Beneath the Surface

Beneath the Surface is the third solo studio album by American hip hop musician and Wu-Tang Clan member GZA. The album was released on June 29, 1999, by MCA Records.

Track listing

Credits

Charts

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References

Omid Walizadeh

Omid Walizadeh, also known as Omid or OD, is an underground hip hop producer based in Long Beach, California. He has produced tracks for Freestyle Fellowship,Busdriver,2Mex,Subtitle, and Awol One, among others.

History

Omid graduated from Loyola Marymount University with a bachelor's degree in recording arts. He has produced tracks since 1992.

Inspired by the underground hip hop movement at the Good Life Cafe in the early 1990s, Omid released a collaborative album, Beneath the Surface, in 1998. It features over 30 rappers, mainly from Los Angeles.

The solo debut album, Distant Drummer, was released on Beneath the Surface in 2002. It was inspired by Dan Simmons' novel Hyperion, the music of Sun Ra, among other things.

In 2003, Omid released the album, Monolith, on Mush Records. It features contributions from Abstract Rude, 2Mex,Buck 65,Luckyiam, Aceyalone, Murs, and Slug, among others. The title comes from Arthur C. Clarke's novel 2010: Odyssey Two.

Omid released the instrumental album, Afterwords 3, on Alpha Pup Records in 2007.

Beneath the Surface (picture book)

Beneath the Surface (ISBN 9780733619328) is a children's picture book by the author Gary Crew and illustrated by Steven Woolman. It is a sequel to The Watertower. It was published in 2004, 10 years after its predecessor.

It is about Dr Spiros Trotter, aka Spike from The Watertower, who is a hydrologist. He returns to Preston to test the water in the mysterious watertower on the hill. The words in the book describe Spike's actions, while the pictures on each page skip all around the world.

References

60

Year 60 (LX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Lentulus (or, less frequently, year 813 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 60 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

The year 60 is the first identifiable year for which a date is cited complete with day of the week, i.e. 6 February 60, identified as a "Sunday" (as viii idus Februarius dies solis "eighth day before the ides of February, day of the Sun") in a Pompeiian graffito. According to the currently-used Julian calendar, 6 February 60 was a Wednesday (dies Mercurii, "day of Mercury"). This is explained by the existence of two conventions of naming days of the weeks based on the planetary hours system, 6 February was a "Sunday" based on the sunset naming convention, and a "Wednesday" based on the sunrise naming convention.

0 (year)

Year zero does not exist in the Anno Domini (or Common Era) system usually used to number years in the Gregorian calendar and in its predecessor, the Julian calendar. In this system, the year 1 BC is followed by AD 1. However, there is a year zero in astronomical year numbering (where it coincides with the Julian year 1 BC) and in ISO 8601:2004 (where it coincides with the Gregorian year 1 BC) as well as in all Buddhist and Hindu calendars.

Historical, astronomical and ISO year numbering systems

Historians

The Anno Domini era was introduced in 525 by Scythian monk Dionysius Exiguus (c. 470–c. 544), who used it to identify the years on his Easter table. He introduced the new era to avoid using the Diocletian era, based on the accession of Roman Emperor Diocletian, as he did not wish to continue the memory of a persecutor of Christians. In the preface to his Easter table, Dionysius stated that the "present year" was "the consulship of Probus Junior [Flavius Anicius Probus Iunior]" which was also 525 years "since the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ". How he arrived at that number is unknown.

3C-E

3C-E is a psychedelic of the amphetamine class. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved), Shulgin lists the dosage range as 30 to 60mg, consumed orally. The duration of action was stated to be 8–12 hours.

This compound is the three-carbon chain analogue of escaline.

See also

References

External links