Ancient Greek comedy

Ancient Greek comedy was one of the final three principal dramatic forms in the theatre of classical Greece (the others being tragedy and the satyr play). Athenian comedy is conventionally divided into three periods, Old Comedy, Middle Comedy, and New Comedy. Old Comedy survives today largely in the form of the eleven surviving plays of Aristophanes, while Middle Comedy is largely lost, i.e. preserved only in relatively short fragments by authors such as Athenaeus of Naucratis. New Comedy is known primarily from the substantial papyrus fragments of Menander.

The philosopher Aristotle wrote in his Poetics (c. 335 BC) that comedy is a representation of laughable people and involves some kind of blunder or ugliness which does not cause pain or disaster.C. A. Trypanis wrote that comedy is the last of the great species of poetry Greece gave to the world.

Periods

The Alexandrine grammarians, and most likely Aristophanes of Byzantium in particular, seem to have been the first to divide Greek comedy into what became the canonical three periods: Old Comedy (ἀρχαία archaia), Middle Comedy (μέση mese) and New Comedy (νέα nea). These divisions appear to be largely arbitrary, and ancient comedy almost certainly developed constantly over the years.

Comedy

In a modern sense, comedy (from the Greek: κωμῳδία, kōmōidía) refers to any discourse or work generally intended to be humorous or to amuse by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, television, film and stand-up comedy. The origins of the term are found in Ancient Greece. In the Athenian democracy, the public opinion of voters was influenced by the political satire performed by the comic poets at the theaters. The theatrical genre of Greek comedy can be described as a dramatic performance which pits two groups or societies against each other in an amusing agon or conflict. Northrop Frye depicted these two opposing sides as a "Society of Youth" and a "Society of the Old". A revised view characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a relatively powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to his hopes. In this struggle, the youth is understood to be constrained by his lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse in ruses which engender very dramatic irony which provokes laughter.

Indu Sonali

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Indu Sonali is an Indian films playback singer known for singing in item songs of Bhojpuri. She has the distinction of singing for 300 Bhojpuri films and 50 music video albums and is considered as one of the top playback singers of Bhojpuri film industry. Her music genre is about primitive-acoustic folk with some trace of Indian classical music, ambient electronic and new age jazz - fusion. Some of her most notable songs are "Lehriya Loot Re Raja" (Partigya), "Kahan Jaibe Raja Najariya" (Kaha Jaiba Raja), "Uthha Deb Lenga" (Damadji) and "Devar ho Daba Na Mor Karihaiya" (Rakhwala).

Early life and Career

Indu Sonali was born on 7 November 1978 in Bhagalpur (Bihar). She grew up and educated in Bihar. Sonal made her debut as the playback singer in Bhojpuri film Panditji Batai Na Biah Kab Hoi in which Rajesh Gupta was the Music Director. She is the ardent fan and fond of Indian singing legend Lata Mangeshkar. Sonali is a regular performer at electronic and new age jazz - fusion oriented music festival.