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Legality of cannabis by country

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The legal status of cannabis is evolving rapidly. This list may be out of date.
World laws on possession of small amounts of recreational cannabis.
  Legal or essentially legal
  Illegal but decriminalized
  Illegal but often unenforced
  Illegal
  No information

The legality of cannabis for general or recreational use varies from country to country. Possession of cannabis is illegal in most countries as a result of the agreement about Indian hemp, also known as hashish, in the International Opium Convention (1925).[1] However, many countries have decriminalized the possession of small quantities of cannabis; see the list below.

In the United States, medical cannabis is allowed by some state, territorial, Indian reservation, and District of Columbia law, but medical and recreation use is illegal by federal law. While federal law is controlling,[2] the Obama administration has chosen not to prosecute users operating in compliance with local medical and recreational marijuana laws.[3][4]

As of 2017, Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Czech Republic, Germany, India, Jamaica, Mexico, the Netherlands, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Uruguay, and some U.S. jurisdictions have the least restrictive cannabis laws while China, Egypt, France, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, the Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates and Vietnam have the strictest cannabis laws.[5][6]

List of countries

Contents

Country/Territory Possession Sale Transport Cultivation Notes

 Afghanistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Afghanistan
Production banned by King Zahir Shah in 1973.[7]

 Albania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Albania
The law of prohibition exists but however with high availability of cannabis plants throughout the country, this law is often unenforced.[8][9][10]

 Algeria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Algeria
Possession is illegal.[11]

 Angola

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Argentina

 Illegal (decriminalized for personal use in small amounts) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Argentina
Decriminalized for personal use in small amounts and for consumption in private locations, the Supreme Court ruled in 2009.[12]

Medical cannabis is legal in Chubut since September 23, 2016,[13] and in Santa Fe since November 30, 2016.[14]

 Armenia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Armenia

 Australia

 Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.
Decriminalised for personal use in the Northern Territory, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory.		 Illegal Illegal Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.
One or two plants may be privately grown for personal use in the Australian Capital Territory and South Australia. Personal grows of up to two plants are decriminalised in the Northern Territory.
Main article: Cannabis in Australia
Decriminalised for personal use in small amounts in the Australian Capital Territory, South Australia and the Northern Territory. It is a criminal offence in New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. In SA a person can legally grow 1 non-hydroponic plant, and in the ACT 2 non-hydroponic plants may be grown on their own property for personal use, and in the N.T two non-hydroponic plants can be fined $200 with 28 days to pay rather than face criminal charge. Enforcement varies from state to state,[15] though a criminal conviction for possession of a small amount is unlikely and diversion programs in these states aim to divert offenders into education, assessment and treatment programs.[16] With the rapid expansion in hydroponically grown cannabis cultivation, the Australian Drug Misuse and Trafficking Act (1985) was amended in 2006, reducing the amount of cannabis grown indoors under hydroponic conditions that qualifies as a 'commercial quantity' or as a 'large quantity'.[16]

On 24 February 2016, the Federal Government legalised the growing of cannabis for medicinal and scientific purposes at a federal level.[17] Subsequently, the use of medicinal cannabis was legalised by the Victorian government on 12 April 2016,[18] and in New South Wales on 1 August 2016,.[19] The usage of medicinal cannabis became legal at the federal level on 1 November 2016, with implementation varying from state-to-state.[20]

 Austria

 Possession of up to 5 grams decriminalized as of January 2016. Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Austria
Possession and purchase of up to 5 grams for personal use is decriminalized and offenders will not be punished, given that they cooperate with the health authority and undergo a therapy.[21]

 Azerbaijan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal In Azerbaijan cannabis is illegal, but possession of small quantities of the drug for personal use is not a criminal offense. However, the law enforcement is required to inform the family of the person about their addiction.[22]

 Bahrain

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bahrain

 Bangladesh

 Illegal, but mostly tolerated Illegal, but mostly tolerated Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bangladesh
Sale banned in 1989.[23] Possession of cannabis is illegal in Bangladesh, with penalties ranging from 6 months to 15 years. However, cannabis is openly sold in many parts of the country and the laws are rarely enforced.[24][25]

 Belarus

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Belgium

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 3 grams) Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized) one plant)
Main article: Cannabis in Belgium
Since 2003, adults over the age of 18 had been allowed to possess up to 3 grams.[26][27]

