- published: 04 Jan 2017
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Life is a characteristic distinguishing physical entities having biological processes (such as signaling and self-sustaining processes) from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased (death), or because they lack such functions and are classified as inanimate. Various forms of life exist such as plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea, and bacteria. The criteria can at times be ambiguous and may or may not define viruses, viroids or potential artificial life as living. Biology is the primary science concerned with the study of life, although many other sciences are involved.
Throughout history there have been many theories about life including materialism, hylomorphism and vitalism. Even today it is a challenge for scientists and philosophers to define life. The smallest contiguous unit of life is called an organism. Organisms are composed of one or more cells, undergo metabolism, maintain homeostasis, can grow, respond to stimuli, reproduce (either sexually or asexually) and, through evolution, adapt to their environment in successive generations. A diverse array of living organisms can be found in the biosphere of Earth, and the properties common to these organisms are a carbon- and water-based cellular form with complex organization and heritable genetic information.
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth that is retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention (greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation).
The common name air (English pronunciation: /ɛər/) is given to the atmospheric gases used in breathing and photosynthesis. By volume, dry air contains 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. Air also contains a variable amount of water vapor, on average around 1% at sea level, and 0.4% over the entire atmosphere. Air content and atmospheric pressure vary at different layers, and air suitable for the survival of terrestrial plants and terrestrial animals is found only in Earth's troposphere and artificial atmospheres.
The atmosphere has a mass of about 5.15×1018 kg, three quarters of which is within about 11 km (6.8 mi; 36,000 ft) of the surface. The atmosphere becomes thinner and thinner with increasing altitude, with no definite boundary between the atmosphere and outer space. The Kármán line, at 100 km (62 mi), or 1.57% of Earth's radius, is often used as the border between the atmosphere and outer space. Atmospheric effects become noticeable during atmospheric reentry of spacecraft at an altitude of around 120 km (75 mi). Several layers can be distinguished in the atmosphere, based on characteristics such as temperature and composition.
A cave or cavern is a hollow place in the ground, especially a natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. Caves form naturally by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word cave can also refer to much smaller openings such as sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos.
Speleology is the science of exploration and study of all aspects of caves and the cave environment. Visiting or exploring caves for recreation may be called caving, potholing, or spelunking.
The formation and development of caves is known as speleogenesis. Caves are formed by various geologic processes and can be variable sizes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, erosion from water, tectonic forces, microorganisms, pressure, and atmospheric influences.
It is estimated that the maximum depth of a cave cannot be more than 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) due to the pressure of overlying rocks. For karst caves the maximum depth is determined on the basis of the lower limit of karst forming processes, coinciding with the base of the soluble carbonate rocks.
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Movile Cave (Romanian: Peștera Movile) is a cave in Constanța County, Romania discovered by Cristian Lascu in 1986 a few kilometers from the Black Sea coast. It is notable for its unique groundwater ecosystem rich in hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide but very poor in oxygen. Life in the cave has been separated from the outside for the past 5.5 million years and it is based completely on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis.
The air in the cave is very different from the outer atmosphere. The level of oxygen is only a third to half of the concentration found in open air (7-10% O2 in the cave atmosphere, compared to 21% O2 in air), and about one hundred times more carbon dioxide (2-3.5% CO2 in the cave atmosphere, versus 0.03% CO2 in air). It also contains 1-2% methane (CH4) and both the air and waters of the cave contain high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3).
Forty-eight species, among them leeches, spiders, scorpions and insects, were found inside the cave, of which 33 are endemic. The food chain is based on chemosynthesis in the form of methane and sulfur oxidising bacteria, which in turn release nutrients for fungi and other bacteria. This forms microbial mats on the cave walls and the surface of lakes and ponds that is grazed on by some of the animals. The grazers are then preyed on by predatory species.
I THOUGHT I WAS GOING TO DIE IN UNDERWATER CAVE!
