- published: 15 May 2014
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Eleanor of Aquitaine (French: Aliénor/Éléonore; 1122 or 1124 – 1 April 1204) was one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in western Europe during the High Middle Ages and a member of the Ramnulfid dynasty of rulers in southwestern France. She became Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right while she was still a child, then later Queen consort of France (1137–1152) and of England (1154–1189). She was the patron of literary figures such as Wace, Benoît de Sainte-Maure, and Bernart de Ventadorn.
Eleanor's succession to the duchy of Aquitaine in 1137 made her the most eligible bride in Europe. Three months after she became duchess, she married King Louis VII of France, son of her guardian, King Louis VI. As Queen of France, she participated in the unsuccessful Second Crusade. Soon after, Eleanor sought an annulment of her marriage, but her request was rejected by Pope Eugene III. However, after the birth of her second daughter Alix, Louis agreed to an annulment given that their union had not produced a son after fifteen years of marriage. The marriage was annulled on 11 March 1152 on the grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree. Their daughters were declared legitimate and custody was awarded to Louis, while Eleanor's lands were restored to her.
Aquitaine (English /ˈækwᵻteɪn/; French pronunciation: [akitɛn]; Occitan: Aquitània; Basque: Akitania; Spanish: Aquitania), archaic Guyenne/Guienne (Occitan: Guiana) was a traditional region of France, and was a administrative region of France until 1 January 2016. It is now part of the new region Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes. It is situated in the south-western part of Metropolitan France, along the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees mountain range on the border with Spain. It is composed of the five departments of Dordogne, Lot-et-Garonne, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Landes and Gironde. In the Middle Ages Aquitaine was a kingdom and a duchy, whose boundaries fluctuated considerably.
There are traces of human settlement by prehistoric peoples, especially in the Périgord, but the earliest attested inhabitants in the south-west were the Aquitani, who were not proper Celtic people, but more akin to the Iberians (see Gallia Aquitania). Although a number of different languages and dialects were in use in the area during ancient times, it is most likely that the prevailing language of Aquitaine during the late pre-historic to Roman period was an early form of the Basque language. This has been demonstrated by various Aquitanian names and words that were recorded by the Romans, and which are currently easily readable as Basque. Whether this Aquitanian language (Proto-Basque) was a remnant of a Vasconic language group that once extended much farther, or whether it was generally limited to the Aquitaine/Basque region is not known. One reason the language of Aquitaine is important is because Basque is the last surviving non-Indo-European language in western Europe and it has had some effect on the languages around it, including Spanish and, to a lesser extent, French.
Eleanor (usually pronounced /ˈɛlənɔːr/ in North America but /ˈɛlənə/ elsewhere, variants Elinor, Ellinor, Elenor, Eleanore, Eleanour, Eleonor(a) among others; short form Leonor and variants) is a feminine given name. It was the name of a number of women of the high nobility in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages, originally from a Provençal name Aliénor.
In modern times, the name was popularly given in the United States in the 1910s to 1920s, peaking at rank 25 in 1920. It declined below rank 600 by the 1970s, but has again risen above rank 150 in the early 2010s.
Common hypocorisms include Ella, Ellie, Elly (etc.), Leonor, Leonora, Leonore, Leanora, Lenora, (etc.) Nell, Nella, Nellie, Nelly, Nelda, Nelle, (etc.), Nora(h), Noreen, Norene, Nonie (etc.)
The name derives from the Provençal name Aliénor which became Eléanor or Eleonore in the northern Langue d'oïl and from there also to English.
The name probably originates as that of Eleanor of Aquitaine (1120s–-1204). She was the daughter of Aénor de Châtellerault, and it has been suggested that having been baptized Aenor after her mother, she was called alia Aenor, i.e. "the other Aenor" in childhood and would have kept that name in adult life; the name Aénor itself appears to be a Latinization of a Germanic name of uncertain form.
Henry II may refer to:
Glenn Close (born March 19, 1947) is an American film, television and stage actress. Throughout her long and varied career, she has been consistently acclaimed for her versatility and is widely regarded as one of the finest actresses of her generation. She has won three Emmy Awards, three Tony Awards and received six Academy Award nominations.
