- published: 08 Jul 2015
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In statistics, the bootstrap error-adjusted single-sample technique (BEST or the BEAST) is a non-parametric method that is intended to allow an assessment to be made of the validity of a single sample. It is based on estimating a probability distribution representing what can be expected from valid samples. This is done use a statistical method called bootstrapping, applied to previous samples that are known to be valid.
BEST provides advantages over other methods such as the Mahalanobis metric, because it does not assume that for all spectral groups have equal covariances or that each group is drawn for a normally distributed population. A quantitative approach involves BEST along with a nonparametric cluster analysis algorithm. Multidimensional standard deviations (MDSs) between clusters and spectral data points are calculated, where BEST considers each frequency to be taken from a separate dimension.
BEST is based on a population, P, relative to some hyperspace, R, that represents the universe of possible samples. P* is the realized values of P based on a calibration set, T. T is used to find all possible variation in P. P* is bound by parameters C and B. C is the expectation value of P, written E(P), and B is a bootstrapping distribution called the Monte Carlo approximation. The standard deviation can be found using this technique. The values of B projected into hyperspace give rise to X. The hyperline from C to X gives rise to the skew adjusted standard deviation which is calculated in both directions of the hyperline.
SPSS Statistics is a software package used for statistical analysis. Long produced by SPSS Inc., it was acquired by IBM in 2009. The current versions (2015) are officially named IBM SPSS Statistics. Companion products in the same family are used for survey authoring and deployment (IBM SPSS Data Collection), data mining (IBM SPSS Modeler), text analytics, and collaboration and deployment (batch and automated scoring services).
The software name originally stood for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), reflecting the original market, although the software is now popular in other fields as well, including the health sciences and marketing.
SPSS is a widely used program for statistical analysis in social science. It is also used by market researchers, health researchers, survey companies, government, education researchers, marketing organizations, data miners, and others. The original SPSS manual (Nie, Bent & Hull, 1970) has been described as one of "sociology's most influential books" for allowing ordinary researchers to do their own statistical analysis. In addition to statistical analysis, data management (case selection, file reshaping, creating derived data) and data documentation (a metadata dictionary was stored in the datafile) are features of the base software.
Bootstrap is very simple technique used for small samples. Major takeaways from video are: What?: Resampling with replacement from sample data. Why?: To find std errors without invoking CLT. How?: K times repetitive sampling of size n (observation). When to use?: Most suitable for small sample sizes. Major Advantage: No need to invoke CLT or normality assumption
This short video gives an explanation of the concept of confidence intervals, with helpful diagrams and examples. Find out more on Statistics Learning Centre: http://statslc.com
http://how2stats.blogspot.com/2011/09/heteroskedasticity-adjusted-standard.html I demonstrate how to estimate accurate standard errors in multiple regression in the presence of heteroscedasticity. To do so, I run a macro developed by Andew F. Hayes which can be found here: http://www.afhayes.com/spss-sas-and-mplus-macros-and-code.html Once the macro has been run (only once), you need to run the following syntax: HCREG dv = "variable_name" /iv = "variable_name1" "variable_name2", etc. /const = 1 /method = 3 /covmat = 1 /test = 1
Lecturer: Dr. Erin M. Buchanan Missouri State University Spring 2015 Mediation analysis video covering model 4 in the process plug in (Hayes, 2013). Lecture materials and assignment available at statstools.com. http://statstools.com/learn/advanced-statistics/
In this Bootstrap 3 Tutorial, we will be creating a popup modal which can display text, images, videos or any other HTML element. Bootstrap: http://getbootstrap.com Code: http://www.coders-guide.com/watch?v=56 Website: http://coders-guide.com Twitter: http://twitter.com/coders_guide Facebook: http://goo.gl/DmWtB Google+: http://goo.gl/cGyk8 Donate: http://goo.gl/q3MPw
Stata 14 lets you estimate the Satorra-Bentler adjusted model test. In this short video we show you how to specify that Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-squared test that can be used in place of the usual likelihood ratio test when estimating an SEM with nonnormal data. For more information about Satorra-Benter adjustments in Stata, see http://www.stata.com/stata14/sem-satorra-bentler. Copyright 2011-2017 StataCorp LLC. All rights reserved.