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One of the scariest experiences of my life! While diving deep into a pitch black underwater cave I ran out of breathe as I was trying to find the air pocket. Watch until the end to see the scare! -Follow me on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/adrenaline.addiction/ -Hats: http://reekless.com/ -Adrenaline Addiction Shirts: https://shop.spreadshirt.com/AdrenalineAddiction/ Click here to SUBSCRIBE! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrUP38Gv4spk2rHoIxZmG3A?sub_confirmation=1 MY CAMERA GEAR: http://astore.amazon.com/adrenaddic-20 Filmed and edited by: Chase Reinford Additional filming by: Jake Bertholot (jakeoflltrades88)
Plato made up an enduring story about why philosophy matters based on an allegory about a cave… Please subscribe here: http://tinyurl.com/o28mut7 If you like our films take a look at our shop (we ship worldwide): http://theschooloflife.com/shop/all/ Subscribe to Wisecrack http://youtube.com/wisecrack Brought to you by http://theschooloflife.com Produced in collaboration with Mad Adam Films http://madadamfilms.co.uk
Exactly ten years after the recording of Felix Baumgartners base-jump in the Mamet Cave went around the World, this abyss on Velebit Mountain became the scene of another incredible daredevil venture. Ivan Trifonov, a seventy-year-old Austrian with a Croatian passport, was the first man to try, and succeed in flying a hot-air balloon underground. This experienced hot-air balloon pilot is already a proud holder of 4 Guinness records, and flying into the Mamet Cave, touching it's bottom and successfully flying out of the Cave is likely to be his fifth record, since no-one has ever done such a thing before. For flying underground Trifonov had to use a hot-air balloon specially designed for this unusual, and probably unrepeatable venture. His balloon was smaller than usual, and the brave pilot ...
#viralfish Video of a sweet little underwater cave with an air pocket I found in a cave about 15 feet underwater. There was not much room in there but it was big enough to stick half of my head out of the water and get a couple deep breaths of air. If you like this video check out my other videos of under water cave free diving on my channel!
Cave diver Jill Heinerth explores the hidden underground waterways coursing through our planet. Working with biologists, climatologists and archaeologists, Heinerth unravels the mysteries of the life-forms that inhabit some of the earth's most remote places and helps researchers unlock the history of climate change. In this short talk, take a dive below the waves and explore the wonders of inner space. TEDTalks is a daily video podcast of the best talks and performances from the TED Conference, where the world's leading thinkers and doers give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes (or less). Look for talks on Technology, Entertainment and Design -- plus science, business, global issues, the arts and much more. Find closed captions and translated subtitles in many languages at http://www.t...
Filmed from my helmet camera in April 2011 during my second expedition into Movile Cave, Romania. Movile Cave is the only known totally sealed environment on Earth that contains life. The ecosystem is supported (in the total absence of light) by vast floating "mats" of microorganisms that feed on methane and carbon dioxide from the geothermal waters that flow through the Cave, mostly at the expensive of inorganic sulfur compounds and metals present in the waters and the limestock rocks of the Cave. In this video, I analyse the gases in the air of the Lake Room of Movile Cave and collect water from the Lake. I then swap helmets with Dr Alex Hillebrand of the Emil Racoviță Institute of Speleology (Bucharest) who then SCUBA dives through the Lower Galleries of the Cave to collect water and m...
http://www.epictv.com BUY EPIC GEAR, TESTED BY THE BEST: GoPro, Sony, DJI, ION, Magicam, Optrix, Hitcase and more http://shop.epictv.com Check out Alexander Polli's website http://alexanderpolli.com/ Morals Arrivederci on Facebook http://www.facebook.com/MoralsArrivederci EpicTV on Facebook http://www.facebook.com/WatchEpicTV Wingsuit / BASE-jump athlete Alexander Polli does the never before done—a tactical flight through a narrow cave on a rugged mountainside. The flight starts with a jump from a hovering helicopter, Alexander reaches speeds of 250 km/h (155 mph) while following a precise trajectory leading to the cave opening, he then fully commits and flies directly through the narrow opening of the "Batman Cave!" Shot in full HD, this extraordinary flight exceeds the level of commi...