Close began her professional stage career in 1974 in Love for Love, and was mostly a New York stage actress through the rest of the 1970s and early 1980s, appearing in both plays and musicals, including the Broadway productions of Barnum in 1980 and The Real Thing in 1983, for which she won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. Her first film role was in The World According to Garp (1982), which she followed up with supporting roles in The Big Chill (1983), and The Natural (1984); all three earned her nominations for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She would later receive nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performances in Fatal Attraction (1987), Dangerous Liaisons (1988), and Albert Nobbs (2011). In the 1990s, she won two more Tony Awards, for Death and the Maiden in 1992 and Sunset Boulevard in 1995, while she won her first Emmy Award for the 1995 TV film Serving in Silence: The Margarethe Cammermeyer Story.
Actors: Mark Strong (actor), James Payton (actor), Danny Huston (actor), João Costa Menezes (actor), Robert Pugh (actor), Max von Sydow (actor), Ned Dennehy (actor), Ray Donn (actor), Lasco Atkins (actor), Russell Crowe (actor), Lee Nicholas Harris (actor), Gerard McSorley (actor), William Hurt (actor), Cate Blanchett (actress), Eileen Atkins (actress),
Plot: Birth of a legend. Following King Richard's death in France, archer Robin Longstride, along with Will Scarlett, Alan-a-Dale and Little John, returns to England. They encounter the dying Robert of Locksley, whose party was ambushed by treacherous Godfrey, who hopes to facilitate a French invasion of England. Robin promises the dying knight he will return his sword to his father Walter in Nottingham. Here Walter encourages him to impersonate the dead man to prevent his land being confiscated by the crown, and he finds himself with Marian, a ready-made wife. Hoping to stir baronial opposition to weak King John and allow an easy French take-over, Godfrey worms his way into the king's service as Earl Marshal of England and brutally invades towns under the pretext of collecting Royal taxes. Can Robin navigate the politics of barons, royals, traitors, and the French?
Keywords: 1190s, 12th-century, action-hero, adventure-hero, ambush, archer, army, arrow-through-neck, assuming-identity-of-a-dead-person, attacking-a-blind-manActors: Patrick Stewart (actor), Jean Bourne (miscellaneous crew), Andrey Konchalovskiy (director), Patrick Stewart (producer), Richard Hartley (composer), Béla Vaszary (miscellaneous crew), Consolata Boyle (costume designer), Glenn Close (actress), Jonathan Rhys Meyers (actor), Robert Halmi Jr. (producer), Robert Halmi Sr. (producer), Andrew Howard (actor), Henry Richardson (editor), Peter Hric (miscellaneous crew), Rafe Spall (actor),
Plot: King Henry II ('Patrick Stewart (I)' (qv)) keeps his wife, Eleanor ('Glenn Close' (qv)) locked away in the towers because of her frequent attempts to overthrow him. With Eleanor out of the way he can have his dalliances with his young mistress ('Yuliya Vysotskaya' (qv)). Needless to say the queen is not pleased, although she still has affection for the king. Working through her sons, she plots the king's demise and the rise of her second and preferred son, Richard ('Andrew Howard (I)' (qv)), to the throne. The youngest son, John ('Rafe Spall' (qv)), an overweight buffoon and the only son holding his father's affection is the king's choice after the death of his first son, young Henry. But John is also overly eager for power and is willing to plot his father's demise with middle brother, Geoffrey ('John Light (I)' (qv)) and the young king of France, Phillip ('Jonathan Rhys Meyers' (qv)). Geoffrey, of course sees his younger brother's weakness and sees that route as his path to power. Obviously political and court intrigue ensues.
Keywords: 12th-century, adultery, animal-in-title, arrest, based-on-play, battle, battlefield, boyfriend-girlfriend-relationship, british-royal-family, brother-brother-relationshipActors: Morgan Fairchild (actress), George Segal (actor), William Morgan Sheppard (actor), Derek Lyons (actor), Roger Ashton-Griffiths (actor), Steve Dent (actor), Roddy McDowall (actor), Harry Fielder (actor), Kenneth Griffith (actor), Roy Kinnear (actor), Tom Baker (actor), Robert Hardy (actor), Michael Hordern (actor), Freddie Jones (actor), Marianne Stone (actress),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Peter O'Toole (actor), Katharine Hepburn (actress), Pamela Carlton (miscellaneous crew), Joseph E. Levine (producer), John Bloom (editor), Timothy Dalton (actor), John Barry (composer), Kenneth Griffith (actor), Anthony Hopkins (actor), Joseph E. Levine (miscellaneous crew), Nigel Stock (actor), John Castle (actor), O.Z. Whitehead (actor), Nigel Terry (actor), Anthony Harvey (director),
Plot: Christmas 1183--an aging and conniving King Henry II plans a reunion where he hopes to name his successor. He summons the following people for the holiday: his scheming but imprisoned wife, Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine; his mistress, Princess Alais, whom he wishes to marry; his three sons (Richard, Geoffrey, and John), all of whom desire the throne; and the young but crafty King Philip of France (who is also Alais' brother). With the fate of Henry's empire at stake, everybody engages in their own brand of deception and treachery to stake their claim.
Keywords: 12th-century, adultery, animal-in-title, aristocrat, army, based-on-play, battle-of-the-sexes, beach, british-history, british-royal-family
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Duchess, Queen, Queen, and modern major General. Not bad for a 12th century woman. Of course, the life of a monarch is never a simple one and no marriage is without its hiccups. Happy Valentine's Day! Special thanks to Lily Jurskis for lending me her vocal cords. CGP Grey's video on the royal family: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNgP6d9HraI
Eleanor of Aquitaine was a duchess of the biggest duchy in France, queen of France, queen of England and a leader of the Crusade. All that as a woman in the 12th century. Subscribe to our channel to view more videos like this one: https://goo.gl/Y9RH3v Like the video if you enjoyed it and leave us your thoughts in the comments below! Eleanor was the heir of William X, the duke of Aquitaine, which is almost a third of today’s France and was a lot larger than the king’s territory. After the death of her father, Eleanor married Prince Louis, who became king after the death of King Louis the Fat. The Pope ordered for the Second Crusade to begin and wanted the new King Louis to command it. Louis accepted and Eleanor decided to come with her husband. During the crusade, Eleanor was influence...
PRINTS NOW AVAILABLE! http://www.cafepress.com/maludwigworks *Project requested by user/WinefrideofWales She was one of the most powerful women of the Middle Ages. As the daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine, the duchess (born 1122?) received a first-class education and was brought up in one of Europe's most aristocratic courts. The duchess became an heiress at the age of 15 after the death of her only brother and her father in 1137. Eleanor married Louis VII of France that same year and in the course of time bore him two daughters. Despite this, their marriage was fraught with problems, which was compounded by the fact that Louis was determined to have a son as an heir. Five years after Louis's failed crusade to Constantinople and Jerusalem, he and Eleanor divorced in 1152. Surprisingly r...
“Not in Alexandria, or Rome or Camelot has there been such a Queen,” are among the colorful words used to describe Queen Eleanor in this masterpiece. I have loved Kate Hepburn ever since I was a kid. For me she is perhaps the greatest American film actress, and this is I think her greatest triumph captured on film. For me she’s Eleanor. I am in the middle of an Alison Weir biography on the life of my favorite Queen, and decided to show my love for her various different re-incarnations across the film world. Glenn Close is one of the finest and most diverse actresses of today, and she continues to get better and better over the years. I had not originally paid much attention to this Eleanor when it first debuted on television, but I have come to watch her performance many, many times over ...
This video explores the life and legacy of Eleanor of Aquitaine. http://www.scottishgraillegacy.com/ Follow me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/The-Scottish-Grail-Legacy-571145636298080/ Follow me on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/deborahmclernon/
I had to make this longer video of Henry and Eleanor. They say Rosamund Clifford was Henry's true love but who really knows. Once the lust and desire faded away for Henry and Eleanor, the power struggle began Also, it didn't help that they had very ambitious sons. I am sure there was some love, I mean they had eight children together
One of first video projects for Mr Kowalewski's Honors World History Class. The great Dan Baxter and Jacob Rendall.
Ben Wright discusses "Renaissance Women". Featuring Boudica, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and Deborah Carroll. BB&C; (Big Ben and Company) airs Sundays at 2:00 pm CST on KUHS 97.9 FM, Hot Springs. Stream live at http://kuhsradio.org/stream.