Victoria, Texas

Victoria
Victoria
	City and County seat
City of Victoria
	Downtown Victoria in December 2007
	; Seal
	; Seal
	; Location in the state of Texas
	Victoria Victoria Location in the state of Texas
	Coordinates: 28°49′1″N 96°59′36″W / 28.81694°N 96.99333°WCoordinates: 28°49′1″N 96°59′36″W / 28.81694°N 96.99333°W
Country	United States
State	Texas
County	Victoria
Government
• Type	Council-manager
• City Council	Mayor Paul Polasek; Tom Halepaska; Emett Alvarez; Jan Scott; Josephine Soliz; Dr. Andrew Young; Jeff Bauknight
• City Manager	Charmelle Garrett
Area
• City and County seat	33.1 sq mi (85.8 km2)
• Land	33.0 sq mi (85.9 km2)
• Water	0.2 sq mi (0.2 km2)
Elevation	95 ft (29 m)
Population (2010)
• City and County seat	62,592
• Metro	116,000
Time zone	CST (UTC-6)
• Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code	77901, 77902, 77903, 77904, 77905
Area code(s)	361
FIPS code	48-75428
GNIS feature ID	1370631
Website	City of Victoria

Victoria is the largest city and county seat of Victoria County, Texas. The population was 62,592 as of the 2010 census. The three counties of the Victoria Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 111,163 as of the 2000 census.^[3]

Victoria is located 30 miles inland from the Gulf of Mexico. The city is a regional hub for a seven-county area known as the "Golden Crescent", and serves a retail trade area of over 250,000 people. Victoria is known as "The Crossroads" because of its location within a two-hour drive of Corpus Christi, Houston, San Antonio, and Austin.

Victoria is named for General Guadalupe Victoria, who became the first president of independent Mexico.^[4] Victoria is the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Victoria in Texas.

History[edit]

Geography[edit]

Victoria is located on the coastal plains of Texas about 50 miles from the Gulf of Mexico and 20 miles from the nearest bay waters. It lies along and just to the east of the Guadalupe River. The topography is mostly flat to slightly rolling with an average elevation of 95 feet. Most of the city is underlain by smectite-rich clay which is locally capped by silt or fine sand; the high shrink-swell potential associated with smectite creates major challenges to urban infrastructure.^[5] Vegetation in better-drained areas consists primarily of short grasses with post oaks and other small timber and brush. Moist sites can grow tall forests dominated by elm and pecan.^[6]

Climate[edit]

Victoria is classified as humid subtropical. June through August is very hot and humid with high temperatures regularly exceeding 90 °F. The record high temperature of 111 °F. was recorded in September 2000. Spring and autumn are generally mild to warm with lower humidity. Winters are mild with occasional cold spells. The record low temperature was recorded in December 1989, when the temperature dropped to 9 °F. Snow is very infrequent, usually occurring on average once every 11 years. On December 24–25, 2004, Victoria recorded its first White Christmas ever when 12.5 inches of snow fell.^[7]

Victoria has occasional severe weather, mostly from flooding. Hurricanes have the potential to bring severe damage to the area. Hurricane Claudette in July 2003 was the last hurricane to score a direct hit on the city. During this event, winds gusted to 83 mph at the Victoria Regional Airport and 90% of the city lost power.^{[citation needed]} The most intense hurricane to affect Victoria remains Hurricane Carla in September 1961.

Climate data for Victoria, Texas
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °F (°C)	88 (31)	96 (36)	99 (37)	100 (38)	102 (39)	107 (42)	110 (43)	109 (43)	111 (44)	109 (43)	93 (34)	88 (31)	111 (44)
Average high °F (°C)	62.8 (17.1)	66.6 (19.2)	73.4 (23)	79.2 (26.2)	85.1 (29.5)	90.3 (32.4)	93.4 (34.1)	93.7 (34.3)	89.9 (32.2)	83.0 (28.3)	73.0 (22.8)	65.2 (18.4)	79.63 (26.46)
Average low °F (°C)	43.6 (6.4)	46.7 (8.2)	53.9 (12.2)	60.1 (15.6)	68.1 (20.1)	73.3 (22.9)	75.0 (23.9)	74.6 (23.7)	70.3 (21.3)	61.6 (16.4)	52.3 (11.3)	45.2 (7.3)	60.39 (15.78)
Record low °F (°C)	9 (−13)	15 (−9)	21 (−6)	33 (1)	40 (4)	54 (12)	61 (16)	61 (16)	45 (7)	31 (−1)	18 (−8)	9 (−13)	9 (−13)
Average precipitation inches (mm)	2.44 (62)	2.04 (51.8)	2.25 (57.2)	2.97 (75.4)	5.12 (130)	4.96 (126)	2.90 (73.7)	3.05 (77.5)	5.00 (127)	4.26 (108.2)	2.64 (67.1)	2.47 (62.7)	40.1 (1,018.6)
Source: National Weather Service^[8]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1850	806		—
1860	1,986		146.4%
1870	2,534		27.6%
1890	3,046		—
1900	4,010		31.6%
1910	3,673		−8.4%
1920	5,957		62.2%
1930	7,421		24.6%
1940	11,566		55.9%
1950	16,126		39.4%
1960	33,047		104.9%
1970	41,349		25.1%
1980	50,695		22.6%
1990	55,076		8.6%
2000	60,603		10.0%
2010	62,592		3.3%
Est. 2015	67,574	^[9]	8.0%
U.S. Decennial Census

