- published: 07 Aug 2015
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A space observatory is any instrument (such as a telescope) in outer space that is used for observation of distant planets, galaxies and other outer space objects. The first such space observatory was the Hubble Space Telescope launched in 1990. Space observatories avoid many of the problems of ground observatories, such as light pollution and the filtering and distortion of electromagnetic radiation (scintillation).
This category is distinct from other observatories located in space that are pointed toward Earth for the purpose of reconnaissance and other types of information gathering.
In 1946, American theoretical astrophysicist Lyman Spitzer was the first to conceive the idea of a telescope in outer space, a decade before the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, Sputnik 1.
Spitzer's proposal called for a large telescope that would not be hindered by Earth's atmosphere. After lobbying in the 1960s and 70s for such a system to be built, Spitzer's vision ultimately materialized into the Hubble Space Telescope, which was launched on April 24, 1990 by the Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-31).
The W. M. Keck Observatory is a two-telescope astronomical observatory at an elevation of 4,145 meters (13,600 ft) near the summit of Mauna Kea in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Both telescopes feature 10 m (33 ft) primary mirrors, currently among the largest astronomical telescopes in use. The combination of an excellent site, large optics and innovative instruments has created the two most scientifically productive telescopes on Earth.
With a concept first proposed in 1977, telescope designers at the University of California and Lawrence Berkeley Labs had been developing the technology necessary to build a large, ground based telescope. With a design in hand a search for the funding began. In 1985, Howard B. Keck of the W. M. Keck Foundation gave $70 million to fund the construction of the Keck I telescope. Construction of Keck I began in September 1985, with first light occurring on 24 November 1990 using only nine of the eventual 36 segments. With construction of the first telescope well advanced, further donations allowed the construction of a second telescope starting in 1991. The Keck I telescope began science observations in March 1993, while first light for Keck II occurred on 23 January 1996.
New record: Keck Observatory measures most distant galaxy
PNKunG - EGSY8p7
GN-z11
Space Today TV Ep.99 - Retrospectiva Astronômica 2015 - Parte II
อ้าว - Atom ชนกันต์ [Piano Cover]「PN」
PNKunG - Cosmo Dance
A team of astrophysicists using the W. M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii has successfully measured the farthest galaxy ever recorded and more interestingly, captured its hydrogen emission as seen when the Universe was less than 600 million years old. Additionally, the method in which the galaxy called EGSY8p7 was detected gives important insight into how the very first stars in the Universe lit-up after the Big Bang. The paper will be published shortly in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. Using Keck Observatory's powerful infrared spectrograph called MOSFIRE, the team dated the galaxy by detecting its Lyman-alpha emission line – a signature of hot hydrogen gas heated by strong ultraviolet emission from newly born stars. Although this is a frequently detected signature in galaxies close to Ea...
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Using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope an international team of astronomers has measured the distance to this new galaxy, named GN-z11. Although extremely faint, the galaxy is unusually bright considering its distance from Earth. The distance measurement of GN-z11 provides additional strong evidence that other unusually bright galaxies found in earlier Hubble images are really at extraordinary distances, showing that we are closing in on the first galaxies that formed in the Universe. Previously, astronomers had estimated GN-z11’s distance by analysing its colour in images taken with both Hubble and the NASA Spitzer Space Telescope. Now, for the first time for a galaxy at such an extreme distance, the team has used Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) to precisely measure the distance to...
Água em Marte - Ontem e Hoje - Com certeza algumasdas notícias que mais chamaram a atenção em 2015 estiveram relacionadas com a água no planeta Marte. - Em 10 de Abri, na edição da revista Science, os cientistas publicaram um artigo, onde analisaram dados obtidos por telescópios em Terra, principalmente pelos telescópios do ESO no Chile e observaram a atmosfera de Marte na luz infravermelha, buscando por cores específicas relacionadas à presença de água normal, H2O e da água pesada, ou seja, a água com um nêutron extra. - Medindo a razão dos dois tipos de água os cientistas puderam calcular quanta água Marte perdeu no decorrer de sua existência, e chegaram a conclusão que a 4.5 bilhões de anos atrás MArte chegou a ter um oceano que cobria cerca de 20% de sua superfície e que era do tama...
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