Cycle

Cycle or cyclic may refer to:

Mathematics

Samajwadi Party

Samajwadi Party (SP; translation: Socialist Party; founded 4 October 1992) is a recognised state political party in India based in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP). It describes itself as a democratic socialist party .

The Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when the Janata Dal (People's League), fragmented into several regional parties. The Samajwadi Party is led by Mulayam Singh Yadav.

Electoral record

The Samajwadi Party is primarily based in Uttar Pradesh State. It has contested Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections around the country, though its successes have been mainly in Uttar Pradesh. In the assembly election in Madhya Pradesh in 2003, the Samajwadi Party gained 7 seats, making it the third largest party in the state. When its candidate won the by-election of Lanji (Balaghat) in 2007, its total tally reached 8. In the 2012 legislative assembly elections of Uttar Pradesh, SP registered a landslide victory with a clear majority in the House, thus enabling it to form the Government in the state. This was expected to be the fifth term of Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister of state, but he surprised everyone by selecting his son, Akhilesh Yadav, to be the new chief minister (the youngest ever). It became official on 15 March. It was also the first time that SP was head of the UP government for a full term of 5 years.

Mulayam Singh Yadav

Mulayam Singh Yadav (born 22 November 1939) is an Indian politician who belongs to the Samajwadi Party from Uttar Pradesh. He served as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from 1989 to 1991, from 1993 to 1995, and from 2003 to 2007. He also served as the Minister of Defence of India from 1996 to 1998 in the United Front government. Currently, he serves in the Lok Sabha representing Azamgarh.

Personal life

Mulayam Singh Yadav was born to Murti Devi Yadav and Sughar Singh Yadav on 22 November 1939 in Saifai village, Etawah district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

He has gained several degrees — a B.A., B.T., and an M.A. in political science — from K. K. College in Etawah, A. K. College in Shikohabad, and B. R. College, Agra University respectively.

Yadav has married twice. His first wife was Malti Devi, whose son is Akhilesh Yadav (born 1973), the current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Malti Devi died in May 2003. Yadav's second wife is Sadhna Yadav, with whom he has a son named Prateek Yadav (born 1988). Prateek manages land holdings of the Yadav family. Mulayam's second wife was not well-known until February 2007, when the relationship was admitted in India's Supreme Court.

Election commission

An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of election procedures. The exact name used varies from country to country, including such terms as "electoral commission", "central election commission", "electoral branch" or "electoral court". Election commissions can be independent, mixed, judicial or governmental. They may also be responsible for electoral boundary delimitation. In federations there may be a separate body for each subnational government.

Electoral models

In the independent model the election commission is independent of the executive and manages its own budget. Countries with an independent election commission include Australia, Canada, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand and the United Kingdom. In some of these countries the independence of the election commission is constitutionally guaranteed e.g. section 190 of the Constitution of South Africa.

In the branch model the election commission is often called an electoral branch, and is usually a constitutionally-recognized separate branch of government, with its members appointed by either the executive or the legislative branch. Countries with an electoral branch include Bolivia, Costa Rica, Panama, Nicaragua and Venezuela.

Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi

Jawaharlal Nehru University, (Hindi: जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय) also known as JNU, is a public central university in New Delhi, the capital of India. In 2012, The National Assessment and Accreditation Council gave the university a grade of 3.9 out of 4, the highest grade awarded to any educational institution in the country. The university is ranked second among the public universities in India, as published by India Today magazine.

History

Jawaharlal Nehru University was established in 1969 by an act of parliament. It was named after Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister. G. Parthsarthi was the first vice-chancellor.

Special Centres and Schools

University is organised into ten schools, each of which has several centres, and four independent special centres: