ERP

ERP or Erp may refer to:

Medicine

People

Places

Politics and economics

Technology and Management

Erp (Germany)

Erp is a village in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It has about 2650 inhabitants (2006).

Location and appearance

Erp is located 25 km south-west of Cologne in an open and flat landscape about 125 metres above sea level. The municipal territory covers 1630 ha. The soil is a rich loess. The land outside the village is entirely used for agricultural purposes, with sugar beet, wheat, barley and potatoes being the main products. A small brook, the Erpa rises a few hundred meters west of the village and flows through it in an easterly direction.

Erp’s widely visible landmark is the high white tower of the St. Pantaleon’s church in the centre of the village. A large number of farm houses and buildings, many of which have been transformed into accommodation over the last years, still characterise the appearance of the village. A green band of meadows and gardens on both sides of the Erpa runs through the old centre. Many new buildings – mostly detached houses – built as of the 1960s around the old centre complete the picture.

Erp, Netherlands

Erp is a town in the southern Netherlands. It is located in the province of North Brabant, between 's-Hertogenbosch and Eindhoven. Before 1994, Erp was a municipality consisting of the town of Erp and the villages of Boerdonk and Keldonk, however after that year due to government reorganization, the municipality of Erp merged with the municipality of Veghel, to form one municipality under the latter's name. The area of the former municipality of Erp has a population of 6,663. The current municipality of Veghel has a population of 37,655.

The municipality of Veghel consists of the towns of Veghel & Erp and the villages of Boerdonk, Keldonk, Mariaheide, Zijtaart and Eerde. The town of Veghel is located a mere 3 miles northwest of Erp and other neighboring towns include Uden (north), Boekel (east), Gemert (southeast), Beek en Donk (south), and Sint-Oedenrode (west).

The town hall of Erp dates from 1791. It lost its main function when Erp was annexed to the municipality of Veghel in 1994. Both the town hall and the Saint Servatius Church are on the national list of historic preservation.

Hindi

Hindi (Hindi: हिन्दी hindī), sometimes spelled हिंदी, also called Modern Standard Hindi (Hindi: मानक हिन्दी mānak hindī), is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language. Hindi is the official language of the Union of India.

In the 2001 Indian census, 258 million people in India reported Hindi to be their native language. However, this number includes tens of millions of people who are native speakers of related languages but who consider their speech to be a dialect of Hindi.

Hindi is the fourth most natively spoken language in the world after Mandarin, Spanish and English.

Official status

Article 343 (1) of the Indian constitution states:

Article 351 of the Indian constitution states

It was envisioned that Hindi would become the sole working language of the Union Government by 1965 (per directives in Article 344 (2) and Article 351), with state governments being free to function in the language of their own choice. However, widespread resistance to the imposition of Hindi on non-native speakers, especially in South India (such as the those in Tamil Nadu), Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal, led to the passage of the Official Languages Act of 1963, which provided for the continued use of English indefinitely for all official purposes, although the constitutional directive for the Union Government to encourage the spread of Hindi was retained and has strongly influenced its policies.

HindIII

HindIII (pronounced "Hin D Three") is a type II site-specific deoxyribonuclease restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus influenzae that cleaves the DNA palindromic sequence AAGCTT in the presence of the cofactor Mg²⁺ via hydrolysis.

The cleavage of this sequence between the AA's results in 5' overhangs on the DNA called sticky ends:

5'-A |A G C T T-3'

3'-T T C G A| A-5'

Restriction endonucleases are used as defense mechanisms in prokaryotic organisms in the restriction modification system. Their primary function is to protect the host genome against invasion by foreign DNA, primarily bacteriophage DNA. There is also evidence that suggests the restriction enzymes may act alongside modification enzymes as selfish elements, or may be involved in genetic recombination and transposition.

Enzyme Structure

The structure of HindIII is complex, and consists of a homodimer. Like other type II restriction endonucleases, it is believed to contain a common structural core comprising four β-sheets and a single α-helix. Each subunit contains 300 amino acids and the predicted molecular mass is 34,950 Da. Despite the importance of this enzyme in molecular biology and DNA technology, little information is available concerning the mechanism of DNA recognition and phosphodiester bond cleavage. However, it is believed that HindIII utilizes a common mechanism of recognition and catalysis of DNA found in other type II enzymes such as EcoRI, BamHI, and BglII. These enzymes contain the amino acid sequence motif PD-(D/E)XK to coordinate Mg²⁺, a cation required to cleave DNA in most type II restriction endonucleases. The cofactor Mg²⁺ is believed to bind water molecules and carry them to the catalytic sites of the enzymes, among other cations. Unlike most documented type II restriction endonucleases, HindIII is unique in that it has little to no catalytic activity when Mg²⁺ is substituted for other cofactors, such as Mn²⁺.

Format

Format may refer to:

Computing:

Format (Common Lisp)

FORMAT is a function in Common Lisp that can produce formatted text using a format string similar to the printf format string. It provides more functionality than printf, allowing the user to output numbers in English, apply certain format specifiers only under certain conditions, iterate over data structures, and output in a tabular format. This functionally originates in MIT's Lisp Machine Lisp, where it was based on Multics ioa_.

Example

An example of a C printf call is the following:

Using Common Lisp, this is equivalent to:

Another example would be to print every element of list delimited with commas, which can be done using the ~{, ~^ and ~} directives:

Note that not only is the list of values iterated over directly by FORMAT, but the commas correctly are printed between items, not after them. A yet more complex example would be printing out a list using customary English phrasing:

Whilst FORMAT is somewhat infamous for its tendency to become opaque and hard to read, it provides a remarkably concise yet powerful syntax for a specialised and common need.