- published: 28 Nov 2012
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The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns, and a phosphorescent screen used to view images. It has a means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam(s) onto the screen to create the images. The images may represent electrical waveforms (oscilloscope), pictures (television, computer monitor), radar targets or others. CRTs have also been used as memory devices, in which case the visible light emitted from the fluorescent material (if any) is not intended to have significant meaning to a visual observer (though the visible pattern on the tube face may cryptically represent the stored data).
The CRT uses an evacuated glass envelope which is large, deep (i.e. long from front screen face to rear end), fairly heavy, and relatively fragile. As a matter of safety, the face is typically made of thick lead glass so as to be highly shatter-resistant and to block most X-ray emissions, particularly if the CRT is used in a consumer product.
Since 2008, CRTs have largely been superseded by newer display technologies such as LCD, plasma display, and OLED, which have lower manufacturing costs, power consumption, weight and bulk.
Cathode rays (also called an electron beam or e-beam) are streams of electrons observed in vacuum tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, the glass opposite of the negative electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from and travelling perpendicular to the cathode (the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply). They were first observed in 1869 by German physicist Johann Hittorf, and were named in 1876 by Eugen Goldstein Kathodenstrahlen, or cathode rays.
Electrons were first discovered as the constituents of cathode rays. In 1897 British physicist J. J. Thomson showed the rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the electron. Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) use a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields to create the image in a classic television set.
Cathode rays are so named because they are emitted by the negative electrode, or cathode, in a vacuum tube. To release electrons into the tube, they first must be detached from the atoms of the cathode. In the early cold cathode vacuum tubes, called Crookes tubes, this was done by using a high electrical potential between the anode and the cathode to ionize the residual gas in the tube; the ions were accelerated by the electric field and released electrons when they collided with the cathode. Modern vacuum tubes use thermionic emission, in which the cathode is made of a thin wire filament which is heated by a separate electric current passing through it. The increased random heat motion of the filament knocks electrons out at the surface of the filament, into the evacuated space of the tube.
To see all my Chemistry videos, check out http://socratic.org/chemistry J.J. Thompson discovered the electron, the first of the subatomic particles, using the cathode ray tube experiment. He found that many different metals release cathode rays, and that cathode rays were made of electrons, very small negatively charged particles. This disproved John Dalton's theory of the atom, and Thompson came up with the plum pudding model of the atom.
Follow us at: https://twitter.com/TutorVista Check us out at http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/inorganic-chemistry/cathode-ray-tube-experiment.html Cathode Ray Tube The Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam, used to create images in the form of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The image may represent electrical waveforms (oscilloscope), pictures (television, computer monitor), radar targets and others. The CRT uses an evacuated glass envelope which is large, deep, heavy, and relatively fragile. Display technologies without these disadvantages, such as flat plasma displays, liquid crystal displays, DLP, OLED have replaced CRTs...
This is the official Video of Cathode Ray Tube by sir JJ Thomson.. A Cathode ray tube is the forerunner of the television tube. It is a glass tube from which most of the air has been evacuated. When the two metal plates are connected to a high-voltage source, the negatively charged plate, called the cathode, emits an invisible ray. The cathode ray is drawn to the positively charged plate, called the anode, where it passes through a hole and continues traveling to the other end of the tube. When the ray strikes the specially coated surface, the cathode ray produces a strong fluorescence, or bright light. When an electric field is applied across the cathode ray tube, the cathode ray is attracted by the plate bearing positive charges. Therefore, a cathode ray must consist of negatively charg...
Demo 10 HChem "As the cathode rays carry a charge of negative electricity, are deflected by an electrostatic force as if they were negatively electrified, and are acted on by a magnetic force in just the way in which this force would act on a negatively electrified body moving along the path of these rays, I can see no escape from the conclusion that they are charges of negative electricity carried by particles of matter." —J. J. Thomson (Philosophical Magazine, 44, 293 (1897))
Ask any questions in the comments. Do not attempt to recreate this experiment. The vacuum on this tube is not enough to create a beam that does not glow so bright. This may be considered a "rarified arc in a vacuum" but it still demonstrates the properties of a cathode ray tube. Don't post nasty comments. You may be blocked.