Advancing the Blog: 9 - Django Crispy Forms ** Advancing the Blog ** is an extended look at building a modern blog with the Django Framework while leveraging other technologies such as jQuery, Markdown, Bootstrap, APIs, and more. We will be starting where Try Django 1.9 left off to create a powerful blog ready for the modern era. It is highly recommend to start with Try Django 1.9 before starting this series. Watch Try Django 1.9 here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEsfXFp6DpzQFqfCur9CJ4QnKQTVXUsRy Subscribe to our channel: http://bit.ly/1kxmkzq Generally the topics will include: - Django Project Setup - Class Based Views (& some Function Based Views) - Models, Model Forms, Forms, Form Validation - Integrate Bootstrap front-end framework. - Django Registration Redux for Au...
A brief tutorial on how to use the technique of Cross Validation to estimate machine learning algorithm's performance and to choose between different models.
This video demonstrates how to conduct an ANOVA with a Bonferroni correction (Bonferroni post hoc test) in SPSS. Two different methods of conducting a Bonferroni correction are reviewed. This correction reduces the Type I Error rate when testing multiple hypotheses.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/OfficialTomHeylen RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN TUTORIAL FOR BEGINNERS – MOBILE WEBDESIGN - HTML5 css3 Please have a look at my webpage where you can find extra information and download the pdf version. http://tomtomheylen.com/categories/Responsive_web_design/Responsive_web_design_part_1.php Exercise file http://tomtomheylen.com/download_file.php?file=responsive1_final&extention;=html NEXT VIDEO – responsive images, videos, menus, backgrounds and hiding elements http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hTkEV43P_Q IN THIS VIDEO YOU WILL LEARN How to make a responsive webpage using HTML and css The difference between a mobile website and a responsive website and why not to use the mobile version. You should have a basic understanding of html and css in order to fo...
This is a model fit exercise during a CFA in AMOS. I demonstrate how to build a good looking model, and then I address model fit issues, including modification indices and standardized residual covariances. I also discuss briefly the thresholds for goodness of fit measures. For a reference, you can use: Litze Hu & Peter M. Bentler (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6:1, 1-55
Determing the accuracy of a diagnostic-evaluative test in predicting a dichotomous outcome. For methods to determine a cut-off score for the diagnosis of the outcome, please see ROC Curve Part 2 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WO8Re7YqnP0). The following resource can be used to determine sample sizes for ROC analysis: Hanley JA, & McNeil BJ. (1982). The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 143(1), 29-36.
In this video, you will learn how to find out the 3 month and 4 monthly moving average for demand forecasting.
Technique for replacing missing data using the regression method. Appropriate for data that may be missing randomly or non-randomly. Also appropriate for data that will be used in inferential analysis. Determining randomness of missing data can be confirmed with Little's MCAR Test (http://youtu.be/6ybgVTabJ6s). Resources: FAQ- http://sites.stat.psu.edu/~jls/mifaq.html Schafer, Joseph L. "Multiple imputation: a primer." Statistical methods in medical research 8.1 (1999): 3-15. Sterne, Jonathan AC, et al. "Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls." BMJ: British Medical Journal 338 (2009). McKnight, Patrick E., Katherine M. McKnight, and Aurelio Jose Figueredo. Missing data: A gentle introduction. Guilford Press, 2007. Haukoo...
SPSS Tutorials: Binary Logistic Regression is part of the Departmental of Methodology Software tutorials sponsored by a grant from the LSE Annual Fund. For more information on the Departmental of Methodology visit www.lse.ac.uk/methodologyInstitute or follow us on twitter.com/MethodologyLSE LSE Annual Fund webpage http://www.alumni.lse.ac.uk/olc/pub/LHE/filemanager/annualfund/default.htm
R Statistics Basics Continued: Cleaning up your data via the "subset(...)" function. One way to remove outliers in R (a rather visual, qualitative way). Removing missing data (NAs, NaNs). More R Ssoftware and Econometrics Videos: http://sites.google.com/site/curtiskephart/ta/econ113 ------Video----Outline-------- Cleaning Up Your Data 2:11 Looking for outliers and non-numeric values -• str(...) -• summary(...) -• hist(...) 4:35 Dealing with outliers -• Do you really want to remove these? -• subset(...) 8:08 Dealing with non-numeric values (NAs or NaNs). -• Summary Stats with NAs -• Removing NAs ----------------------------------- References: - R Code from this Video: http://sites.google.com/site/curtiskephart/data/Cleaning%20up%20your%20data.R - Download Data f...
