March 9 is the 68th day of the year (69th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 297 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Monday, Wednesday or Friday (58 in 400 years each) than on Saturday or Sunday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Tuesday or Thursday (56).
141 BC – Liu Che, posthumously known as Emperor Wu of Han , assumes the throne over the Han dynasty of China.1009 – First known mention of Lithuania , in the annals of the monastery of Quedlinburg .1230 – Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II defeats Theodore of Epirus in the Battle of Klokotnitsa .1276 – Augsburg becomes a Free imperial city .1500 – The fleet of Pedro Álvares Cabral leaves Lisbon for the Indies . The fleet will discover Brazil which lies within boundaries granted to Portugal in the Treaty of Tordesillas .1566 – David Rizzio , private secretary to Mary, Queen of Scots , is murdered in the Palace of Holyroodhouse , Edinburgh , Scotland.1765 – After a campaign by the writer Voltaire , judges in Paris posthumously exonerate Jean Calas of murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in 1762 on the charge, though his son may have actually committed suicide.1796 – Napoléon Bonaparte marries his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais .1811 – Paraguayan forces defeat Manuel Belgrano at the Battle of Tacuarí .1815 – Francis Ronalds describes the first battery-operated clock in the Philosophical Magazine .1831 – The French Foreign Legion is established by King Louis Philippe to support his war in Algeria .1841 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in the United States v. The Amistad slavery illegally.1842 – Giuseppe Verdi 's third opera, Nabucco Milan ; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera composers.1842 – The first documented discovery of gold in California occurs at Rancho San Francisco , six years before the California Gold Rush .
1847 – Mexican–American War : The first large-scale amphibious assault in U.S. history is launched in the Siege of Veracruz .1862 – American Civil War : The USS Monitor and CSS Virginia fight to a draw in the Battle of Hampton Roads , the first battle between two ironclad warships .1896 – Prime Minister Francesco Crispi resigns following the Italian defeat at the Battle of Adwa .1908 – Inter Milan was founded on Football Club Internazionale , following a schism from the Milan Cricket and Football Club.1910 – The Westmoreland County coal strike , involving 15,000 coal miners represented by the United Mine Workers , begins.1916 – Mexican Revolution : Pancho Villa leads nearly 500 Mexican raiders in an attack against the border town of Columbus, New Mexico .1925 – Pink's War : The first Royal Air Force operation conducted independently of the British Army or Royal Navy begins.1933 – Great Depression : President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress, the first of his New Deal policies.1942 – World War II : Dutch East Indies , represented by KNIL Commander in Chief Lieutenant General Hein Ter Poorten , unconditionally surrendered to the Japanese forces in Kalijati, Subang , West Java , and Japanese completed their Dutch East Indies campaign .1944 – World War II: Japanese troops counter-attack American forces on Hill 700 in Bougainville in a five-day battle.1944 – World War II: Soviet Army planes attack Tallinn, Estonia .
1945 – World War II: The first nocturnal incendiary attack on Tokyo inflicts damage comparable to that inflicted on both Hiroshima and Nagasaki five months later.1945 – World War II: A coup d'état by Japanese forces in French Indochina removes the French from power.
1946 – Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster at Burnden Park , Bolton , England, kills 33 and injures hundreds more.1954 – McCarthyism : CBS television broadcasts the See It Now Joseph McCarthy ", produced by Fred Friendly .1956 – Soviet forces suppress mass demonstrations in the Georgian SSR , reacting to Nikita Khrushchev 's de-Stalinization policy.1957 – The 8.6 Mw Andreanof Islands earthquake shakes the Aleutian Islands with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe ), causing $5 million in damage from ground movement and a destructive tsunami that affected Hawaii, where two people were killed in a plane crash while documenting its arrival.1959 – The Barbie doll makes its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York.1960 – Dr. Belding Hibbard Scribner implants for the first time a shunt he invented into a patient, which allows the patient to receive hemodialysis on a regular basis.1961 – Sputnik 9 successfully launches, carrying a human dummy nicknamed Ivan Ivanovich , and demonstrating that Soviet Union was ready to begin human spaceflight .1967 – Trans World Airlines Flight 553 , a Douglas DC-9-15 , crashes in a field in Concord Township, Ohio following a mid-air collision with a Beechcraft Baron , killing 26.1976 – Forty-two people died in the 1976 Cavalese cable car disaster , the worst cable-car accident to date.1977 – The Hanafi Siege : In a thirty-nine-hour standoff, armed Hanafi Muslims seize three Washington, D.C. , buildings, killing two and taking 149 hostage.1978 – President Soeharto inaugurated Jagorawi Toll Road , the first toll highway in Indonesia , connecting Jakarta , Bogor and Ciawi, West Java .1982 – "Krononauts" hosted an event in Baltimore, Maryland asking time-travelers to meet and demonstrate future science methods of Time travel .1997 – Comet Hale–Bopp : Observers in China, Mongolia and eastern Siberia are treated to a rare double feature as an eclipse permits Hale-Bopp to be seen during the day.2011 – Space Shuttle Discovery makes its final landing after 39 flights.2012 – At least 130 rockets are fired into Israel from Gaza ; 12 Palestinians militants are killed as part of the latest escalation in violence in the region.