Follow us at: https://plus.google.com/+tutorvista/ Check out us at:http://www.tutorvista.com/content/physics/physics-ii/modern-physics/cathode-rays.php Cathode Ray Oscilloscope The cathode ray oscilloscope is used as an animation in the laboratories. Since it is more reliable, stable and ease of operation , the animation of the cathode ray oscilloscope is used in lab. The animation of the cathode ray oscilloscope which is used in the lab provide the measurement of voltage signals. Please like our facebook page http://www.facebook.com/tutorvista
On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics
4 of our cathode ray tubes showing some of their unique properties. The first just shows the electron beam across a phosphor being bent by a magnet. The 'Maltese Cross Tube' has a metal cross as a barrier indicating the path of travel of the electron beam. The paddlewheel tube demonstrates the momentum carried by electrons as they strike the vanes and cause the wheel to spin. Lastly, the x-ray tube is pointed towards a plush bear with a copper wire skeleton.
Discovery / Science Channel's "How It's Made" Cathode Ray Tubes
To see all my Chemistry videos, check out http://socratic.org/chemistry J.J. Thompson discovered the electron, the first of the subatomic particles, using the cathode ray tube experiment. He found that many different metals release cathode rays, and that cathode rays were made of electrons, very small negatively charged particles. This disproved John Dalton's theory of the atom, and Thompson came up with the plum pudding model of the atom.
Follow us at: https://twitter.com/TutorVista Check us out at http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/inorganic-chemistry/cathode-ray-tube-experiment.html Cathode Ray Tube The Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam, used to create images in the form of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The image may represent electrical waveforms (oscilloscope), pictures (television, computer monitor), radar targets and others. The CRT uses an evacuated glass envelope which is large, deep, heavy, and relatively fragile. Display technologies without these disadvantages, such as flat plasma displays, liquid crystal displays, DLP, OLED have replaced CRTs...
This is the official Video of Cathode Ray Tube by sir JJ Thomson.. A Cathode ray tube is the forerunner of the television tube. It is a glass tube from which most of the air has been evacuated. When the two metal plates are connected to a high-voltage source, the negatively charged plate, called the cathode, emits an invisible ray. The cathode ray is drawn to the positively charged plate, called the anode, where it passes through a hole and continues traveling to the other end of the tube. When the ray strikes the specially coated surface, the cathode ray produces a strong fluorescence, or bright light. When an electric field is applied across the cathode ray tube, the cathode ray is attracted by the plate bearing positive charges. Therefore, a cathode ray must consist of negatively charg...
Demo 10 HChem "As the cathode rays carry a charge of negative electricity, are deflected by an electrostatic force as if they were negatively electrified, and are acted on by a magnetic force in just the way in which this force would act on a negatively electrified body moving along the path of these rays, I can see no escape from the conclusion that they are charges of negative electricity carried by particles of matter." —J. J. Thomson (Philosophical Magazine, 44, 293 (1897))
Ask any questions in the comments. Do not attempt to recreate this experiment. The vacuum on this tube is not enough to create a beam that does not glow so bright. This may be considered a "rarified arc in a vacuum" but it still demonstrates the properties of a cathode ray tube. Don't post nasty comments. You may be blocked.
Follow us at: https://plus.google.com/+tutorvista/ Check out us at:http://www.tutorvista.com/content/physics/physics-ii/modern-physics/cathode-rays.php Cathode Ray Oscilloscope The cathode ray oscilloscope is used as an animation in the laboratories. Since it is more reliable, stable and ease of operation , the animation of the cathode ray oscilloscope is used in lab. The animation of the cathode ray oscilloscope which is used in the lab provide the measurement of voltage signals. Please like our facebook page http://www.facebook.com/tutorvista
On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics
4 of our cathode ray tubes showing some of their unique properties. The first just shows the electron beam across a phosphor being bent by a magnet. The 'Maltese Cross Tube' has a metal cross as a barrier indicating the path of travel of the electron beam. The paddlewheel tube demonstrates the momentum carried by electrons as they strike the vanes and cause the wheel to spin. Lastly, the x-ray tube is pointed towards a plush bear with a copper wire skeleton.
Discovery / Science Channel's "How It's Made" Cathode Ray Tubes
Description of the cathode ray tube and Thomson's discovery of the electron.
Cathode ray tube and Thomson's discovery of the electron.
Description of the cathode ray tube and Thomson's discovery of the electron.
Discovery of the electron with the cathode ray tube.
2/10/15 Discussion of the Electric Field Mapping and Equipotential Lines experiment. Introduction to energy storage in a capacitor and cathode ray tubes.
2/10/15 Discussion of the Electric Field Mapping and Equipotential Lines experiment. Introduction to energy storage in a capacitor and cathode ray tubes.
Description of Thomson's CRT experiment and his discovery of the electron.
JJ Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, subatomic particles, gold foil experiment, cathode ray tube
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(FF XV - Pikachu - Cathode Ray Tube - Controller - Sega Saturn Controller - NiGHTS - Jester - Sega Genesis Menacer Light Gun - Mirrors Edge)