SPSS provides a correction to the t-test in cases where there are unequal variances. However, when one has unequal variances and unequal sample sizes, this correction is no longer accurate. In this video, I demonstrate a simple approach to dealing with the problem of unequal variances and sample sizes.
Once you have determined that you have violated the assumption of homoskedasticity of prediction errors in the context of OLS regression, then you may need to come up with an alternative strategy for estimating regression parameters - and most importantly, the standard errors. Weighted least squares (WLS) is one such option. This video provides a brief illustration of steps for carrying out weighted least squares (WLS) regression in SPSS.
Bootstrap is very simple technique used for small samples. Major takeaways from video are: What?: Resampling with replacement from sample data. Why?: To find std errors without invoking CLT. How?: K times repetitive sampling of size n (observation). When to use?: Most suitable for small sample sizes. Major Advantage: No need to invoke CLT or normality assumption
This short video gives an explanation of the concept of confidence intervals, with helpful diagrams and examples. Find out more on Statistics Learning Centre: http://statslc.com
http://how2stats.blogspot.com/2011/09/heteroskedasticity-adjusted-standard.html I demonstrate how to estimate accurate standard errors in multiple regression in the presence of heteroscedasticity. To do so, I run a macro developed by Andew F. Hayes which can be found here: http://www.afhayes.com/spss-sas-and-mplus-macros-and-code.html Once the macro has been run (only once), you need to run the following syntax: HCREG dv = "variable_name" /iv = "variable_name1" "variable_name2", etc. /const = 1 /method = 3 /covmat = 1 /test = 1
Lecturer: Dr. Erin M. Buchanan Missouri State University Spring 2015 Mediation analysis video covering model 4 in the process plug in (Hayes, 2013). Lecture materials and assignment available at statstools.com. http://statstools.com/learn/advanced-statistics/
In this Bootstrap 3 Tutorial, we will be creating a popup modal which can display text, images, videos or any other HTML element. Bootstrap: http://getbootstrap.com Code: http://www.coders-guide.com/watch?v=56 Website: http://coders-guide.com Twitter: http://twitter.com/coders_guide Facebook: http://goo.gl/DmWtB Google+: http://goo.gl/cGyk8 Donate: http://goo.gl/q3MPw
Stata 14 lets you estimate the Satorra-Bentler adjusted model test. In this short video we show you how to specify that Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-squared test that can be used in place of the usual likelihood ratio test when estimating an SEM with nonnormal data. For more information about Satorra-Benter adjustments in Stata, see http://www.stata.com/stata14/sem-satorra-bentler. Copyright 2011-2017 StataCorp LLC. All rights reserved.
Advancing the Blog: 9 - Django Crispy Forms ** Advancing the Blog ** is an extended look at building a modern blog with the Django Framework while leveraging other technologies such as jQuery, Markdown, Bootstrap, APIs, and more. We will be starting where Try Django 1.9 left off to create a powerful blog ready for the modern era. It is highly recommend to start with Try Django 1.9 before starting this series. Watch Try Django 1.9 here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEsfXFp6DpzQFqfCur9CJ4QnKQTVXUsRy Subscribe to our channel: http://bit.ly/1kxmkzq Generally the topics will include: - Django Project Setup - Class Based Views (& some Function Based Views) - Models, Model Forms, Forms, Form Validation - Integrate Bootstrap front-end framework. - Django Registration Redux for Au...
A brief tutorial on how to use the technique of Cross Validation to estimate machine learning algorithm's performance and to choose between different models.
This video demonstrates how to conduct an ANOVA with a Bonferroni correction (Bonferroni post hoc test) in SPSS. Two different methods of conducting a Bonferroni correction are reviewed. This correction reduces the Type I Error rate when testing multiple hypotheses.