As of census^[1] of 2000, 60,603 people, 22,129 households, and 15,755 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,838.3 people per square mile (709.7/km²). There were 24,192 housing units at an average density of 733.8 per square mile (283.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 55.2% White, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 42.4% of the population, 7.59% African American, 0.51% Native American, 1.01% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 17.31% from other races, and 2.35% from two or more races.

Of the 22,129 households, 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were not families. About 24.5% of all households were made up of an individual, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.21.

In the city, the population was distributed as 28.8% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $36,829, and for a family was $42,866. Males had a median income of $34,184 versus $21,161 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,009. About 12.2% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.4% of those under the age of 18 and 12.2% ages 65 or older.

Governance[edit]

Victoria is administered by a city council of seven members. The council is composed of six council members and an elected mayor, accompanied by a hired city manager under the manager-council system of municipal governance. The council is elected under four single-member districts (numbered 1 through 4),^[10] two "super districts" (numbered 5 and 6; Super District 5 overlays Districts 1 and 2 while Super District 6 overlays Districts 3 and 4);^[11] the mayor is elected at-large.

Victoria also serves as the county seat of Victoria County.

Education[edit]

The Victoria Independent School District serves the city. Victoria has several private education options including Trinity Episcopal School, Faith Academy, Northside Baptist School, Our Lady of Victory School, Nazareth Academy, and St. Joseph High School.

Victoria College, a two-year community college, and the University of Houston–Victoria, a separate independent four-year campus of the University of Houston System, provide post-secondary educational opportunities.

Economy[edit]

Victoria's economy is a mix of education, health, retail, agriculture, and industry. Its access to major highways, the Victoria Regional Airport, railway terminals, the shallow draft Port of Victoria, and the deep water Port of Port Lavaca-Point Comfort help to sustain a healthy environment for business. Major industrial employers in the region include Formosa Plastics Corp, Inteplast Group, Dow, Invista, and Alcoa.

Arts and culture[edit]

Victoria has many performing arts and theatre events and venues. Theatre Victoria offers six productions in a season that runs from July to May. Performances are held in the newly renovated Leo J. Welder Center, a fully equipped, modern performing space located downtown. The Victoria Symphony Orchestra and Victoria Ballet provide several performances each year.

For a week each June, the Victoria Bach Festival welcomes musicians from across the country^{[citation needed]} to fill theatres, churches, and outdoor spaces with engaging musical performances.

Several museums are located in Victoria. They include the McNamara House (a social history museum), the Nave (art), the Children's Discovery Museum, and the Museum of the Coastal Bend (MCB). The MCB showcases the rich multicultural heritage of the region, and includes prominent displays of artifacts found from La Salle's colony in the late 17th century.

Presidio La Bahia and Mission Espiritu Santo is located a short 30-minute drive from Victoria. La Bahia is the best-preserved Spanish presidio in the United States, and Espiritu Santo is an excellent example of an early Spanish colonial church and mission.

Recreation[edit]

Victoria's 562-acre (2.27-km²) Riverside Park is home to the Texas Zoo, which houses more than 200 species of animals and plants indigenous to Texas, exhibiting them in their natural habitats.^[12] The park is also home to more than 15 baseball fields which are occupied during the spring and summer by teams from the Victoria Metro region. Also in Riverside Park on the Guadalupe River is the Victoria Paddling trail. This 4.2-mile stretch of the Guadalupe River is bordered by soft banks rather than the limestone bluffs of the Hill Country.

Boating and freshwater fishing are available at two area reservoirs, Lake Texana and Coleto Lake. Many residents also take advantage of the nearby Gulf of Mexico. Port O'Connor, 50 miles to the southeast, is renowned for bay, off-shore and wade fishing.

Three golf courses are located in Victoria: the Victoria Country Club, Riverside Golf Course, and Colony Creek Country Club.

The major shopping center is Victoria Mall.