 Belize

 Illegal, but mostly tolerated Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Belize
Cannabis use in Belize is common and largely tolerated; however, possession can result in fines or imprisonment.[28] In 2016, national media reported that legislation to decriminalize possession of up to 10 grams was "in the works".[29]

 Benin

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Benin

 Bhutan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bhutan
Cannabis is illegal, but grows prolifically in Bhutan and has multiple traditional uses, such as feeding pigs and producing textiles.[30]

 Bosnia and Herzegovina

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bosnia and Herzegovina
In 2016 it was announced that the Ministry of Civil Affairs had formed a task force to explore the legalizing of cannabis and cannabinoids for medical purposes.[31]

 Bolivia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal Bolivia has recently passed laws regarding set personal limit use, but has not completely legalized it.[citation needed]

 Botswana

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Botswana
Cannabis (or dagga) is illegal.[32][33]

 Brazil

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Brazil
Since 2006, the possession of illegal drugs like cannabis (for personal consumption) entails a warning, community service and education on the effects of drug use. The same measures apply to the planting and/or preparation of small amounts of any illegal drug.

Selling and transportation of any illegal drugs, as well as the possession or cultivation of larger amounts is characterized as drug trafficking, a criminal act punished with 5 to 15 years in prison and a significant fine.[34]

 Bulgaria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bulgaria
Cannabis is classified as a class A (High-risk) drug, together with Heroin, Cocaine, Amphetamines and MDMA (ecstasy). Until 2004, a loosely defined "personal dose" existed.

 Burkina Faso

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Burundi

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Cape Verde

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Cape Verde

 Cambodia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Cambodia
While technically illegal, the use of cannabis is widespread among the Khmer people and foreigners visiting the country. Marijuana can easily be purchased and smoked in public areas without the threat of arrest. Many "Happy" restaurants located in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap and Sihanoukville publicly offer food cooked with marijuana, or as a side garnish.[35][36]

 Cameroon

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Canada

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use) Illegal
(regulated by some cities)		 Illegal Illegal (Small amounts of plants tolerated)
Main article: Cannabis in Canada
Legal with government issued licence for medical or industrial purposes. On April 20, 2016, Health Minister Jane Philpott announced that new legislation would be introduced in spring 2017 to legalize and regulate cannabis in Canada.[37] See Legislation: "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act"[38]

 Central African Republic

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Chad

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Chile

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only) Legal[39]
Main article: Cannabis in Chile
In 2005, Law 20.000 formally decriminalised private and personal cannabis use.[40] Since 2014, Chile allows the cultivation of cannabis for medical purposes with the authorization of The Chilean Agriculture Service (SAG).[41]

Cultivation of marijuana, personal or collective, is legal in Chile. The Supreme Court ruled in 2015.[42][43][44] Sale of marijuana-derived medication is allowed on prescription in pharmacies, from December 2015.[45]

Currently in 2016, a regulation bill which will allow Chileans to grow small amounts of marijuana for medical, recreational or spiritual use has been approved by the country's lower house of Congress.[46][47]

 People's Republic of China

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal[48]
Main article: Cannabis in China

 Colombia

 Legal for up to 22 grams for personal use. No limit for medical or scientific purpose, and if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council" Legal for medical and scientific use only Legal for medical and scientific use only Legal up to 20 plants for personal consumption. No limit for medical or scientific use, and if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council"
Main article: Cannabis in Colombia
Since 1994, cannabis has been legalized for possession of small amounts up to 22 grams for personal consumption. In 2016, The Supreme Court of Justice stated that someone who is caught with a greater amount than the statutory limit cannot be criminally prosecuted if it is found that the person carries the substance to satisfy their own consumption needs.[49] It is legal to possess up to 20 plants for personal consumption.[50][51][52]

 Comoros

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Comoros
Cannabis was legal during the Comorian historical period between January 1975 and May 1978, when president Ali Soilih legalized cannabis consumption among other measures.[53][54]

 Costa Rica

 Illegal (decriminalized)[55] [56] Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Costa Rica
Some interpret the law to say cannabis is illegal, but there is a high tolerance of smoking marijuana throughout the country.[55] A decriminalization system is de facto implemented, since police officers do not detain people carrying enough for only personal consumption, yet no amount has been defined as a minimum for possession. The usage of cannabis in Costa Rica is very high.[56]

 Croatia

 Illegal (decriminalized)[57] (medical use only)[58] Illegal (medical use only)[58] Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Croatia
From 2013, the possession of small amount of marijuana and other light drugs is a misdemeanor which leads to a fine of 5000–20000kn ($800–3500) depending on the case in question.

