Iraq reels 1 & 2 which you can see here: Reel 1: https://goo.gl/5NW20J ...
Source:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5T-iW74HYQ
The Kingdom of Iraq (Arabic: المملكة العراقية al-Mamlakah al-‘Irāqiyyah) was founded on 23 August 1921 under British administration following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Mesopotamian campaign of WWI. Although a League of Nations mandate was awarded to Britain in 1920, the 1920 Iraqi revolt resulted in the scrapping of the original mandate plan in favor of a British administered semi-independent kingdom, under the Hashemite allies of Britain, via the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty. The kingdom of Iraq was granted full independence in 1932, following the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty (1930). The independent Iraqi Kingdom under the Hashemite rulers underwent a period of turbulence through its entire existence. Establishment of Sunni religious domination in Iraq was followed by Assyrian, Yazidi and Shi'a unrests, which were all brutally suppressed. In 1936, the first military coup took place in the Kingdom of Iraq, as Bakr Sidqi succeeded in replacing the acting Prime Minister with his associate. Multiple coups followed in a period of political instability, peaking in 1941.