1213 – Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1271)1285 – Emperor Go-Nijō of Japan (d. 1318)1454 – Amerigo Vespucci , Italian cartographer and explorer (d. 1512)1564 – David Fabricius , German theologian, cartographer and astronomer (d. 1617)1568 – Aloysius Gonzaga , Italian saint (d. 1591)1737 – Josef Mysliveček , Czech violinist and composer (d. 1781)1749 – Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau , French journalist and politician (d. 1791)1753 – Jean-Baptiste Kléber , French general (d. 1800)1758 – Franz Joseph Gall , German neuroanatomist and physiologist (d. 1828)1763 – William Cobbett , English journalist and author (d. 1835)1806 – Edwin Forrest , American actor and philanthropist (d. 1872)1814 – Taras Shevchenko , Ukrainian poet and playwright (d. 1861)1815 – David Davis , American jurist and politician (d. 1886)1820 – Samuel Blatchford , American lawyer and jurist (d. 1893)1824 – Amasa Leland Stanford , American businessman and politician, founded Stanford University (d. 1893)1833 – Frederick A. Schroeder , German-American businessman and politician, 18th Mayor of Brooklyn (d. 1899)1847 – Martin Pierre Marsick , Belgian violinist, composer, and educator (d. 1924)1850 – Hamo Thornycroft , English sculptor and academic (d. 1925)1856 – Eddie Foy, Sr. , American actor and dancer (d. 1928)1856 – Tom Roberts , English-Australian painter and educator (d. 1931)
1887 – Fritz Lenz , German geneticist and physician (d. 1976)1887 – Phil Mead , English cricketer and footballer (d. 1958)
1890 – Rupert Balfe , Australian footballer and lieutenant (d. 1915)1890 – Vyacheslav Molotov , Russian politician and diplomat, Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 1986)
1891 – José P. Laurel , Filipino lawyer and politician, 3rd President of the Philippines (d. 1959)1892 – Mátyás Rákosi , Hungarian soldier and politician (d. 1971)1892 – Vita Sackville-West , English author, poet, and gardener (d. 1962)
1900 – Prince Aimone, Duke of Aosta (d. 1948)1902 – Will Geer , American actor (d. 1978)1904 – Paul Wilbur Klipsch , American soldier and engineer, founded Klipsch Audio Technologies (d. 2002)1905 – Gerard Helders , Dutch jurist and politician, Dutch Minister of Colonial Affairs (d. 2013)1910 – Samuel Barber , American pianist and composer (d. 1981)1915 – Johnnie Johnson , English air marshal and pilot (d. 2001)1918 – George Lincoln Rockwell , American sailor and politician, founded the American Nazi Party (d. 1967)1918 – Mickey Spillane , American crime novelist (d. 2006)
1920 – Franjo Mihalić , Croatian-Serbian runner and coach (d. 2015)1921 – Carl Betz , American actor (d. 1978)1921 – Dimitris Horn , Greek actor (d. 1998)
1922 – Ian Turbott , New Zealand-Australian former diplomat and university administrator ( d. 2016)1922 – Bill Bainbridge , English former footballer
1923 – James L. Buckley , American lawyer, judge, and politician1923 – André Courrèges , French fashion designer (d. 2016)
1923 – Walter Kohn , Austrian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
1924 – Peter Scholl-Latour , German journalist, author, and academic (d. 2014)1924 – Ben Schadler , American professional basketball player (d. 2015)
1924 – William Hamilton , American theologian (d. 2012)
1926 – Joe Franklin , American radio and television host (d. 2015)1928 – Gerald Bull , Canadian-American engineer and academic (d. 1990)1929 – Desmond Hoyte , Guyanese lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Guyana (d. 2002)1929 – Zillur Rahman , Bangladeshi politician, 19th President of Bangladesh (d. 2013)
1930 – Ornette Coleman , American saxophonist, violinist, trumpet player, and composer (d. 2015)1930 – Taina Elg , Finnish-American actress and dancer
1931 – Jackie Healy-Rae , Irish politician (d. 2014)1932 – Qayyum Chowdhury , Bangladeshi painter and academic (d. 2014)1932 – Walter Mercado , Puerto Rican-American astrologer and actor
1932 – Jože Pučnik , Slovenian sociologist and politician (d. 2003)
1932 – Keely Smith , American singer and actress
1933 – Mel Lastman , Canadian businessman and politician, 62nd Mayor of Toronto 1933 – Lloyd Price , American R&B singer-songwriter
1933 – David Weatherall , English physician, geneticist, and academic
1934 – Yuri Gagarin , Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1968)1934 – Joyce Van Patten , American actress
1935 – Andrew Viterbi , American engineer and businessman, co-founded Qualcomm Inc. 1936 – Mickey Gilley , American singer-songwriter and pianist1936 – Marty Ingels , American actor and comedian (d. 2015)
1937 – Bernard Landry , Canadian lawyer and politician, 28th Premier of Quebec 1937 – Harry Neale , Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and sportscaster
1937 – Brian Redman , English race car driver
1940 – Raúl Juliá , Puerto Rican-American actor (d. 1994)1941 – Jim Colbert , American golfer1942 – Ion Caramitru , Romanian actor and artistic director1942 – John Cale , Welsh singer-songwriter, viola player, and producer1942 – Mark Lindsay , American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer
1943 – Bobby Fischer , American chess player and author (d. 2008)1943 – Charles Gibson , American journalist
1944 – Lee Irvine , South African cricketer1945 – Robert Calvert , English singer-songwriter and playwright (d. 1988)1945 – Robin Trower , English rock guitarist and vocalist1946 – Alexandra Bastedo , English actress (d. 2014)1946 – Warren Skaaren , American screenwriter and producer (d. 1990)
1946 – Bernd Hölzenbein , German footballer and scout
1947 – Keri Hulme , New Zealand author and poet1948 – Emma Bonino , Italian politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs 1948 – Eric Fischl , American painter and sculptor
1948 – Jeffrey Osborne , American singer and drummer
1948 – Chris Thompson , English singer and guitarist
1949 – Trevor Burton , English singer and guitarist1949 – Neil Hamilton , Welsh lawyer and politician
1950 – Doug Ault , American baseball player and manager (d. 2004)1950 – Andy North , American golfer
1950 – Howard Shelley , English pianist and conductor
1950 – Danny Sullivan , American race car driver and sportscaster
1951 – Helen Zille , South African journalist and politician, 7th Premier of the Western Cape 1952 – Bill Beaumont , English rugby player and manager1954 – Carlos Ghosn , Brazilian-Lebanese-French business executive1954 – Bobby Sands , PIRA volunteer; Irish republican; abstentionist MP (d. 1981)
1954 – Jock Taylor , Scottish motorcycle racer (d. 1982)
1955 – Teo Fabi , Italian race car driver1955 – Ornella Muti , Italian actress
1955 – Józef Pinior , Polish academic and politician
1956 – Mark Dantonio , American football player and coach1956 – Shashi Tharoor , Indian politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs
1956 – David Willetts , English academic and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills
1957 – PZ Myers , American biologist, author, and academic1957 – Mona Sahlin , Swedish politician, 6th Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden
1958 – Linda Fiorentino , American actress1958 – Martin Fry , English singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer
1958 – Paul MacLean , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1959 – Giovanni di Lorenzo , Swedish-German journalist1959 – Takaaki Kajita , Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
1959 – Lonny Price , American actor, director, and screenwriter
1960 – Finn Carter , American actress and photographer1961 – Mike Leach , American football player and coach1961 – Rick Steiner , American wrestler
1961 – Darrell Walker , American basketball player and coach
1962 – Jan Furtok , Polish footballer and manager1962 – Pete Wishart , Scottish singer and politician
1963 – Ivan Henjak , Australian rugby player and coach1963 – Terry Mulholland , American baseball player
1963 – David Pogue , American journalist and author
1963 – Jean-Marc Vallée , Canadian director and screenwriter
1964 – Juliette Binoche , French actress1964 – Phil Housley , American ice hockey player and coach
1964 – Valérie Lemercier , French actress, singer, director
1964 – Steve Wilkos , American police officer and talk show host
1965 – Brian Bosworth , American football player and actor1965 – Benito Santiago , Puerto Rican-American baseball player
1966 – Brendan Canty , American drummer and songwriter1966 – Tony Lockett , Australian footballer
1966 – Michael Patrick MacDonald , Irish-American author and activist
1968 – Youri Djorkaeff , French footballer1969 – Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf , American basketball player1969 – Kimberly Guilfoyle , American lawyer and journalist
1970 – Naveen Jindal , Indian businessman and politician1970 – Martin Johnson , English rugby player and coach
1970 – David Guido Pietroni , Italian director and producer
1971 – Emmanuel Lewis , American actor1972 – Jean Louisa Kelly , American actress1972 – Travis Lane Stork , American physician
1973 – Liam Griffin , English race car driver and businessman1974 – Mark Harrity , Australian cricketer1975 – Roy Makaay , Dutch footballer and manager1975 – Juan Sebastián Verón , Argentinian footballer
1977 – Radek Dvořák , Czech ice hockey player1978 – Lucas Neill , Australian footballer1979 – Oscar Isaac , Guatemalan-American actor1980 – Trent Croad , New Zealand-Australian footballer1980 – Matthew Gray Gubler , American actor, model, and writer
1981 – Antonio Bryant , American football player1981 – Clay Rapada , American baseball player
1982 – Matt Bowen , Australian rugby league player1982 – Mirjana Lučić-Baroni , Croatian tennis player
1983 – Wayne Simien , American basketball player1984 – Abdoulay Konko , French footballer1984 – Julia Mancuso , American skier
1985 – Brent Burns , Canadian ice hockey player1985 – Jesse Litsch , American baseball player
1985 – Parthiv Patel , Indian cricketer
1986 – Colin Greening , Canadian ice hockey player1987 – Bow Wow , American rapper, actor, and television host1989 – Kim Tae-yeon , South Korean singer and member of girl group Girls' Generation 1990 – Daley Blind , Dutch footballer1990 – Tatsuki Machida , Japanese figure skater
1990 – Aras Özbiliz , Turkish-Armenian footballer
1990 – Matt Robinson , New Zealand rugby league player
1990 – YG , American rapper and actor
1991 – Domo Genesis , American rapper1993 – Larnell Cole , English footballer1994 – Morgan Rielly , Canadian ice hockey player
769 – Alan of Farfa , Aquitanian scholar and hermit 842 – Humbert , bishop of Würzburg 886 – Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi , Muslim scholar and astrologer (b. 787)1202 – Sverre of Norway (b. 1145)1440 – Frances of Rome , Italian nun and saint (b. 1384)1444 – Leonardo Bruni , Italian humanist (b. 1374)1566 – David Rizzio , Italian-Scottish courtier and politician (b. 1533)1649 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton , Scottish soldier and politician, Lord Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1606)1649 – Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland , English soldier and politician, Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard (b. 1590)
1661 – Cardinal Mazarin , Italian-French academic and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1602)1709 – Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu , English courtier and politician (b. 1638)1808 – Joseph Bonomi the Elder , Italian architect, designed the Piercefield House and St James' Church (b. 1739)1810 – Ozias Humphry , English painter and academic (b. 1742)1825 – Anna Laetitia Barbauld , English poet, author, and critic (b. 1743)1847 - Mary Anning , English paleontologist (b. 1799)1851 – Hans Christian Ørsted , Danish physicist and chemist (b. 1777)1888 – William I, German Emperor (b. 1797)1895 – Leopold von Sacher-Masoch , Austrian journalist and author (b. 1836)1897 – Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani , Afghan ideologist and activist (b. 1838)1897 – Sondre Norheim , Norwegian-American skier (b. 1825)