In 2015, the Ministry of Health officially legalized the use of cannabis-based drugs for medical purposes for patients with illnesses such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, or AIDS.[59]

 Cyprus

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized for some farms to grow Hemp)
Main article: Cannabis in Cyprus
Class B substance – life imprisonment is possible for use and maximum 8 years for possession (at the maximum two years for the first offence for under 25-year-olds).[60]

 Cuba

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Czech Republic

 Illegal (possession of up to 15g decriminalized) Sale of medical cannabis legal, otherwise sale illegal) Illegal (up to 15g decriminalized/Medical subject to license legal) Illegal (cultivation of up to 5 bushes decriminalized/cultivation for medical purposes subject to license legal)
Main article: Cannabis in Czech Republic
Since 2010 possession of up to fifteen grams for personal use or cultivation of up to five plants is a misdemeanor subject to minor fine - mostly not enforced. Popular destination for smokers.[61][62]

Medical use of cannabis on prescription has been legal and regulated since 2013.[63][64]

 Denmark

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Denmark
As with all drugs, cannabis-related offences are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to 2 years[65] Freetown Christiania, a self-declared autonomous region, is known for its cannabis trade.

 Djibouti

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Dominica

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Dominica
Class B drug to cultivate, sell or possess[66]

 East Timor

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in East Timor

 Ecuador

 Illegal (decriminalized) up to 10 grams Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Ecuador
As defined by Law 108, possession of small amounts of cannabis is decriminalized.[67][68][69] Possession of under 10 grams is considered personal use and it is not punished.[70]

 Egypt

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Egypt
Although technically illegal, use is widespread and part of every day culture. Convictions for personal use are very rare.[71] Formerly a plant of high status with several documented medicinal uses in ancient times, cannabis was made illegal in 1925 with the League of Nations’ Geneva International Convention on Narcotic Control, and has been aggressively targeted at various points since then.[72]

 El Salvador

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Eritrea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Estonia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Estonia
Up to 7.5 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine. Large amounts and distribution are criminal offences and punishable with a custodial sentence of up to 5 years.[73]

 Ethiopia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Ethiopia
Despite being the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari movement, possession of cannabis can result in up to 6 months imprisonment.[74]

 Fiji

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Finland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Finland
Since 2001 personal use cases are generally not prosecuted in court but subject to summary fine.

Since 2006, use of medical cannabis has been possible under a special license. In 2014, 223 licenses were issued.[75]

 France

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in France
Cultivating, selling, owning or consuming cannabis is prohibited.[76] However, legislation permitting the sale of medications containing cannabis derivatives was enacted in June 2013.[77][78]

 Gabon

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Georgia

 Illegal, but possession for personal use decriminalized Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Georgia (country)

 Germany

 Legal for medicinal purposes.
Recreational consumption is legal on the basis of it being considered self-harm.		 Legal to those with a prescription
(and/or if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices")		 Legal with prescription
(and/or if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices")		 Illegal
(Legal if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices")
Main article: Cannabis in Germany
The possession of recreational cannabis is illegal, while consumption itself is legal on the basis of it being considered self-harm, which is not considered a crime. The possession of small amounts is prosecuted, but charges are virtually always dropped.

By January 2015, 241 patients have obtained permission for medical cannabis products from a pharmacy since 2008.[79] In mid 2016 around 5000 patients received cannabis products.[80]

On May 4, 2016 the Cabinet of Germany decided to approve the measure for legal cannabis for seriously ill patients who have consulted with a doctor and "have no therapeutic alternative". German Health Minister, Hermann Gröhe, presented the legal draft on the legalization of medical cannabis to the cabinet, which took effect in early 2017.[81][82][80][83][84][85]

 Ghana

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Guinea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Guinea-Bissau

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Greece

 Illegal (but the amount of 0.5 grams or 1 pure/2 impure cannabis cigarettes decriminalised in court if made sure to be for personal use) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Greece
Possession or use of even small amounts is illegal in Greece, but if found to be for personal use it's decriminalized in court. Individuals are arrested, although rarely convicted by court. Possession of large quantities may lead to several years in prison.[86]

 Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat)

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Greenland

 Grenada

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Grenada

 Guatemala

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Guatemala
In 2016 a constitutional commission rejected proposals to legalize medical or recreational use of cannabis.[87][88]

 Guyana

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Guyana
Possession of 15 grams or over can result in charges of drug trafficking.[89]

 Haiti

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Honduras

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Honduras
The possession, sale, transportation and cultivation of cannabis is illegal in Honduras.[90]

 Hong Kong

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Hong Kong
The possession, sale, transportation, cultivation of cannabis is illegal under the Dangerous Drug Ordinance.[91] (Chapter 134 of the Law of Hong Kong)

 Hungary

 Illegal Illegal illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Hungary
There is no distinction in Hungarian law between illicit drugs according to dangers. Heroin use has the same legal consequences as cannabis use.[92]

 Iceland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Iceland
Banned in 1969.[93] Consumption is illegal even in small amounts. Possession, sale, transportation and cultivation could result in jail time. Possession is not strictly enforced. Heavy fines are given.[94]

 Indonesia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Indonesia
Banned in 1927.[95] Minimum sentence of four years in prison (additional fines may apply) if caught in possession.[96] However, if the user voluntarily reports himself/herself to the police, or is reported by his/her family, the charges will be dropped in accordance to 2009 Narcotics Act, article 24 paragraph 2, 3, 4.

 India

 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Odisha and the North East.		 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Odisha and the North East.		 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Odisha and the North East.		 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Odisha and the North East.
Main article: Cannabis in India
Government-owned shops in holy cities like Varanasi and few other north Indian states sell cannabis in the form of bhang. Despite the high prevalent usage, cannabis remains illegal, but is rarely enforced and treated as low priority across India. Large tracts of cannabis grow unchecked in the wild in many parts of northern and southern India.[97] Many states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Odisha, Tripura, and the North East have their own laws allowing cannabis, locally known as ganja.
In 2016, a Private Member’s Bill was scheduled to be tabled in the Lok Sabha, which calls for the legalisation and regulation of “non-synthetic” intoxicants, including cannabis and opium.[98]

 Iran

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Iraq

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Ireland

 Illegal[99] Illegal[99] Illegal[99] Illegal[99]
Main article: Cannabis in Ireland
The National Drugs Strategy of 2009–2016 did not favour decriminalising cannabis.[100] A new strategy is planned from 2017.[101] Cannabis-derived medicines may be licensed since 2014.[102][103] A review of policy on medicinal cannabis was announced in November 2016,[104] and a private member's bill to legalise it passed second stage in the Dáil in December 2016.[105][106][107]

 Israel

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for licensed medicinal providers)
Main article: Cannabis in Israel
Illegal for recreational use, but limited medical uses have been permitted since the 1990s.[108]
In early 2017, Gilad Erdan, the nation’s Public Security Minister, announced that Israel planned to decriminalise the possession of cannabis for personal use.[109]

 Italy

 Illegal (decriminalized, legal for medical and religious usage) Illegal IlIegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Italy
Possession of small amounts for personal use is a misdemeanor subject to fines and the suspension of documents (passports and/or drivers licenses). The sale of cannabis products is illegal and punishable by imprisonment; cultivation is likewise punishable by imprisonment, even if in small amounts and for exclusive personal use. Licensed cultivation for medical and industrial use is strictly regulated.[110]

 Jamaica

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Legal
Main article: Cannabis in Jamaica
On 25 February 2015, the Jamaican House of Representatives passed a law decriminalizing possession of up to 2 ounces of cannabis. The new law includes provisions legalizing the cultivation for personal use of up to 5 plants, as well as setting up regulations for the cultivation and distribution of cannabis for medical, religious purposes and natural growth.[111]

 Japan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Japan
Restricted in 1948.[112] Use and possession are punishable by up to 5 years imprisonment and a fine. Cultivation, sale, and transport are punishable by up to 7 or 10 years imprisonment and a fine.[113]

 Jordan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kazakhstan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kenya

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal New York Economist Mwangi Mungai proposed a bill to be reviewed in parliament. Medical Marijuana and minimal possession of Marijuana was petitioned to be decriminalized. Bill proposes marijuana to be considered a taxable cash crop regulated by Ministry of Agriculture/ Ministry of Health.

