June 27

June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 187 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Monday, Wednesday or Saturday (58 in 400 years each) than on Thursday or Friday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Tuesday or Sunday (56).

Events

• 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa (Republic of Dubrovnik) is founded.
• 1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England.
• 1556 – The thirteen Stratford Martyrs are burned at the stake near London for their Protestant beliefs.
• 1743 – In the Battle of Dettingen, George II becomes the last reigning British monarch to participate in a battle.
• 1759 – General James Wolfe begins the siege of Quebec.
• 1760 – Cherokee warriors defeat British forces at the Battle of Echoee near present-day Otto, North Carolina during the Anglo-Cherokee War.
• 1806 – British forces take Buenos Aires during the first British invasions of the River Plate.
• 1844 – Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, and his brother Hyrum Smith, are killed by a mob at the Carthage, Illinois jail.
• 1895 – The inaugural run of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad's Royal Blue from Washington, D.C., to New York City, the first U.S. passenger train to use electric locomotives.
• 1898 – The first solo circumnavigation of the globe is completed by Joshua Slocum from Briar Island, Nova Scotia.
• 1905 – During the Russo-Japanese War, sailors start a mutiny aboard the Russian battleship Potemkin.
• 1927 – Prime Minister of Japan Tanaka Giichi leads a conference to discuss Japan's plans for China; later, a document detailing these plans, the "Tanaka Memorial" is leaked, although it is now considered a forgery.
• 1941 – Romanian authorities launch one of the most violent pogroms in Jewish history in the city of Iași, resulting in the murder of at least 13,266 Jews.
• 1941 – German troops capture the city of Białystok during Operation Barbarossa.
• 1946 – In the Canadian Citizenship Act, the Parliament of Canada establishes the definition of Canadian citizenship.
• 1950 – The United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War.
• 1950 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 83 is adopted.
• 1952 – Guatemala passes Decree 900, ordering the redistribution of uncultivated land.
• 1954 – The Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant, the Soviet Union's first nuclear power station, opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
• 1954 – The 1954 FIFA World Cup quarterfinal match between Hungary and Brazil, highly anticipated to be exciting, instead turns violent, with three players ejected and further fighting continuing after the game.
• 1957 – Hurricane Audrey makes landfall near the Texas–Louisiana border, killing over 400 people, mainly in and around Cameron, Louisiana.
• 1971 – After only three years in business, rock promoter Bill Graham closes Fillmore East in New York, the "Church of Rock and Roll".
• 1973 – The President of Uruguay Juan María Bordaberry dissolves Parliament and establishes a dictatorship.
• 1974 – U.S. president Richard Nixon visits the Soviet Union.
• 1976 – Air France Flight 139 (Tel Aviv-Athens-Paris) is hijacked en route to Paris by the PLO and redirected to Entebbe, Uganda.
• 1977 – France grants independence to Djibouti.
• 1980 – Italian Aerolinee Itavia Flight 870 mysteriously explodes in mid air while en route from Bologna to Palermo, killing all 81 on board. Also known in Italy as the Ustica disaster
• 1981 – The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issues its "Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China", laying the blame for the Cultural Revolution on Mao Zedong.
• 1982 – Space Shuttle Columbia launched from the Kennedy Space Center on the final research and development flight mission, STS-4.
• 1988 – The Gare de Lyon rail accident kills 56 people.
• 1991 – Slovenia, after declaring independence two days before is invaded by Yugoslav troops, tanks, and aircraft starting the Ten-Day War.
• 2007 – Tony Blair resigns as British Prime Minister, a position he had held since 1997.
• 2007 – The Brazilian Military Police invades the favelas of Complexo do Alemão in an episode which is remembered as the Complexo do Alemão massacre.
• 2008 – In a highly scrutizined election President of Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe is re-elected in a landslide after his opponent Morgan Tsvangirai had withdrawn a week earlier, citing violence against his party's supporters.
• 2013 – NASA launches the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, a space probe to observe the Sun.
• 2014 – At least fourteen people are killed when a Gas Authority of India Limited pipeline explodes in the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
• 2015 – A midair explosion from flammable powder at a recreational water park in Taiwan injures at least 510 people with about 183 in serious condition in intensive care.