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/OfficialTomHeylen RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN TUTORIAL FOR BEGINNERS – MOBILE WEBDESIGN - HTML5 css3 Please have a look at my webpage where you can find extra information and download the pdf version. http://tomtomheylen.com/categories/Responsive_web_design/Responsive_web_design_part_1.php Exercise file http://tomtomheylen.com/download_file.php?file=responsive1_final&extention;=html NEXT VIDEO – responsive images, videos, menus, backgrounds and hiding elements http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hTkEV43P_Q IN THIS VIDEO YOU WILL LEARN How to make a responsive webpage using HTML and css The difference between a mobile website and a responsive website and why not to use the mobile version. You should have a basic understanding of html and css in order to fo...
This is a model fit exercise during a CFA in AMOS. I demonstrate how to build a good looking model, and then I address model fit issues, including modification indices and standardized residual covariances. I also discuss briefly the thresholds for goodness of fit measures. For a reference, you can use: Litze Hu & Peter M. Bentler (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6:1, 1-55
Determing the accuracy of a diagnostic-evaluative test in predicting a dichotomous outcome. For methods to determine a cut-off score for the diagnosis of the outcome, please see ROC Curve Part 2 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WO8Re7YqnP0). The following resource can be used to determine sample sizes for ROC analysis: Hanley JA, & McNeil BJ. (1982). The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology. 143(1), 29-36.
In this video, you will learn how to find out the 3 month and 4 monthly moving average for demand forecasting.
Technique for replacing missing data using the regression method. Appropriate for data that may be missing randomly or non-randomly. Also appropriate for data that will be used in inferential analysis. Determining randomness of missing data can be confirmed with Little's MCAR Test (http://youtu.be/6ybgVTabJ6s). Resources: FAQ- http://sites.stat.psu.edu/~jls/mifaq.html Schafer, Joseph L. "Multiple imputation: a primer." Statistical methods in medical research 8.1 (1999): 3-15. Sterne, Jonathan AC, et al. "Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls." BMJ: British Medical Journal 338 (2009). McKnight, Patrick E., Katherine M. McKnight, and Aurelio Jose Figueredo. Missing data: A gentle introduction. Guilford Press, 2007. Haukoo...
SPSS Tutorials: Binary Logistic Regression is part of the Departmental of Methodology Software tutorials sponsored by a grant from the LSE Annual Fund. For more information on the Departmental of Methodology visit www.lse.ac.uk/methodologyInstitute or follow us on twitter.com/MethodologyLSE LSE Annual Fund webpage http://www.alumni.lse.ac.uk/olc/pub/LHE/filemanager/annualfund/default.htm
R Statistics Basics Continued: Cleaning up your data via the "subset(...)" function. One way to remove outliers in R (a rather visual, qualitative way). Removing missing data (NAs, NaNs). More R Ssoftware and Econometrics Videos: http://sites.google.com/site/curtiskephart/ta/econ113 ------Video----Outline-------- Cleaning Up Your Data 2:11 Looking for outliers and non-numeric values -• str(...) -• summary(...) -• hist(...) 4:35 Dealing with outliers -• Do you really want to remove these? -• subset(...) 8:08 Dealing with non-numeric values (NAs or NaNs). -• Summary Stats with NAs -• Removing NAs ----------------------------------- References: - R Code from this Video: http://sites.google.com/site/curtiskephart/data/Cleaning%20up%20your%20data.R - Download Data f...
SPSS provides a correction to the t-test in cases where there are unequal variances. However, when one has unequal variances and unequal sample sizes, this correction is no longer accurate. In this video, I demonstrate a simple approach to dealing with the problem of unequal variances and sample sizes.
Once you have determined that you have violated the assumption of homoskedasticity of prediction errors in the context of OLS regression, then you may need to come up with an alternative strategy for estimating regression parameters - and most importantly, the standard errors. Weighted least squares (WLS) is one such option. This video provides a brief illustration of steps for carrying out weighted least squares (WLS) regression in SPSS.