 Kiribati

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kuwait

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kyrgyzstan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Laos

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal As of 2009, a mandatory death penalty is applied for certain cases.[114][115]

 Latvia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Latvia
Cannabis is illegal in Latvia.[116] Possession of larger quantities can be punished with up to 15 years in prison. Possession of quantities up to 1 gram are fined up to 280 euro, for second offences within a year period criminal charges are applied.

 Lebanon

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Lebanon
Hashish banned in 1926;[117] cannabis cultivation banned in 1992.[118] Possession is illegal. However, large amounts are grown within the country and personal use, as long as not in public is not a major issue.[119]

 Lesotho

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Lesotho

 Liberia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Libya

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Lithuania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Lithuania

 Luxembourg

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Luxembourg
Transportation and consumption are illegal. Since 2001, decriminalized and prison penalty has been substituted by a monetary fine ranging from 250 to 2500 Euros.[120][121]

 Macau

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Macau

 Macedonia

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Macedonia
If one possesses a larger amount, a jail sentence of anywhere from three months to five years may be given.[122]

Medical cannabis legalized in 2016.[123]

 Madagascar

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Madagascar

 Malaysia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Malaysia
Malaysian legislation provides for a mandatory death penalty for convicted drug traffickers. Individuals arrested in possession of 15 grams (1/2 ounce) of heroin or 200 grams (seven ounces) of marijuana are presumed by law to be trafficking in drugs.[124]

 Malawi

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Malawi
Cannabis is illegal in Malawi, but remains a popular drug and widely cultivated; Malawian cannabis is famed internationally for its quality.[125] Chamba is grown mainly in central and northern regions like Mzuzu.[126]

 Mali

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Malta

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 3.5g) Illegal Illegal Illegal (Cultivation of a cannabis plant for personal use will no longer be punishable by a mandatory prison sentence or suspended sentence specialized doctors will be allowed to prescribe medical cannabis)
Main article: Cannabis in Malta
As of 2015, simple possession is decriminalized, but remains an arrestable offense for the police purpose of collecting intelligence about drug trafficking.[127][128]

 Marshall Islands

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Mauritania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Mauritius

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Mexico

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Mexico
On 21 August 2009 Mexico decriminalized "personal use" possession of up to five grams of Cannabis.[129]
In November 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that four individuals from the Mexican Society for Responsible and Tolerant Personal Use would be permitted to grow and smoke their own marijuana. The court voted 4-1 that prohibiting people from growing the drug for consumption was unconstitutional as it violated the human right to the free development of one's personality.[130]

 Micronesia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Moldova

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Moldova
Possession of small quantity and personal use is not a crime in Moldova, but it is an administrative offence according to Article 85 of the Administrative Offences Code, passed in 2008. Selling, cultivation and transport, however, remain illegal and penalized. The illegal purchase or possession of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances in small amounts without the purpose of further distribution, as well as their consumption without a medical prescription, are sanctioned with a fine of up to three conventional units or with community service of up to 40 hours.

 Mongolia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Montenegro

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal [131]

 Morocco

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Morocco
Cannabis in Morocco has been illegal since the nation's independence in 1957, reaffirmed by a total ban on drugs in 1974, but is partially tolerated in the country, where it has been cultivated for centuries and is still among the world's top producers of hashish.

 Mozambique

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Myanmar

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Myanmar

 Namibia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Namibia
Cannabis is illegal; in 2007 the government proposed but declined a 20-year jail sentence for any drug possession.

   Nepal

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Nepal
All cannabis licenses canceled in 1973.[7] Despite being illegal, cannabis is cheap and widely available in Nepal, and the police have little-to-no interest in cannabis-related issues.[132]

 Netherlands

 Decriminalised for possession of up to 5 grams (in case of a police control it is still confiscated), for public use and for use in 'coffeeshops' Decriminalized for 'coffeeshops' Illegal (unenforced for 'coffeeshops', but enforced for growers who distribute to shops) Illegal (decriminalized up to 5 plants, plants are generally still destroyed.)
Main article: Cannabis in the Netherlands
Personal possession has been decriminalized since 1976, and cannabis products are only sold openly in certain local "coffeeshops".[133][134][135]

 New Zealand

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
See also: Cannabis in New Zealand
Banned in 1927.[136] Cultivation, possession and sale of cannabis is illegal.[137]

 Nicaragua

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Niger

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Nigeria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Nigeria

 North Korea

 Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown
Main article: Cannabis in North Korea
There are conflicting reports on the legal status of cannabis in North Korea. Multiple reports from defectors and tourists claim there is no law regarding the possession of cannabis (as a result, it is not classified as a drug) in North Korea or if there is, it is mostly unenforced. However, other reports claim that cannabis is illegal.[138]

 Northern Mariana Islands

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the Northern Mariana Islands
A legalization bill failed in 2010.[139]

 Norway

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Norway
Up to 15 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine in the case of first-time offenders; possessing more is punished more harshly.

 Oman

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Pakistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Pakistan

The use of cannabis is prohibited in Pakistan, however the smoking of hashish in Peshawar and the northern parts of Pakistan tends to be tolerated. One may be sent to jail for up to six months if found with charas in other parts of the country.[140]

 Palau

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Palau

 Panama

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Panama
Law 14 of 19 May 2016 regulates the use of controlled substances for medical ends.[141]

 Papua New Guinea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Papua New Guinea

 Paraguay

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 10 grams) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Paraguay
In Paraguay, Law N° 1.340 (Art. 30), exempted from punishment those in possession of a maximum of 10 grams of marijuana for personal consumption.[142][143]

 Peru

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 8 grams) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Peru
Possession is decriminalized Art. 299 of the Criminal Code. Possession of under 8 grams is considered personal use and it is not punished.[144][145][146][147]

Illegal: Cultivation, production or sell is punished with 8 to 15 years in prison.[148][149]

 Philippines

 Illegal (Provision for medicinal use as per Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002. Pending Government approval) Illegal Illegal Illegal (For medicinal and scientific purposes only)
Main article: Cannabis in the Philippines
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, makes provision for restricted medical use.[150] Congress introduced House Bill No. 4477, known as the Compassionate Use of Medical Cannabis Act, which would legalize the use of medical marijuana.[151]

 Poland

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Poland
On 26 May 2011, Poland introduced legislation that would give prosecutors the option to not prosecute for possession of small quantities of cannabis for personal use, if it is a first offence, or if the person is drug dependent.[152] The legislation raised the maximum possible penalty for placing a large number of drugs from 10 to 12 years in prison. However, for possession of large quantities of drugs would result up to 10 years in prison (previously up to 8 years).[153]

 Portugal

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Portugal
In 2001, Portugal became the first country in the world to decriminalize the use of all drugs.[154]

 Puerto Rico

 Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only)
Main article: Cannabis in Puerto Rico
In 2015 the Governor of Puerto Rico signed a executive order to legalize cannabis for medicinal use only.[155]

 Qatar

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Qatar

 Romania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Romania
Romania was (before 1990) a leader in hemp fiber, second only to China. Possession of small quantities of drug preparations is punishable by a large fine for first offenders, 6 months to 2 years in prison if the person has been convicted before. Possession of large amounts or trafficking is punishable by 2–7 years of jail time.[156] Decriminalization proposed.[157] Medical cannabis legalized in 2013.[158][159]

 Russia

 Illegal (decriminalized), possession of quantities of up to 6 grams Illegal Illegal (decriminalized), transport of quantities of up to 6 grams Illegal (decriminalized), cultivation of up to 20 plants[citation needed]
Main article: Cannabis in Russia
Possession of under 6 grams of cannabis or two grams of hashish is an administrative rather than criminal infraction.[160]

 Rwanda

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Samoa

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 São Tomé and Príncipe

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in São Tomé and Principe

 Saudi Arabia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Saudi Arabia
Use and possession for personal use of any kind of recreational drugs is punishable by imprisonment if caught. Imprisonment for personal use could go up to six months jail time or more. Dealing and smuggling of high amounts of drugs usually result in harsher prison time or even execution, although recently executions are rare. Foreigners who use drugs might be deported.[161]

 Senegal

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Serbia

 Illegal [162] Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Serbia
Possession is punishable by a fine or by imprisonment of up to 3 years. Sale and transport are punishable by imprisonment from 3 to 12 years. Cultivation is punishable by imprisonment from 6 months to 5 years. Higher penalties for organized crime.[163]

