Futian District

Futian District (simplified Chinese: 福田区; traditional Chinese: 福田區; pinyin: Fútián Qū; Jyutping: fuk¹tin⁴ keoi¹) is one of six districts comprising the city of Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. The district is home to the government and Municipal Committee of Shenzhen, as well as the central business district of the city.

Name

There are two arguments concerning the origin of the district's name:

History

Luohu District was established in April 1979, one month after Shenzhen was promoted to city status. Futian, and another area called Fucheng (附城), became communes within the Luohu District.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong (香港; "Fragrant Harbour"), officially Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the southern coast of China at the Pearl River Estuary and the South China Sea. Hong Kong is known for its skyline and deep natural harbour. It has a land area of 1104 km² and shares its northern border with Guangdong Province of Mainland China. With around 7.2 million inhabitants of various nationalities, Hong Kong is one of the world's most densely populated metropolises.

After the First Opium War (1839–42), Hong Kong became a British colony with the perpetual cession of Hong Kong Island, followed by Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and a 99-year lease of the New Territories from 1898. Hong Kong remained under British control for about a century until the Second World War, when Japan occupied the colony from December 1941 to August 1945. After the Surrender of Japan, the British resumed control. In the 1980s, negotiations between the United Kingdom and the China resulted in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration, which provided for the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong on 30 June 1997. The territory became a special administrative region of China with a high degree of autonomy on 1 July 1997 under the principle of one country, two systems. Disputes over the perceived misapplication of this principle have contributed to popular protests, including the 2014 Umbrella Revolution.

Futian Port

Futian Port (Chinese: 福田口岸) is an immigration port of entry on the border between mainland China and Hong Kong, located in the Futian District of Shenzhen in mainland China. It is in the same building as Shenzhen Metro's Futian Checkpoint Station and acts as the Hong Kong counterpart to the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point.

It is connected with Hong Kong's Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point and MTR's Lok Ma Chau Station in Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong through a pedestrian footbridge. It has been in operation since 15 August 2007 and is the second border crossing along the border with a railway connection, after Luohu Port/Lo Wu Control Point.

Pedestrian bridge

The Shenzhen subway at Futian Port is connected to the East Railway Station in Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong by Futian-Lok Ma Chau Pedestrian Bridge. This is a double-deck bridge with a cable-stayed on the top, which is novel and unique all over the world. Its length is 211 metres (692 ft), the depth of deeper side is 87 metres (285 ft), and the width is 16.5 metres (54 ft). The upper and the lower layers are both unidirectional; to make sure that the passengers will not meet. Also, there is an immigration control point at both sides of the bridge. Besides, there are passages for the blind on the bridge. On the east of the bridge is the united checking building and on its west is the united checking building of Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong. Because of the subway and the united checking building, and the subway and the ground transportation together carrying the passengers entering and exiting, it will become a three-dimensional transportation thoroughfare between underground and ground. And squares, grassland and roads will be built around the stations and united checking building according to the region planning. After that, the number of passengers every day will be 190 thousand at most. And the passengers from Hong Kong and Macau will spend only 15 seconds entering.

Mainland China

Mainland China (中国大陆), Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geographical and political term to describe the geopolitical area under the direct jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It generally excludes the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau; however, it usually includes Hainan. The term "mainland China", which avoids calling the area simply "China" and thereby recognizing the founding of the PRC as the "China", was coined by the Kuomintang (KMT) after it took control of Taiwan, particularly after 1949, when the KMT-led Republic of China (ROC) government was defeated in the Chinese Civil War on the mainland and fled to Taiwan, and pledged to "retake the Mainland". The KMT considers both sides of the Taiwan Strait (including Taiwan), as (one) "China" and one country, whereas Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) considers only mainland China as "China" and Taiwan (ROC) as "Taiwan" and maintains that they are different countries.