- published: 12 Mar 2017
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A court is a tribunal, often as governmental institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law. In both common law and civil law legal systems, courts are the central means for dispute resolution, and it is generally understood that all persons have an ability to bring their claims before a court. Similarly, the rights of those accused of a crime include the right to present a defense before a court.
The system of courts that interprets and applies the law is collectively known as the judiciary. The place where a court sits is known as a venue. The room where court proceedings occur is known as a courtroom, and the building as a courthouse; court facilities range from simple and very small facilities in rural communities to large buildings in cities.
The practical authority given to the court is known as its jurisdiction (Latin jus dicere) – the court's power to decide certain kinds of questions or petitions put to it. According to William Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England, a court is constituted by a minimum of three parties: the actor or plaintiff, who complains of an injury done; the reus or defendant, who is called upon to make satisfaction for it, and the judex or judicial power, which is to examine the truth of the fact, to determine the law arising upon that fact, and, if any injury appears to have been done, to ascertain and by its officers to apply a legal remedy. It is also usual in the superior courts to have barristers, and attorneys or counsel, as assistants, though, often, courts consist of additional barristers, bailiffs, reporters, and perhaps a jury.
A kangaroo court is a judicial tribunal or assembly that blatantly disregards recognized standards of law or justice, and often carries little or no official standing in the territory within which it resides. Merriam-Webster defines it as a "mock court in which the principles of law and justice are disregarded or perverted". The term may also apply to a court held by a legitimate judicial authority who intentionally disregards the court's legal or ethical obligations.
A kangaroo court is often held to give the appearance of a fair and just trial, even though the verdict has in reality already been decided before the trial has begun.
Although the term kangaroo court has been erroneously explained to have its origin from Australia's courts while it was a penal colony, the first published instance is from an American source in the year 1853. Some sources suggest that it may have been popularized during the California Gold Rush of 1849, along with mustang court, as a description of the hastily carried-out proceedings used to deal with the issue of claim jumping miners. Ostensibly the term comes from the notion of justice proceeding "by leaps", like a kangaroo. Another possibility is that the phrase could refer to the pouch of a kangaroo, meaning the court is in someone's pocket. The phrase is popular in the UK, US, Australia and New Zealand and is still in common use.
A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of many legal jurisdictions. Other descriptions for such courts include court of last resort, instance court, judgment court, apex court, and highest court of appeal. Broadly speaking, the decisions of a supreme court are not subject to further review by any other court. Supreme courts typically function primarily as appellate courts, hearing appeals from decisions of lower trial courts, or from intermediate-level appellate courts.
However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, which are all superseded by higher Courts of Appeal.
Darkest Dungeon is a roguelike, dungeon crawler video game created by indie game developer Red Hook Studios. The game, following an Early Access development period, was released on January 19, 2016 for Microsoft Windows and OS X, with a release for PlayStation 4, and PlayStation Vita consoles a few months later. Linux release is also planned at a later date.
Darkest Dungeon has the player manage a roster of heroes to explore dungeons below a gothic mansion the player has inherited. Played out in a mix of real-time movement and turn-based combat, a core feature of Darkest Dungeon is the stress level of each hero that increases with further exploration and combat; a character sustaining a high stress level may gain afflictions that will hamper, or possibly enhance, their performance as an explorer. This concept was drawn into the game by the developer based on film characters that suffer from the traumas of combat stress such as from Aliens or Band of Brothers.
At the outset of Darkest Dungeon, the player learns that they have inherited an estate from a relative who, while seeking fame and fortune by excavating the dungeons and catacombs beneath their manor, has unearthed portals to dark dimensions and released a number of horrific and evil creatures onto the world. Cowardly, the relative took his own life rather than deal with his mistake. As the current owner of the estate and the surrounding lands, the player must recruit a roster of adventurers and mount expeditions to cleanse the estate of its vile inhabitants.
A wedding cake is the traditional cake served at wedding receptions following dinner. In some parts of England, the wedding cake is served at a wedding breakfast, on the morning following the ceremony. In modern Western culture, the cake is usually on display and served to guests at the reception. Traditionally, wedding cakes were made to bring good luck to all guests and the couple. Modernly however, they are more of a centerpiece to the wedding and are not always even served to the guests. Some cakes are built with only a single edible tier for the bride and groom to share.