 Sierra Leone

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Sierra Leone
Cannabis banned in 1920.[164]

 Singapore

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Singapore
Banned in 1870.[165] Cannabis is a Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act, making it illegal to cultivate, sell or possess. Those who are caught with 15g of cannabis or more, are presumed as drug traffickers, and are punished with mandatory death penalty.[166]

 Slovakia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Slovakia
Possession or use of small amounts of Cannabis (or only 1 joint) is punishable by up to eight years in prison.[167][168] In April 2012, The Wall Street Journal reported that Robert Fico, the incoming Slovak prime minister, might push for partial legalisation of cannabis possession, and has argued for the legalisation of possession of up to three doses of cannabis for personal use.[168]

 Slovenia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Cannabis cultivation is not illegal for cannabis growers, growing cannabis with ≤ 0.2 % THC on a ≤ 0.1 ha surface, or ≥ 0.1 ha surface with a governmental permit for cannabis cultivation.[169]
Main article: Cannabis in Slovenia
Cannabis-based drugs are legal for medical use, but not cannabis itself.[170][171] Possession of any drug for personal use is decriminalized.[172]

 Solomon Islands

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Somalia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Somalia

 South Africa

 Legal Illegal Illegal Legal
Main article: Cannabis in South Africa
Illegal since 1922. Prohibitions against personal use and cultivation were declared unconstitutional in 2017 [173][174][175]

 South Korea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in South Korea
Cannabis banned under the Cannabis Control Act of 1976.[176]

 South Sudan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Spain

 Legal (Private areas only, illegal in public areas (decriminalized), offenders receive an administrative fine.) Possession of more than 70/100gr. (depending on the autonomous community) is considered as possession with the intention of trafficking.[177] Technically illegal, but Cannabis can be acquired in private smoker/cannabis clubs.[178] Selling itself it's punished by prison in all the ways, even for first offenders. Illegal (decriminalized) Legal (Only for own consumption. If the plants are located somewhere visible from the street/public place, it's an administrative offense[179])
Main article: Cannabis in Spain
Sale and importation of any quantity of cannabis is a criminal offence, punishable by jail time. The purchase, possession and consumption of cannabis in a public place constitutes a misdemeanour and punishable by a fine and confiscation of the product. Consumption and cultivation by adults in a private space is legal, the latter due to a legal vacuum. Cannabis plants that are located somewhere visible from the street/public place (ie. from balconies) are considered a serious administrative offense, which leads to a fine from 601 to 30.000€.[180][181] About 500 private "cannabis clubs" exist in Spain, 200 of them in Barcelona, and Spain is spoken of as the "new Amsterdam," a destination for marijuana tourists.[178] All actions related to cannabis apart from sale or trade aren't considered criminal offenses,[182] and normally are misdemeanors punishable by a fine.[183]

 Sri Lanka

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Sri Lanka
Cannabis is illegal in Sri Lanka though it is commonly used in Ayurvedic traditional medicines.[184]

 Sudan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal.[185] Banned in 1924 during the Condominium Period.[186][187]

 Suriname

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Suriname
Cannabis was banned in Suriname in the early 20th century, having been popularized there by Asian immigrants.[188]

 Swaziland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Swaziland

 Sweden

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Sweden
It is illegal to sell, transfer, purchase, use or possess any quantity of cannabis in Sweden. Social stigmatisation through social rejection and exclusion from the labourmarket and social services are the most common sanctions in matters regarding personal use. The national police runs a "disturb and annoy" program aimed at users supported by the national "zero tolerance" policy. .[189][190]

  Switzerland

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Switzerland
Since 2012, possession of 10 grams or less is decriminalized to a fine.[191]

 Syria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Syria
Under the policies of the government of Bashar al-Assad, many cannabis offences, from simple use to trafficking, reportedly often carried a sentence of life imprisonment. As the country has become destabilised as a result of civil war, people living in areas controlled by Kurdish separatists have begun growing cannabis as a way of making money to fight poverty.[192]

 Taiwan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Taiwan
Cannabis is a schedule 2 narcotic in the ROC, and possession can result in up to three years imprisonment.[193]

 Tajikistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Tanzania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Thailand