Sport[edit]

The UHV Jaguars compete in baseball, softball, soccer, and golf as a member of the Red River Athletic Conference in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) Division I.

The Victoria Generals compete in the Texas Collegiate League, a summer baseball league. The Generals captured the 2010 TCL championship, their best finish in the league.

Notable people[edit]

Stone Cold Steve Austin – WWE Superstar, WWE Hall of Famer, actor
Doug Drabek – MLB pitcher, winner of 1990 Cy Young Award^[13]
Kyle Drabek – MLB pitcher^[14]
Ron Gant – former MLB player ^[15]
Doug Hazlewood, comic book creator^[16]
Edward F. Knipling – entomologist
Kevin Kolb – former NFL quarterback ^[17]
Frankie Miller – Country musician
Geanie Morrison – Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives since 1999 from District 30, which includes Victoria County
Matt Prokop – actor (High School Musical 3: Senior Year, Furry Vengeance, Geek Charming)^[18]
Cowboy Troy (Troy Lee Coleman III) – singer^{[citation needed]}
Jerheme Urban – former NFL wide receiver^[19]
Noël Wells – (SNL cast member 2013–2014; cast of Netflix original Master of None 2015)

Points of interest[edit]

Rosebud Fountain and Grill has been highlighted on Bob Phillips' Texas Country Reporter.

DeLeon Plaza and Bandstand, originally known as ‘Plaza de la Constitucion’, was one of four public squares set aside by colony founder Martin de Leon. The plaza is filled with local monuments and memorials, shade trees, a bandstand built in 1890, and information about the six flags over Texas.

The Victoria County Courthouse, located at Bridge and Constitution Streets, was built in 1892 in Romanesque architecture by James R. Gordan in the style of Henry Richardson. The structure is made of Texas granite and Indiana limestone.^{[citation needed]}

Fossati's Delicatessen is located in downtown Victoria, it was opened in 1882 by Italian immigrant Fraschio ("Frank") Napoleon Fossati. After 125 years, Fossati's is still owned and operated by the same family.

La Sendera Restaurant is located at one o conner building formerly known as (Wells Fargo Building) Near Deleon Plaza, It is the highest point in the city at 382 ft. It opened in 1992 and since has been a well known place in Victoria it offers 360 degree field of view of Victoria and an American/seafood cuisine.

The Rosebud Fountain and Grill downtown is a restoration of the diner atmosphere popular in the 1950s.^{[citation needed]} The restaurant, located in a bright-red corner building at North Main and West Constitution Streets, has been featured in Bob Phillips' Texas Country Reporter syndicated television series.

Downtown Victoria has the second-oldest Roman Catholic Church in Texas and first to be canonically established in the Republic of Texas, St. Mary's Church.^[20]

The Islamic Center of Victoria is a mosque in Victoria.^[21] It burned down on January 28, 2017.^[21]^[22] By January 31, more than $950,000 had been raised to rebuild it.^[23]^[24]

Transportation[edit]

Known as the South Texas Crossroads, Victoria is located at the intersection of three major U.S. highways:

US Highway 59 (I-69 and I-69W) is a four-lane divided, interstate-quality highway extending southwest to Laredo and northeast to Houston, where it meets Interstate 10 and Interstate 45. It is also known as the Lloyd M. Bentsen Highway. US 59 is planned to be included within the future Interstate 69 from Victoria to Tenaha (once fully completed the mainline of Interstate 69 will travel from Brownsville, Texas to Port Huron, Michigan). US 59 is planned to be included within the future Interstate 69W from Victoria to Laredo.
US Highway 77 (Future I-69E) travels north from Victoria to the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, intersecting Interstate 10, Interstate 35 and Interstate 37. US 77 travels south via a four-lane divided highway to the Rio Grande Valley. US 77 is planned to be included within the future Interstate 69E from Victoria to Brownsville.
US Highway 87 travels northwest connecting Victoria to San Antonio, providing access to Interstate 35. US 87 also connects with Port Lavaca to the southeast.

Victoria is a regional transportation hub for the surrounding counties, with local access to major large and small freight carriers, Victoria Regional Airport, railway terminals, the shallow draft Port of Victoria and the deep water Port of Port Lavaca – Point Comfort.

In 2002, Victoria Transit began operation of a city-wide transportation system. It currently offers bus service on four fixed routes consisting of 70 stops.

Gallery[edit]

Wells Fargo tops the Victoria skyline
Downtown Victoria
A second look at downtown Victoria
The historic First Baptist Church of Victoria dates to 1852, though the sanctuary was completed during the 1960s.
St. Mary's Catholic Church in downtown Victoria
Nave Museum
DeLeon Plaza and Bandstand
Confederate Monument in downtown park in Victoria
Goodwin Street in downtown Victoria