Uli Emanuele pilots what is possibly the most technical and difficult BASE jump ever. For the past 3 years Uli has been dreaming about and preparing for what could be a world record jump. With just his wingsuit and hiking poles, he climbs to his exit point and realizes there is no turning back. Shot 100% on the HERO2® camera from http://GoPro.com. Get stoked and subscribe: http://goo.gl/HgVXpQ Music Courtesy of Extreme Music https://www.extrememusic.com For more from GoPro, follow us: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/gopro Twitter: https://twitter.com/gopro Instagram: https://instagram.com/gopro Tumblr: http://gopro.tumblr.com/ Pinterest: http://www.pinterest.com/gopro Vine: https://goo.gl/m3nQz7
5 Humanoids Caught On Tape & Spotted In Real Life! Description: Something about the fear of the supernatural imbues these forces with humanlike, intelligent qualities that give them sentience and agency, the idea that they know what they are doing. While we project these qualities onto high strangeness, we also project our physical appearance as well. Aliens, demons, and other beings are often described as being humanoid, with bodies like our own and some people have the evidence to suggest this is true.. 5.) Humanoid Grey Alien Caught on Camera in Cemetery http://www.express.co.uk/news/science/624097/WATCH-bizarre-alien-humanoid-on-camera-hiding-cemetery-UFO-demons-YouTube This video allegedly shows a grey-like alien skulking in a graveyard. The camera slowly pans, and the creature c...
In a pitch black, 140-foot-deep underwater cave, three divers make a stunning 13,000-year-old discovery: the oldest complete human skeleton ever found in the Americas. In this video, see the ancient remains, venture through the remarkable deep-water chamber, and see how a skeleton belonging to a teenage girl from the last ice age lead scientists to a major revelation about the earliest Americans. ➡ Subscribe: http://bit.ly/NatGeoSubscribe ➡ Get More Expedition Raw on Youtube: http://bit.ly/NGExpeditionRaw About Expedition Raw: Surprises, challenges, and amazing behind-the-scenes moments captured by National Geographic explorers in the field. Get More National Geographic: Official Site: http://bit.ly/NatGeoOfficialSite Facebook: http://bit.ly/FBNatGeo Twitter: http://bit.ly/NatGeoTwitter ...
One of the scariest experiences of my life! While diving deep into a pitch black underwater cave I ran out of breathe as I was trying to find the air pocket. Watch until the end to see the scare! -Follow me on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/adrenaline.addiction/ -Hats: http://reekless.com/ -Adrenaline Addiction Shirts: https://shop.spreadshirt.com/AdrenalineAddiction/ Click here to SUBSCRIBE! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrUP38Gv4spk2rHoIxZmG3A?sub_confirmation=1 MY CAMERA GEAR: http://astore.amazon.com/adrenaddic-20 Filmed and edited by: Chase Reinford Additional filming by: Jake Bertholot (jakeoflltrades88)
+ EXPAND THIS FOR DOWNLOAD & MORE INFO +++++ The season finale of SleepyCast is upon you all. It is consensual, so we don’t give a fuck what your counselor says. We answer questions from Patreon and Reddit, and give Tom Fulp the gangbang of his life. Very much love to all y’all, and we’ll be back on the air in a few months, so go outside and greet the world, you cave-dwelling stank-encrusted hobgoblins… oh wait. Fuck. That’s us. Nevermind. Kiss. This episode starring: Stamper http://www.youtube.com/StamperTV Ricepirate http://www.youtube.com/ricepiratenewgrounds Psychicpebbles http://www.youtube.com/Psychicpebbles Oney http://www.youtube.com/OneyNG Niall http://www.youtube.com/Cryburgers Spazkid http://www.youtube.com/Spazkidin3d JohnnyUtah http://JohnnyUtah.newgrounds.com +++++...
+ EXPAND THIS FOR DOWNLOAD & MORE INFO +++++ The season finale of SleepyCast is upon you all. It is consensual, so we don’t give a fuck what your counselor says. We answer questions from Patreon and Reddit, and give Tom Fulp the gangbang of his life. Very much love to all y’all, and we’ll be back on the air in a few months, so go outside and greet the world, you cave-dwelling stank-encrusted hobgoblins… oh wait. Fuck. That’s us. Nevermind. Kiss. This episode starring: Stamper http://www.youtube.com/StamperTV Ricepirate http://www.youtube.com/ricepiratenewgrounds Psychicpebbles http://www.youtube.com/Psychicpebbles Oney http://www.youtube.com/OneyNG Niall http://www.youtube.com/Cryburgers Spazkid http://www.youtube.com/Spazkidin3d JohnnyUtah http://JohnnyUtah.newgrounds.com ++++...