1905 – Nikolai Anderson , Estonian philologist and linguist (b. 1845)1918 – Frank Wedekind , German author and playwright (b. 1864)1925 – Willard Metcalf , American painter and academic (b. 1858)1926 – Mikao Usui , Japanese spiritual leader, founded Reiki (b. 1865)1937 – Paul Elmer More , American journalist and critic (b. 1864)1943 – Otto Freundlich , German painter and sculptor (b. 1878)1947 – Jhaverchand Meghani , Indian poet and playwright (b. 1896)1948 – Edgar de Wahl , Ukrainian-Estonian linguist and scholar (b. 1867)1954 – Vagn Walfrid Ekman , Swedish oceanographer and academic (b. 1874)
1955 – Miroslava , Czech-Mexican actress (b. 1925)1964 – Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck , German general (b. 1870)1969 – Abdul Munim Riad , Egyptian general (b. 1919)1971 – Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria (b. 1902)1974 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr. , American pharmacologist and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)1983 – Faye Emerson , American actress (b. 1917)1983 – Ulf von Euler , Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
1985 – Harry Catterick , English footballer and manager (b. 1919)1988 – Kurt Georg Kiesinger , German lawyer and politician, 3rd Chancellor of Germany (b. 1904)1989 – Robert Mapplethorpe , American photographer (b. 1946)1991 – Jim Hardin , American baseball player (b. 1943)1992 – Menachem Begin , Belarusian-Israeli soldier and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Israel , Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)1993 – C. Northcote Parkinson , English historian and author (b. 1909)1994 – Charles Bukowski , American poet, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1920)1994 – Eddie Creatchman , Canadian wrestler, referee, and manager (b. 1928)
1994 – Fernando Rey , Spanish actor (b. 1917)
1996 – George Burns , American actor and comedian (b. 1896)1997 – Jean-Dominique Bauby , French journalist and author (b. 1952)1997 – Terry Nation , Welsh author and screenwriter (b. 1930)
1997 – Notorious B.I.G. , American rapper (b. 1972)
1999 – Harry Somers , Canadian pianist and composer (b. 1925)2000 – Jean Coulthard , Canadian composer and educator (b. 1908)2000 – Ivo Robić , Croatian singer-songwriter (b. 1923)
2003 – Stan Brakhage , American director and cinematographer (b. 1933)2003 – Bernard Dowiyogo , Nauruan politician, 2nd President of Nauru (b. 1946)
2004 – Rust Epique , American guitarist and painter (b. 1968)2004 – Albert Mol , Dutch actor and author (b. 1917)
2005 – Chris LeDoux , American singer-songwriter (b. 1948)2005 – István Nyers , French-Hungarian footballer (b. 1924)
2006 – Tom Fox , American activist (b. 1951)2006 – John Profumo , English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for War (b. 1915)
2007 – Brad Delp , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1951)2007 – Glen Harmon , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
2010 – Willie Davis , American baseball player and manager (b. 1940)2010 – Doris Haddock , American activist and politician (b. 1910)
2011 – David S. Broder , American journalist and academic (b. 1929)2012 – Willye Dennis , American librarian and politician (b. 1926)2012 – Joy Mukherjee , Indian actor and director (b. 1939)
2012 – Jose Tomas Sanchez , Filipino cardinal (b. 1920)
2012 – Agnes Torres , Mexican psychologist, researcher, and transgender activist (b. 1939)
2013 – Max Jakobson , Finnish journalist and diplomat (b. 1923)2013 – Viren J. Shah , Indian businessman and politician, 21st Governor of West Bengal (b. 1926)
2013 – Merton Simpson , American painter and art collector (b. 1928)
2014 – Mohammed Fahim , Afghan field marshal and politician, Vice President of Afghanistan (b. 1924)2014 – William Clay Ford, Sr. , American businessman (b. 1925)
2015 – James Molyneaux, Baron Molyneaux of Killead , Northern Irish soldier and politician (b. 1920)2015 – Alexis Vastine , French boxer (b. 1986)
2016 – Jon English , English-Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (b. 1949)2016 – Robert Horton , American actor (b. 1924)
2016 – Clyde Lovellette , American basketball player and coach (b. 1929)
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