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Thailand
Criminalized in 1935.[194] According to the Thailand Narcotics Act, B.E. 2522 (1979), possession, cultivation, and transport (import/export) of up to 10 kg cannabis may result in a maximum sentence of 5 years in prison and/or a fine.[195]

 Togo

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Tonga

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Trinidad and Tobago

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Trinidad and Tobago
Banned in 1925.[196]

 Tunisia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Tunisia
Banned in 1953.[197] Using or possessing entails 1–5 years of imprisonment + 1000-3000 dinars (around 500$-1500$).[198][199][200]

 Turkey

 Illegal (medical use only) Illegal Illegal Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.[201]
Main article: Cannabis in Turkey
The cultivation of marijuana is legal in 19 provinces in Turkey for medicincal and scientific purposes. However, with permission this can also be conducted in other provinces too.[202] Consuming any drug (personal use or not) is illegal and requires juridical process. Possessing, purchasing or receiving any illegal drug, including Cannabis, is punishable by 1–2 years in prison; there is also the option of treatment and/or probation for up to three years. If users refuse treatment or do not comply with probation requirements, the courts can decide on sentencing.[203] Sale and supply is punishable by a prison term of 5–10 years, and production or trafficking by a minimum term of 10 years.[203]

 Turkmenistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Tuvalu

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Uganda

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Ukraine

 Illegal (decriminalized possession of quantities of up to 5 grams) Illegal Illegal (decriminalized possession of quantities of up to 5 grams) Illegal (decriminalized up to 10 plants)
Main article: Cannabis in Ukraine
[204]

 United Arab Emirates

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the United Arab Emirates
Even the smallest amounts of the drug can lead to a mandatory four-year prison sentence.[205][206]

 United Kingdom

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the United Kingdom
Banned in 1928,[207] made a Class B drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971[208]

 United States

 Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington[209] and in Washington, D.C.; decriminalized in 18 states, medicinal legal in 25 states and Guam. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level with a state issued license in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Legal medicinal sales in several additional states.[210] All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation. ) Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level within the states of Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Legal for medicinal patients in several additional states. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level for individuals/commercial in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada and Oregon, individual but not commercial in Washington, D.C., and only commercially in Washington. Medicinal growing is legal in several states as well. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.)
Main articles: Legal history of marijuana in the United States and Legality of cannabis by US state

Laws vary by state, Territory, Indian Reservation, and Washington, DC. Federal law classifies cannabis as a Schedule I substance, the same classification as heroin. The United States Supreme Court has ruled in Gonzales v. Raich that the federal government has the power to regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medical purposes. The Department of Justice recently allowed recognized Indian reservations to regulate marijuana within their reservation.[211] However, despite the Department of Justice stating that federally recognized Indian reservations have the right to regulate cannabis on their land, the Department of Justice's agency, the Drug Enforcement Administration has been raiding and/or destroying cannabis crops on several reservations creating a double standard among U.S. enforcement agencies.[212]

 Uruguay

 Legal Legal Legal Legal
Main article: Cannabis in Uruguay

José Mujica has fully legalized any use of Cannabis in Uruguay; law does not specify quantity for "personal amount".[213] As of 10 December 2013, the House of Representatives and Senate passed a bill legalizing and regulating the production and sale of the drug. The new law says that buyers must be 18 or older, residents of Uruguay, and must register with the authorities. Authorities will grow the cannabis that can be sold legally.[214][215][216]

 Uzbekistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Uzbekistan
Opiates, cannabis and other plants containing psychotropic substances are illegal.[217]

 Vanuatu

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Venezuela

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Venezuela
As of 15 September 2010 possession of up to 20 grams of Marijuana or 5 grams of genetically modified Marijuana, if proven not to be for medical or personal consumption, is punishable by 1 to 2 years in prison at judge's discretion. If deemed to be for personal consumption, the user is subject to security measures involving rehabilitation and detoxification procedures. Articulos 131 y 153 de la Ley Organica de Drogas.[218]

 Vietnam

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal [219]

 U.S. Virgin Islands

 Illegal (decriminalized), possession of quantities of up to an ounce Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the United States Virgin Islands
In 2014 the governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands approved a bill that decriminalized possession of marijuana up to an ounce.[220]

 Yemen

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Zambia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Zimbabwe

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal [221][222]
Country/Territory Possession Sale Transport Cultivation Notes

See also

External links

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