Electoral district of Taylor

Taylor is an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. This district is named after Doris Irene Taylor MBE, a leading force in the founding of Meals on Wheels, and Labor activist. Taylor is a 249.8 km² semi-urban electorate in Adelaide's far northern suburbs and fringe farmland. A large portion of the district lives in its southern edges, corresponding to the northern fringes of Adelaide. It includes the suburbs of Andrews Farm, Bolivar, Buckland Park, Burton, Direk, Edinburgh, Edinburgh North, Lewiston, MacDonald Park, Penfield, Penfield Gardens, St Kilda, Virginia, Waterloo Corner, and parts of Paralowie, Port Gawler and Salisbury North.

Taylor was created as a safe Labor seat for the 1993 state election between the northern metropolitan seats of Ramsay and Goyder, and was won by the defeated Labor Premier Lynn Arnold. He resigned in 1994, triggering a Taylor by-election which saw Trish White retain the seat for Labor.

Electoral district

An electoral district (also known as a constituency, riding, ward, division, electoral area or electorate) is a territorial subdivision for electing members to a legislative body. Generally, only voters (constituents) who reside within the district are permitted to vote in an election held there. From a single district, a single member or multiple members might be chosen. Members might be chosen by a first past the post system or a proportional representative system, or another method entirely. Members might be chosen through an election with universal suffrage or an indirect election, or some other method.

Terminology

Taylor Swift

Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Raised in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, she moved to Nashville, Tennessee, at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music. She signed with the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest songwriter ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house. The release of Swift's eponymous debut album in 2006 marked the start of her career as a country music singer. Her third single, "Our Song", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart.

Swift's second album, Fearless, was released in 2008. Buoyed by the pop crossover success of the singles "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me", Fearless became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States. The album won four Grammy Awards, making Swift the youngest ever Album of the Year winner. Swift's third and fourth albums, 2010's Speak Now and 2012's Red, both sold more than one million copies within the first week of their U.S release. Speak Now's "Mean" won two Grammy Awards, while Red's singles "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" and "I Knew You Were Trouble" were successful worldwide. Swift's fifth album, the pop-focused 1989, was released in 2014 and sold more copies in its opening week than any album in the previous 12 years, making Swift the first and only act to have three albums sell more than one million copies in the opening release week. Its singles "Shake It Off", "Blank Space", and "Bad Blood" reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100. The album would go on to win three awards at the 2016 Grammys including Album of the Year making Swift the first and thus far only female artist to receive the award twice.

Taylor

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By-election

By-elections (known as special elections in the United States) are elections to fill political offices that have become vacant between general elections.

In most cases these elections occur when the incumbent died or resigned, but they also occur when the incumbent becomes ineligible to continue in office (because of a recall, ennoblement, criminal conviction, or failure to maintain a minimum attendance). Less commonly, these elections have been called when a constituency election is invalidated by voting irregularities.

In the United States, these contests have been called "special elections" because they do not always occur on Election Day like regular congressional elections. Despite their name, however, special elections to the U.S. House happen quite often. Furthermore, one published study shows that special elections are explained by the same factors as regular congressional elections.

Origins

The procedure for filling a vacant seat was developed during the Reformation Parliament of the 16th century by Thomas Cromwell, previously a seat had remained empty upon the death of a member. Cromwell devised a new election that would be called by the king at a time of the king's choosing. This made it a simple matter to ensure the seat rewarded an ally of the crown.