+ EXPAND THIS FOR DOWNLOAD & MORE INFO +++++ The season finale of SleepyCast is upon you all. It is consensual, so we don’t give a fuck what your counselor says. We answer questions from Patreon and Reddit, and give Tom Fulp the gangbang of his life. Very much love to all y’all, and we’ll be back on the air in a few months, so go outside and greet the world, you cave-dwelling stank-encrusted hobgoblins… oh wait. Fuck. That’s us. Nevermind. Kiss. This episode starring: Stamper http://www.youtube.com/StamperTV Ricepirate http://www.youtube.com/ricepiratenewgrounds Psychicpebbles http://www.youtube.com/Psychicpebbles Oney http://www.youtube.com/OneyNG Niall http://www.youtube.com/Cryburgers Spazkid http://www.youtube.com/Spazkidin3d JohnnyUtah http://JohnnyUtah.newgrounds.com ++++...
Watch Armour Of God | Hollywood Action Comedy Movie | Jackie Chan, Alan Tam | 2016 Hindi Dubbed Movies Armour of God (Chinese: 龍兄虎弟) is a 1986 Hong Kong action comedy film written and directed by Jackie Chan, who also starred in the film. The film co-stars Alan Tam, Lola Forner and Rosamund Kwan. The film features Chan's kung fu, comedy and stunts, with an Indiana Jones-style theme. Chan came the closest he has ever been to death in this film during a relatively routine stunt; he leaped onto a tree from a ledge, but the branch he grabbed snapped, sending Chan plummeting and cracking his skull. The film was followed by the sequel Armour of God II: Operation Condor in 1991. CAST: Jackie Chan as Jackie a.k.a. "Asian Hawk", a treasure hunter and former member of the pop group "The Losers" ...
This cave in West Wales contains animal species that have travelled in via air flow and the stream water to form part of the cave ecosystem. This video shows an initial survey of cave life in a only very recently discovered cave location.
"Life on Mars" was written and performed by Nick Cave & Warren Ellis for the National Geographic series "Mars". National Geographic will be airing "Mars" beginning November 14. Listen to "Mars" soundtrack on Spotify: http://bit.ly/MarsNatGeo Buy the Mars soundtrack on Amazon: http://bit.ly/MarsOST Buy the Mars soundtrack on iTunes: http://bit.ly/MarsNickCave
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while walking along the lavarock, i heard a sound that was like nothing else i had ever heard in my life. the ground itself was breathing. i figured that the sound most likely was caused by waterflow through caves just underneath me caused air pressure to be pushed and pulled through tiny cracks in the rock but nonetheless, the sound sent chills through me and i had to stop and have a bit of a moment with the breathing earth. a big thank you to the sponsors that made tokin daily possible: http://www.weedmaps.com and a great big proper tokin daily mega thanks to all of the people who have donated at http://www.gofundme.com/mytokindaily for more tokinstuffs, be sure to follow my internets postings: instagram: @therealtokinglx twitter, periscope: @tokinglx personal facebook: http:/...
Digital and/or CD available at: http://comaclustervoid.bandcamp.com/album/mind-cemeteries Visuals by Magma Studios http://bit.ly/magmastudios Lyrics: Storms rise Swarming thunder Tempest surprise Torn asunder Tomorrow never comes In this dramatic post traumatic state Pounds of frowns and everything to do about downs At a debilitating rate Every waking moment is a standstill Every step pushes a body of water forward Every movement bears the weight of planets Every breath parts oceans to desert Swim as well as you may Treading water only floats your dismay Drop below the surface Such a familiar place, a safe place, a sad place Desperation Drowning into Sorrow Slowly sinking beneath the surface Drowning into Sorrow Question whether anything is ever seaworthy Witho...
EXPANDED ORIGINAL MOTION PICTURE SCORE 00:00 The Legend of Camelot 01:00 Raid on Leonesse 06:13 True Love / The Ambush / First Sight 12:38 Does It Please You / Look At Me 16:05 Promise Me 18:27 Camelot 21:07 Gauntlet Drums 22:59 Meet the Queen 23:46 The Gauntlet / No Kiss 25:51 No Joy / Try Her / Wedding Plans / I Will Fight 28:51 Boat Trip 30:57 The Cave 33:13 Walls of Air 34:47 Escape from The Cave 38:15 Prove It 41:11 A New Life 46:08 To Leonesse 49:34 Night Battle 55:30 Village Ruins 58:51 The Kiss 01:00:52 Open the Door / No One Move 01:02:51 Arthur's Farewell 01:08:19 Never Surrender 01:14:02 Camelot Lives First Knight [Limited Edition] 01:18:07 Arthur's Fanfare (Album Version) 01:18:53 Promise Me (Album Version) 01:22:58 Camelot (Album Version) 01:25:20 Raid On Leonesse (Album Vers...