Lecturer: Dr. Erin M. Buchanan Missouri State University Spring 2015 Mediation analysis video covering model 4 in the process plug in (Hayes, 2013). Lecture materials and assignment available at statstools.com. http://statstools.com/learn/advanced-statistics/
Technique for replacing missing data using the regression method. Appropriate for data that may be missing randomly or non-randomly. Also appropriate for data that will be used in inferential analysis. Determining randomness of missing data can be confirmed with Little's MCAR Test (http://youtu.be/6ybgVTabJ6s). Resources: FAQ- http://sites.stat.psu.edu/~jls/mifaq.html Schafer, Joseph L. "Multiple imputation: a primer." Statistical methods in medical research 8.1 (1999): 3-15. Sterne, Jonathan AC, et al. "Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls." BMJ: British Medical Journal 338 (2009). McKnight, Patrick E., Katherine M. McKnight, and Aurelio Jose Figueredo. Missing data: A gentle introduction. Guilford Press, 2007. Haukoo...
Description: In a straightforward and accessible manner, The Dhandho Investor lays out the powerful framework of value investing. Written with the intelligent individual investor in mind, this comprehensive guide distills the Dhandho capital allocation framework of the business savvy Patels from India and presents how they can be applied successfully to the stock market. The Dhandho method expands on the groundbreaking principles of value investing expounded by Benjamin Graham, Warren Buffett, and Charlie Munger. Readers will be introduced to important value investing concepts such as "Heads, I win! Tails, I don't lose that much!," "Few Bets, Big Bets, Infrequent Bets," Abhimanyu's dilemma, and a detailed treatise on using the Kelly Formula to invest in undervalued stocks. Using a light, ...
Featuring Geoff Cumming La Trobe University, Australia Leading scholars in psychology and other disciplines are striving to help scientists enhance the way they conduct, analyze, and report their research. They advocate the use of “the new statistics,”— effect sizes, confidence intervals, and meta-analysis. APS’ flagship journal, Psychological Science, has been inviting authors to use the “new statistics” as part of a comprehensive effort to enhance research methodology. In this workshop, Geoff Cumming, a leading expert in new statistics, explains why all these changes are necessary, and suggests how psychological scientists can implement them. The workshop was recorded at the 2014 APS Annual Convention in San Francisco, and is presented here as six video segments. It makes extensive use...
MIT 6.034 Artificial Intelligence, Fall 2010 View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/6-034F10 Instructor: Patrick Winston Can multiple weak classifiers be used to make a strong one? We examine the boosting algorithm, which adjusts the weight of each classifier, and work through the math. We end with how boosting doesn't seem to overfit, and mention some applications. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu
Check out the live stream on Day 1 of the Polymer Developer Summit 2017, Copenhagen. Join us for two days of talks, codelabs, and breakout sessions from the Polymer team, Googlers and major companies using Polymer and Web Components. Subscribe to the Google Chrome Developers channel: http://goo.gl/LLLNvf Music by Terra Monk: https://goo.gl/hLGjvK
In this tutorial we are going to create a one page WordPress website. As a bonus we going to use the parallax effect and create a WordPress Parallax Website tutorial. Get The Divi Theme (affiliate link): http://www.elegantthemes.com/affiliates/idevaffiliate.php?id=26271&tid1;=yt&tid2;=one-page Creating a one page website can be a great option. If your product or service is simple it can be a great way to deliver your message to your viewers. You can even link with in your one page website to specific sections. This will allow you to create a website menu or to create external links that will go to a specific part of the webpage. Watch the video or check the index below to see specifically how to do that. This tutorial features a WordPress parallax website. In this specific example the p...
After decades of (mostly) successful one-way missions from Earth to Mars, NASA is now considering the possibility of returning scientifically-selected samples of Mars rock, soil, and atmosphere to Earth for detailed analysis in our most capable laboratories. The Mars Sample Return mission is a fascinating systems engineering challenge. It involves all of the usual operations of a Mars rover mission, but adds new functions to package and launch the samples into Mars orbit, capture them, and return them safely to Earth. Because the Mars samples may contain biologically active materials, prudence dictates that we treat the samples as potentially hazardous unless contained or sterilized. A number of new technologies are needed to enable this mission: (1) a Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) to bring th...
