Oxendolone

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Not to be confused with oxandrolone.
Oxendolone
Oxendolone.svg
Clinical data
Trade names Prostetin, Roxenone
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life 5–6 days (intramuscular)[1]
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
Chemical and physical data
Formula C20H30O2
Molar mass 302.451 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)

Oxendolone (INN, USAN, JAN) (brand names Prostetin, Roxenone; former developmental code name TSAA-291), also known as 16β-ethyl-19-nortestosterone or 16β-ethylestr-4-en-17β-ol-3-one, is a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin of the 19-nortestosterone group that has been marketed in Japan by Takeda for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) since 1981.[2][3][4][5][6] It binds to the androgen receptor (AR) (Ki = 320 nM) and progesterone receptor (Ki = 20 nM) and acts as a weak but clinically relevant inhibitor of 5α-reductase (IC50 = 1.4 μM).[7][8][9][10] The binding affinity of oxendolone for the AR is far lower than that of cyproterone acetate.[1] At the AR, oxendolone is not a silent antagonist but is rather predominantly antagonistic with weak agonistic activity;[8] for this reason, it has been described as a selective androgen receptor modulator.[11] The drug has antigonadotropic properties via its progestogenic actions.[12] Although oxendolone is approved for the treatment of BPH in Japan, concerns have been raised about its use for this condition due to poor efficacy seen in clinical trials.[6]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Gao, Wenqing; Bohl, Casey E.; Dalton, James T. (2005). "Chemistry and Structural Biology of Androgen Receptor". Chemical Reviews. 105 (9): 3352–3370. doi:10.1021/cr020456u. ISSN 0009-2665. PMC 2096617Freely accessible. PMID 16159155. 
  2. ^ J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 914–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3. 
  3. ^ William Andrew Publishing (22 October 2013). Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition. Elsevier. pp. 2935–. ISBN 978-0-8155-1856-3. 
  4. ^ Martin Negwer; Hans-Georg Scharnow (2001). Organic-chemical drugs and their synonyms: (an international survey). Wiley-VCH. p. 2023. ISBN 978-3-527-30247-5. 
  5. ^ Tan, MH Eileen; Li, Jun; Xu, H Eric; Melcher, Karsten; Yong, Eu-leong (2014). "Androgen receptor: structure, role in prostate cancer and drug discovery". Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 36 (1): 3–23. doi:10.1038/aps.2014.18. ISSN 1671-4083. 
  6. ^ a b Ishizuka, Osamu; Nishizawa, Osamu; Hirao, Yoshihiko; Ohshima, Shinichi (2002). "Evidence-based meta-analysis of pharmacotherapy for benign prostatic hypertrophy". International Journal of Urology. 9 (11): 607–612. doi:10.1046/j.1442-2042.2002.00539.x. ISSN 0919-8172. 
  7. ^ Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry. Academic Press. 8 September 1989. pp. 199–. ISBN 978-0-08-058368-6. 
  8. ^ a b Annual report of Shionogi Research Laboratories. 1991. pp. 76–77. 
  9. ^ Kirby, RogerS.; Christmas, Timothy (1991). "The potential value of 5-alpha-reductase inhibition in the treatment of bladder outflow obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia". World Journal of Urology. 9 (1). doi:10.1007/BF00184713. ISSN 0724-4983. 
  10. ^ Bashirelahi, N.; Ganesan, S.; Ekiko, D.B.; Young, J.D.; Shida, K.; Yamanaka, H.; Takahashi, E. (1986). "Effect of 16β-ethyl-17β-hydroxy-4-estren-3-one (tsaa-291) on the binding of promegestone (r5020) and methyltrienolone (r1881) to hyperplastic and neoplastic human prostate". Journal of Steroid Biochemistry. 25 (3): 367–374. doi:10.1016/0022-4731(86)90249-9. ISSN 0022-4731. 
  11. ^ Hikichi, Yukiko; Yamaoka, Masuo; Kusaka, Masami; Hara, Takahito (2015). "Selective androgen receptor modulator activity of a steroidal antiandrogen TSAA-291 and its cofactor recruitment profile". European Journal of Pharmacology. 765: 322–331. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.052. ISSN 0014-2999. 
  12. ^ Sudo, K.; Yamazaki, I.; Masuoka, M.; Nakayama, R. (1979). "IV. EFFECTS OF THE ANTI-ANDROGEN TSAA-291 (16 -ETHYL-17 -HYDROXY-4-OESTREN-3-ONE) ON THE SECRETION OF GONADOTROPHINS". European Journal of Endocrinology. 92 (3 Supplb): S53–S66. doi:10.1530/acta.0.092S053. ISSN 0804-4643. 


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