Wedding cakes come in a variety of sizes, depending on the number of guests the cake will serve. Modern pastry chefs and cake designers use various ingredients and tools to create a cake that usually reflects the personalities of the couple. Marzipan, fondant, gum paste, buttercream, and chocolate are among the popular ingredients used. Cakes range in price along with size and components. Cakes are usually priced on a per-person, or per-slice, basis. Prices can range from a few dollars to a few hundred dollars per-person or slice, depending on the pastry chef who is hired to make the cake. Wedding cakes and cake decorating in general have become a certain pop culture symbol in western society. In America TV shows such as Cake Boss or Amazing Wedding Cakes have become popular and are trending in today’s popular culture.
Actors: Zack Akerman (actor), Zack Akerman (actor), Zack Akerman (actor), Zack Akerman (actor), Zack Akerman (actor), Zack Akerman (actor), Zack Akerman (producer), Zack Akerman (writer), Zack Akerman (director), Zack Akerman (editor), Thomas Deegan (actor), Thomas Deegan (actor), Julian Alonzo (actor), Julian Alonzo (actor), Julian Alonzo (actor),
Plot: A Millennium of peace ends as a spiral shaped portal between our dimension and the Deadzone opens releasing countless waves of enemies classified as Corruption, 8 planets were attacked and nearly destroyed before the Guardians were formed to protect the galaxy, as the united empires fight alongside the Guardians and stay united they start taking back planets from the enemy, but one day a more powerful threat joins the enemy and the war becomes impossible, a special team of smaller Guardians, a team of "Burglars" were put together as an extra part of the Unity plan to help defeat this common enemy. The war begins as the Corruption rises.
Genres: Adventure, Animation, Sci-Fi, Thriller, War,Actors: Assal Ghawami (producer), Joyce Sherrí (producer), Joyce Sherrí (writer), Joyce Sherrí (director), Joyce Sherrí (writer), Allen Holloway (actor), Sidiki Fofana (actor), David S. Hamilton (composer), Malcolm Xavier (actor), Robyn Payne (actress), Laura E. Johnston (actress), Thati Peele (miscellaneous crew), Rebbekah Vega Romero (actor), Camiel Warren-Taylor (actor), Christina Abdo (miscellaneous crew),
Genres: Drama, Family, Romance, Short,Actors: Jennifer Christopher (actress), Adam Burch (actor), Adam Burch (writer), Adam Burch (producer), John Bader (actor), Stephanie Silverman (actress), Cheryl Hawker (actress), Giselle Anthony (actress), Eric Hailey (actor), Kaitlyn Taaffe (editor), Scott Dawson (actor), Pete Colburn (actor), Travis Wood (actor), J.T. Vernon (director),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Danny Webb (actor), Robert Stephens (actor), John Sessions (actor), Robbie Coltrane (actor), Derek Jacobi (actor), Ian Holm (actor), Alec McCowen (actor), Patrick Doyle (actor), Richard Briers (actor), Christian Bale (actor), Brian Blessed (actor), Kenneth Branagh (actor), Michael Maloney (actor), Emma Thompson (actress), Judi Dench (actress),
Plot: King Henry V of England is insulted by the King of France. As a result, he leads his army into battle against France. Along the way, the young king must struggle with the sinking morale of his troops and his own inner doubts. The war culminates at the bloody Battle of Agincourt.