Coast To Coast AM - May 29, 2016 Government Corruption & Past Life Regression Author and political appointee Lance Simmens has published about 180 articles in the Huffington Post, but his most recent article, "Why our Children Should Hate Us," discussing the documentary Vaxxed: From Cover up to Catastrophe was pulled almost immediately when he posted it a few weeks ago. He joined Richard Syrett to discuss his contention that there is corruption behind agencies like the EPA and FDA and many other government groups tasked with protecting the public interest. He also called out the media and what he says is its abandonment of responsibility to investigate crimes of power and influence. Simmens worked on the staffs of both Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton, as well as two governors over a 40 ye...
WATCH:Armour of God Movie | Latest Dubbed Hindi Action Comedy Thriller | Jackie Chan,Alan Tam | 2016 Armour of God (Chinese: 龍兄虎弟) is a 1986 Hong Kong action comedy film written and directed by Jackie Chan, who also starred in the film. The film co-stars Alan Tam, Lola Forner and Rosamund Kwan. CAST&CREW: Directed by:Jackie Chan,Eric Tsang Produced by :Leonard Ho,Chua Lam Written by:Jackie Chan,John Sheppard,Eric Tsang Starring:Jackie Chan,Alan Tam Lola Forner,Rosamund Kwan Music by:Michael Lai,Tang Siu Lam Cinematography:Peter Ngor,Robert Thompson Arthur Wong,Cheung Yiu Cho Edited by:Peter Cheung Production company:Golden Harvest,Goldenway Films Ltd. Distributed by:Golden Harvest,Media Asia Release dates:1986 (Japan) ...
C2C AM Radio May 29, 2016 - Government Corruption Healing Past Life Regression. Author and political appointee Lance Simmens has published about 180 articles in the Huffington Post, but his most recent article, "Why our Children Should Hate Us," discussing the documentary Vaxxed: From Cover up to Catastrophe was pulled almost immediately when he posted it a few weeks ago. He joined Richard Syrett to discuss his contention that there is corruption behind agencies like the EPA and FDA and many other government groups tasked with protecting the public interest. He also called out the media and what he says is its abandonment of responsibility to investigate crimes of power and influence. Simmens worked on the staffs of both Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton, as well as two governors over a 40 yea...
Coast To Coast AM Radio - 05/29/2016 - May 29, 2016 - Government Corruption Healing Past Life Regression Author and political appointee Lance Simmens has published about 180 articles in the Huffington Post, but his most recent article, "Why our Children Should Hate Us," discussing the documentary Vaxxed: From Cover up to Catastrophe was pulled almost immediately when he posted it a few weeks ago. He joined Richard Syrett to discuss his contention that there is corruption behind agencies like the EPA and FDA and many other government groups tasked with protecting the public interest. He also called out the media and what he says is its abandonment of responsibility to investigate crimes of power and influence. Simmens worked on the staffs of both Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton, as well as tw...
Subscribed for more: https://goo.gl/mxlKHW Name: Government Corruption/ Healing & Past Life Regression Author and political appointee Lance Simmens has published about 180 articles in the Huffington Post, but his most recent article, "Why our Children Should Hate Us," discussing the documentary Vaxxed: From Cover up to Catastrophe was pulled almost immediately when he posted it a few weeks ago. He joined Richard Syrett to discuss his contention that there is corruption behind agencies like the EPA and FDA and many other government groups tasked with protecting the public interest. He also called out the media and what he says is its abandonment of responsibility to investigate crimes of power and influence. Simmens worked on the staffs of both Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton, as well as two...
NEED AIR FOR LIFE.....WE ALL BREATH.
NEED AIR FOR LIFE....NOW IN MY SOUL.
NEED AIR FOREVER...
IN ALL THAT I DO...
NEED AIR FOR WHATEVER...THAT I DO.
NEED AIR FOREVER...
IN ALL THAT I DO...
NEED AIR FOR WHATEVER...THAT I DO.
NEED AIR FOR LIFE.....WE ALL BREATH.
NEED AIR FOR LIFE....NOW IN MY SOUL.
NEED AIR FOREVER...
IN ALL THAT I DO...
NEED AIR FOR WHATEVER...THAT I DO.
NEED AIR FOREVER...
IN ALL THAT I DO...