Richard Samworth, University of Cambridge Succinct Data Representations and Applications http://simons.berkeley.edu/talks/richard-samworth-2013-09-18
An introduction to the difference between fixed effects and random effects models, and the Hausman Test for Panel Data models.
Announcements (Igor Minar) slides - http://goo.gl/0RfNZM Main Talk: Complex forms with advanced directives in AngularJS Speaker: Matias Niemelä (bio below) Slides: http://goo.gl/SuJVwA Developing forms in Angular is a challenging task since there are so many moving parts involved. Should we be tossing everything into a large controller? Is there such a thing as too much HTML code? Should we be using more directives and, if so, how can they share form data in a smart and efficient manner? Is there a right way to go about doing this? By intelligently using directives in our template code, we can always improve the flexibility and reusability of our form-based code. Let’s explore the best practices and new features of AngularJS for form building and construct a dynamic survey-building to...
Victor Chernozhukov of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology provides a general framework for estimating and drawing inference about a low-dimensional parameter in the presence of a high-dimensional nuisance parameter using a generation of nonparametric statistical (machine learning) methods.
Lecture given at the University of Sussex 2012. Relates to the Regression chapter of my textbooks. Introduces the linear model (Regression). Discusses what simple and multiple regression are, what the b values represent, and how to test the fit of the model with R-square and the F-Ratio. It also has a description of bootstrapping involving a pink hippo, what more can you ask for?
Learn Django Basics in the Try Django Tutorial Series (2017). This series is a step-by-step tutorial covering the basics of the Django web framework. Jump to sections below: 2 - Walkthrough (0:03:54) 3 - Getting Started with Django (0:07:48) 4 - Four Your Reference (0:31:58) 5 - What Django Does (0:34:38) 6 - Rendering HTML (0:45:15) 7 - Render a Django Template (0:50:02) 8 - Context in Django Templates (0:59:18) 9 - Template Inheritance (1:08:39) 10 - Include Template Tag (1:22:45) 11 - Reactivate Virtualenv (1:28:48) 12 - Class Based Views (1:30:02) 13 - Template View (1:38:31) 14 - Remembering Things with Models (1:46:04) 15 - More on Model Fields (1:57:10) 16 - Displaying Saved Data (2:06:12) 17 - Understanding QuerySets (2:16:02) 18 - Generic List View (2:25:19) 19 - Restaurant Prof...
MIT 15.S21 Nuts and Bolts of Business Plans, IAP 2014 View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/15-S21IAP14 Instructor: Charlie Tillett This portion of the program will introduce some financial projection techniques based on actual business experience. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu
Check in to the livestream to watch day 1 of GDD Europe '17! This livestream will cover all sessions taking place on the Theatre stage of the ICE Congress Center here in Krakow, Poland. Check out the Day 1 event schedule here: https://goo.gl/MKSKfX Google Developer Days (GDD) are global events showcasing the latest developer products and platforms from Google to help you quickly develop high quality apps, grow & retain an active user base, and tap into tools to earn more. Music by Terra Monk: https://goo.gl/t9AkfX #GDDEurope
https://elements.psu.edu/2016/sessions/frameworks-using-bootstrap-and-codeigniter-build-awesome-applications
4th webinar in a series of 6 entitled Best Practices for Integrating Patient-Reported Outcomes (PROs) in Oncology Clinical Trials from the National Cancer Institute and the International Society for Quality of Life Research
In Lecture 14 we move from supervised learning to reinforcement learning (RL), in which an agent must learn to interact with an environment in order to maximize its reward. We formalize reinforcement learning using the language of Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), policies, value functions, and Q-Value functions. We discuss different algorithms for reinforcement learning including Q-Learning, policy gradients, and Actor-Critic. We show how deep reinforcement learning has been used to play Atari games and to achieve super-human Go performance in AlphaGo. Keywords: Reinforcement learning, RL, Markov decision process, MDP, Q-Learning, policy gradients, REINFORCE, actor-critic, Atari games, AlphaGo Slides: http://cs231n.stanford.edu/slides/2017/cs231n_2017_lecture14.pdf --------------------...
In statistics, resampling is any of a variety of methods for doing one of the following: Estimating the precision of sample statistics by using subsets of available data or drawing randomly with replacement from a set of data points This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video