Oakland Cotton Mill 1924 California Cotton Mills

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• published: 04 Oct 2013
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more at http://news.quickfound.net/cities/san_francisco.html 'Workers and machines at the California Cotton Mills in Oakland.... California Cotton Mills in Oakland, California / exterior and interior - shots of loading bales / cotton machinery in operation spinning - thread and weaving / girls working' Public domain film from the Prelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and mild video noise reduction applied. The film was silent. I have added music created by myself using the Reaper Digital Audio Workstation and the Independence and Proteus VX VST instrument plugins. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_mill A cotton mill is a factory that houses spinning and weaving machinery, typically built between 1775 and 1930. Cotton was an important product during the Industrial Revolution. Cotton mills, and the mechanisation of the spinning process, were instrumental in the growth of the machine tool industry, enabling the construction of larger cotton mills. The requirement for water helped stimulate the construction of the canal system, and the need for power the development of steam engines. Limited companies were developed to construct the mills, which led to the trading floors of the cotton exchange of Manchester, creating a vast commercial city. The mills also generated employment and drew workers from largely rural areas, leading to the expansion of local urban populations and the consequent need for additional housing. In response, mill towns with municipal governments were created. The mills provided independent incomes for girls and women. Child labour was used in the mills, and the factory system led to organised labour. Poor conditions in cotton mills became the subject of exposés, and in England, the Factory Acts were written to regulate them. The cotton mill was originally a Lancashire phenomenon that then was copied in New England and later in the southern states of America. In the 20th century, North West England lost its supremacy to the United States, then India and then China. In the 21st century, redundant mills have been accepted as part of a country's industrial heritage. Cotton processing Cotton is the world's most important natural fibre. In 2007, the global yield was 25 million tons from 35 million hectares cultivated in more than 50 countries. There are six stages - Cultivating and harvesting - Preparatory processes - Spinning - Weaving - Finishing - Marketing The preparatory processes and spinning happen in a spinning mill, weaving happens in a weaving shed and finishing at the bleach works and dye works. Traditionally these processes occur in separate mills, though combination mills have been built which take raw cotton through to printed cloth. History The English cotton mill, which emerged as an entity in 1771, went through many changes before the last one was constructed in 1929. It had a worldwide influence on the design of mills, and changed over time. The architectural development of the cotton mill was linked to the development of the machinery which it contained, the power unit that drove it, and the financial instruments used for its construction. In Lancashire, England, the industry was horizontally integrated, with carding and spinning only in southeast Lancashire, whereas weaving was more evenly spread but more concentrated to the north and west of the county. In the USA in Pennsylvania, the process was mostly vertically integrated and led to combined mills where carding, spinning and weaving took place in the same mill. Mills were also used for finishing such as bleaching and printing... In 1929, for the first time there were more spindles in the USA than in The UK. In 1972, India had greater spindleage than the USA, and it was in turn surpassed by China in 1977...

Oakland Cotton Mill 1924 California Cotton Mills

• Report rights infringement
• published: 04 Oct 2013
• views: 10065

more at http://news.quickfound.net/cities/san_francisco.html 'Workers and machines at the California Cotton Mills in Oakland.... California Cotton Mills in Oakland, California / exterior and interior - shots of loading bales / cotton machinery in operation spinning - thread and weaving / girls working' Public domain film from the Prelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and mild video noise reduction applied. The film was silent. I have added music created by myself using the Reaper Digital Audio Workstation and the Independence and Proteus VX VST instrument plugins. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_mill A cotton mill is a factory that houses spinning and weaving machinery, typically built between 1775 and 1930. Cotton was an important product during the Industrial Revolution. Cotton mills, and the mechanisation of the spinning process, were instrumental in the growth of the machine tool industry, enabling the construction of larger cotton mills. The requirement for water helped stimulate the construction of the canal system, and the need for power the development of steam engines. Limited companies were developed to construct the mills, which led to the trading floors of the cotton exchange of Manchester, creating a vast commercial city. The mills also generated employment and drew workers from largely rural areas, leading to the expansion of local urban populations and the consequent need for additional housing. In response, mill towns with municipal governments were created. The mills provided independent incomes for girls and women. Child labour was used in the mills, and the factory system led to organised labour. Poor conditions in cotton mills became the subject of exposés, and in England, the Factory Acts were written to regulate them. The cotton mill was originally a Lancashire phenomenon that then was copied in New England and later in the southern states of America. In the 20th century, North West England lost its supremacy to the United States, then India and then China. In the 21st century, redundant mills have been accepted as part of a country's industrial heritage. Cotton processing Cotton is the world's most important natural fibre. In 2007, the global yield was 25 million tons from 35 million hectares cultivated in more than 50 countries. There are six stages - Cultivating and harvesting - Preparatory processes - Spinning - Weaving - Finishing - Marketing The preparatory processes and spinning happen in a spinning mill, weaving happens in a weaving shed and finishing at the bleach works and dye works. Traditionally these processes occur in separate mills, though combination mills have been built which take raw cotton through to printed cloth. History The English cotton mill, which emerged as an entity in 1771, went through many changes before the last one was constructed in 1929. It had a worldwide influence on the design of mills, and changed over time. The architectural development of the cotton mill was linked to the development of the machinery which it contained, the power unit that drove it, and the financial instruments used for its construction. In Lancashire, England, the industry was horizontally integrated, with carding and spinning only in southeast Lancashire, whereas weaving was more evenly spread but more concentrated to the north and west of the county. In the USA in Pennsylvania, the process was mostly vertically integrated and led to combined mills where carding, spinning and weaving took place in the same mill. Mills were also used for finishing such as bleaching and printing... In 1929, for the first time there were more spindles in the USA than in The UK. In 1972, India had greater spindleage than the USA, and it was in turn surpassed by China in 1977...