Births

• 850 – Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir (d. 902)
• 1040 – Ladislaus I, Hungarian king (d. 1095)
• 1350 – Manuel II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1425)
• 1430 – Henry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter, Lancastrian leader (d. 1475)
• 1462 – Louis XII, French king (d. 1515)
• 1464 – Ernst II of Saxony, Archbishop of Magdeburg (1476–1513) (d. 1513)
• 1497 – Ernest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1546)
• 1550 – Charles IX, French king (d. 1574)
• 1696 – William Pepperrell, American merchant and soldier (d. 1759)
• 1717 – Louis-Guillaume Le Monnier, French botanist and physicist (d. 1799)
• 1767 – Alexis Bouvard, French astronomer and academic (d. 1843)
• 1805 – Napoléon Coste, French guitarist and composer (d. 1883)
• 1806 – Augustus De Morgan, English mathematician and logician (d. 1871)
• 1817 – Louise von François, German author (d. 1893)
• 1838 – Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Indian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1894)
• 1838 – Paul Mauser, German weapon designer, designed the Gewehr 98 (d. 1914)
• 1846 – Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish politician (d. 1891)
• 1850 – Jørgen Pedersen Gram, Danish mathematician and academic (d. 1919)
• 1850 – Lafcadio Hearn, Greek-Japanese historian and author (d. 1904)
• 1862 – May Irwin, Canadian-American actress and singer (d. 1938)
• 1865 – John Monash, Australian engineer and general (d. 1931)
• 1869 – Kate Carew, American illustrator and journalist (d. 1961)
• 1869 – Emma Goldman, Lithuanian-Canadian philosopher and activist (d. 1940)
• 1869 – Hans Spemann, German embryologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
• 1870 – Frank Rattray Lillie, American zoologist and embryologist (d. 1947)
• 1872 – Heber Doust Curtis, American astronomer (d. 1942)
• 1872 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American author, poet, and playwright (d. 1906)
• 1880 – Helen Keller, American author, academic, and activist (d. 1968)
• 1882 – Eduard Spranger, German philosopher and academic (d. 1963)
• 1884 – Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (d. 1962)
• 1885 – Pierre Montet, French historian and academic (d. 1966)
• 1885 – Guilhermina Suggia, Portuguese cellist (d. 1950)
• 1886 – Charlie Macartney, Australian cricketer and soldier (d. 1958)
• 1888 – Lewis Bernstein Namier, Polish-English historian and academic (d. 1960)
• 1888 – Antoinette Perry, American actress and director (d. 1946)
• 1892 – Paul Colin, French illustrator (d. 1985)
• 1899 – Juan Trippe, American businessman, founded Pan American World Airways (d. 1981)
• 1901 – Merle Tuve, American geophysicist and academic (d. 1982)
• 1905 – Armand Mondou, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1976)
• 1906 – Catherine Cookson, English author and philanthropist (d. 1998)
• 1906 – Vernon Watkins, Welsh-American poet and painter (d. 1967)
• 1907 – John McIntire, American actor (d. 1991)
• 1908 – João Guimarães Rosa, Brazilian physician and author (d. 1967)
• 1913 – Elton Britt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972)
• 1913 – Philip Guston, American painter and academic (d. 1980)
• 1913 – Willie Mosconi, American pool player (d. 1993)
• 1914 – Robert Aickman, English author and activist, co-founded the Inland Waterways Association (d. 1981)
• 1914 – Giorgio Almirante, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1988)
• 1915 – Grace Lee Boggs, American philosopher, author, and activist (d. 2015)
• 1915 – John Alexander Moore, American zoologist and academic (d. 2002)
• 1916 – Robert Normann, Norwegian guitarist (d. 1998)
• 1918 – Adolph Kiefer, American swimmer
• 1921 – Muriel Pavlow, English actress
• 1922 – George Walker, American composer
• 1923 – Jacques Berthier, French organist and composer (d. 1994)
• 1923 – Elmo Hope, American pianist and composer (d. 1967)
• 1924 – Bob Appleyard, English cricketer and businessman (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Leonard Lerman, American geneticist and biologist (d. 2012)
• 1927 – Bob Keeshan, American actor and producer (d. 2004)
• 1928 – James Lincoln Collier, American journalist and author
• 1928 – Rudy Perpich, American dentist and politician, 34th Governor of Minnesota (d. 1995)
• 1929 – Dick the Bruiser, American football player and wrestler (d. 1991)
• 1929 – Peter Maas, American journalist and author (d. 2001)
• 1930 – Ross Perot, American businessman and politician
• 1931 – Charles Bronfman, Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist
• 1931 – Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1932 – Eddie Kasko, American baseball player and manager
• 1932 – Anna Moffo, American operatic soprano (d. 2006)
• 1932 – Hugh Wood, English composer
• 1936 – Lucille Clifton, American author and poet (d. 2010)
• 1937 – Joseph P. Allen, American physicist and astronaut
• 1937 – Otto Herrigel, Namibian lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Kirkpatrick Sale, American author and scholar
• 1938 – Bruce Babbitt, American lawyer and politician, 47th United States Secretary of the Interior
• 1938 – Shirley Anne Field, English actress
• 1938 – David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead, Scottish lieutenant and judge
• 1938 – Yevgeniy Ivchenko, Ukrainian race walker (d. 1999)
• 1938 – Konrad Kujau, German illustrator (d. 2000)
• 1939 – R. D. Burman, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 1994)
• 1939 – Neil Hawke, Australian cricker and footballer (d. 2000)
• 1940 – Ian Lang, Baron Lang of Monkton, Scottish politician, Secretary of State for Scotland
• 1941 – Bill Baxley, American lawyer and politician, 24th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
• 1941 – James P. Hogan, English-Irish author (d. 2010)
• 1941 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish director and screenwriter (d. 1996)
• 1942 – Bruce Johnston, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1942 – Danny Schechter, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1943 – Ravi Batra, Indian-American economist and academic
• 1944 – Angela King, English environmentalist and author, co-founded Common Ground
• 1944 – Patrick Sercu, Belgian cyclist
• 1945 – Joey Covington, American drummer, songwriter, and producer (d. 2013)
• 1945 – Norma Kamali, American fashion designer
• 1948 – Camile Baudoin, American guitarist
• 1949 – Vera Wang, American fashion designer
• 1951 – Ulf Andersson, Swedish chess player
• 1951 – Julia Duffy, American actress
• 1951 – Mary McAleese, Irish academic and politician, 8th President of Ireland
• 1952 – Madan Bhandari, Nepalese politician (d. 1993)
• 1953 – Igor Gräzin, Estonian academic and politician
• 1953 – Alice McDermott, American novelist
• 1954 – Richard Ibbotson, English admiral
• 1955 – Isabelle Adjani, French actress
• 1956 – Heiner Dopp, German field hockey player and politician
• 1957 – Gabriella Dorio, Italian runner
• 1958 – Lisa Germano, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1958 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
• 1959 – Dan Jurgens, American author and illustrator
• 1959 – Lorrie Morgan, American singer
• 1960 – Craig Hodges, American basketball player and coach
• 1960 – Robert King, English harpsichordist and conductor
• 1962 – Michael Ball, English actor and singer
• 1962 – Sunanda Pushkar, India-born Canadian businesswoman (d. 2014)
• 1963 – Wendy Alexander, Scottish politician, Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning
• 1963 – Johnny Benson, Jr., American race car driver
• 1963 – Paul Roos, Australian footballer and coach
• 1964 – Stephan Brenninkmeijer, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1964 – Chuck Person, American basketball player and coach
• 1965 – Simon Sebag Montefiore, English journalist, historian, and author
• 1965 – Óscar Vega, Spanish boxer
• 1966 – J.J. Abrams, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Jörg Bergen, German footballer and manager
• 1966 – Aigars Kalvītis, Latvian politician, businessman, and former Prime Minister of Latvia
• 1967 – Jeff Conine, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1967 – Sylvie Fréchette, Canadian swimmer and coach
• 1967 – Vasiliy Kaptyukh, