Hampstead

Coordinates: 51°33′15″N 0°10′28″W / 51.5541°N 0.1744°W / 51.5541; -0.1744

Hampstead (/ˈhæmpstɪd/ or /-stɛd/), commonly known as Hampstead Village, is an area of London, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of Charing Cross. Part of the London Borough of Camden, it is known for its intellectual, liberal, artistic, musical and literary associations and for Hampstead Heath, a large, hilly expanse of parkland. It has some of the most expensive housing in the London area. The village of Hampstead has more millionaires within its boundaries than any other area of the United Kingdom.

History

Toponymy

The name comes from the Anglo-Saxon words ham and stede, which means, and is a cognate of, the Modern English "homestead".

To 1900

Early records of Hampstead can be found in a grant by King Ethelred the Unready to the monastery of St. Peter's at Westminster (AD 986) and it is referred to in the Domesday Book (1086) as being in the hundred of Ossulstone.

The growth of Hampstead is generally traced back to the 17th century. Trustees of the Well started advertising the medicinal qualities of the chalybeate waters (water impregnated with iron) in 1700. Although Hampstead Wells was initially most successful and fashionable, its popularity declined in the 1800s due to competition with other fashionable London spas. The spa was demolished in 1882, although a water fountain was left behind.

Hampstead Heath

Coordinates: 51°33′37″N 0°9′39″W / 51.56028°N 0.16083°W / 51.56028; -0.16083 Hampstead Heath (locally known as "the Heath") is a large, ancient London park, covering 320 hectares (790 acres). This grassy public space sits astride a sandy ridge, one of the highest points in London, running from Hampstead to Highgate, which rests on a band of London Clay. The Heath is rambling and hilly, embracing ponds, recent and ancient woodlands, a lido, playgrounds, and a training track, and it adjoins the stately home of Kenwood House and its grounds. The south-east part of the Heath is Parliament Hill, from which the view over London is protected by law.

Running along its eastern perimeter are a chain of ponds – including three open-air public swimming pools – which were originally reservoirs for drinking water from the River Fleet. The Heath is a Site of Metropolitan Importance for Nature Conservation, and part of Kenwood is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. Lakeside concerts are held there in summer. The Heath is managed by the City of London Corporation, and lies mostly within the London Borough of Camden with the adjoining Hampstead Heath Extension and Golders Hill Park in the London Borough of Barnet.

The Bartlett

The Bartlett is the Faculty of the Built Environment of University College London (UCL) and one of UCL's 11 constituent faculties. University College London created the first chair of architecture in 1841, making The Bartlett the first architecture and built environment school established in the UK. The school is named after the original benefactor, Sir Herbert Bartlett. It is home to The Bartlett School of Architecture, one of the most prestigious and competitive architecture schools in the world, ranking 2nd in the world in the 2015 QS World University Rankings by Subject.

Education

The Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment is the UK's largest and leading multidisciplinary faculty of the built environment, covering architecture, planning, construction and project management, development planning and environmental design as well as many other specialist fields. It is particularly well known for its architecture and planning schools following the leadership of Sir Peter Cook and Sir Peter Hall respectively in the 1990s. The faculty undertakes research in the built environment, and is known for developing the space syntax theory.

Portrush Road, Adelaide

Portrush Road is a major part of National Route A17, a bypass route in Adelaide, the capital of South Australia.

It runs north-south through the south-eastern and eastern suburbs of Adelaide, at the foot of the Adelaide Hills. The southern end is at the beginning of National Route M1, the South Eastern Freeway (the major route from Melbourne and the south-east of South Australia), which is also the intersection with the south-eastern ends of Cross Road (State Route A3) and Glen Osmond Road (State Route A1).

Portrush Road extends north from there to Payneham Road (State Route A11), crossing the four major arterial routes from the south-eastern and eastern suburbs into the city: Greenhill Road, Kensington Road, The Parade and Magill Road. Portrush road carries approximately 36,000 vehicles per day, including heavy freight trucks. It is an authorised route for trucks up to 26 metres (85 ft) B-double and 25 metres (82 ft) vehicle carrier size.

Had the Metropolitan Adelaide Transport Study of the 1960s progressed, a Hills Freeway would have been constructed to link the South Eastern Freeway to the Port of Adelaide. This would have subsequently removed the freight that utilises Portrush Road (and the A17 Route altogether) today.

London

London ⁱ/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km²) medieval boundaries and in 2011 had a resident population of 7,375, making it the smallest city in England. Since at least the 19th century, the term London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms Greater London, a region of England governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The conurbation also covers two English counties: the small district of the City of London and the county of Greater London. The latter constitutes the vast majority of London, though historically it was split between Middlesex (a now abolished county), Essex, Surrey, Kent and Hertfordshire.