Keywords: 1400s, 15th-century, actor-shares-first-and-last-name-with-character, agincourt-pas-de-calais, archer, aristocrat, arrow, based-on-play, battle, battle-of-agincourtActors: William Shakespeare (writer), Julian Glover (actor), Brenda Bruce (actress), Alec McCowen (actor), Garrick Hagon (actor), Bryan Pringle (actor), Thorley Walters (actor), John Wilders (miscellaneous crew), Cedric Messina (producer), Alan Shallcross (miscellaneous crew), Gordon Gostelow (actor), John Abineri (actor), Robert Harris (actor), Anna Quayle (actress), Tim Wylton (actor),
Genres: Biography, Drama, War,Actors: Vadim Glowna (actor), Peter Zadek (director), Heribert Wenk (director), Vadim Glowna (actor), Rolf Becker (actor), William Shakespeare (writer), Judy Winter (actress), Traugott Buhre (actor), Traugott Buhre (actor), Friedhelm Ptok (actor), Wolfgang Schenck (actor), Katharina Tüschen (actress), Christiane Schröder (actress), Konstantin Paloff (actor), Erich Fried (writer),
Genres: ,Actors: Andrey Fayt (actor), Georgiy Millyar (actor), Aleksandr Khvylya (actor), Valentin Bryleev (actor), Zoya Vasilkova (actress), Ivan Kuznetsov (actor), Vera Altayskaya (actress), Anatoli Kubatsky (actor), Lidiya Korolyova (actress), Vyacheslav Gostinsky (actor), Tamara Nosova (actress), Aleksandr Rou (director), Tatyana Barysheva (actress), Lyudmila Karaush (actress), Nadezhda Samsonova (actress),
Genres: Family, Fantasy,Actors: Wesley Barry (director), Edward J. Kay (producer), Wesley Barry (producer), Ace Herman (editor), Edward J. Kay (composer), Gil Frye (actor), Don Megowan (actor), Eleanor H. Donahoe (miscellaneous crew), William Hunter (actor), Jay Simms (writer), Jay Simms (writer), George Milan (actor), Malcolm Smith (actor), Dudley Manlove (actor), David Cross (actor),
Plot: The survivors of a nuclear holocaust fuse man with machine, creating cyborgs to assist in the rebuilding of civilization. However, the blue-skinned androids rebel against their masters and go to war with the remnants of humanity.
Keywords: android, based-on-novel, based-on-play, blue-skin, cyborg, electronic-music-score, fear-that-machines-will-conquer-humanity, futuristic, human-machine-relation, independent-filmActors: Ernest Thesiger (actor), Valentine Dyall (actor), Michael Shepley (actor), Esmond Knight (actor), Anthony Newley (actor), John Laurie (actor), Laurence Olivier (actor), Gerald Case (actor), George Cole (actor), Leo Genn (actor), Felix Aylmer (actor), Niall MacGinnis (actor), Arthur Hambling (actor), Laurence Olivier (producer), Ralph Truman (actor),
Plot: In the inspired Olivier concept, Shakespeare's play begins as a performance in the Globe Theatre, shifting in broad cinematic terms to an epic narrative of Henry V, who had developed from a dissolute youth to a purposeful monarch. Proving his ability as a soldier and skillful leader, he unites the dissident factions in the English army and goes on to crush the French, against enormous odds, at Agincourt. Arranging a treaty with the French court, he woos Princess Katharine to whom he is formally betrothed as part of the peace agreement.
Keywords: 1400s, 15th-century, actor-director-writer, agincourt-france, agincourt-pas-de-calais, archbishop, based-on-play, battle, battle-of-agincourt, bishopActors: Archie Marshek (editor), Willie Best (actor), Maurice Black (actor), G. Pat Collins (actor), George Cooper (actor), Richard Dix (actor), Samuel S. Hinds (actor), Fred Kohler (actor), Hal Price (actor), Pedro Regas (actor), Russell Simpson (actor), Phil Rosen (director), Irving Bacon (actor), Louise Beavers (actress), Martha Sleeper (actress),
Genres: Western,An artificial season
Covered by summer rain
Losing all my reason
Cause there's nothing left to blame
Shadows paint the sidewalk
A living picture in a frame
See the sea of people
All their faces look the same
So I sat down for awhile
Forcing a smile
In a state of self-denial
Is it worthwhile
Sell my pity for a dime
Yeah, Just one dime
Sell my pity for a dime
Yeah, Just one dime
Plain talk can be the easy way
Signs of losing my faith
Losing my faith
Plain talk can be the easy way
Signs of losing my faith
Losing my faith
So I sat down for awhile
Yeah, Forcing a smile
In a state of self-denial
Yeah, Is it worthwhile
Sell my pity for a dime
Yeah, Just one dime
Sell my pity for a dime
Yeah, Just one dime
So I sat down for awhile
Yeah, Forcing a smile
In a state of self-denial
Yeah, Is it worthwhile
Sell my pity for a dime
Yeah, Just one dime
Sell my pity for a dime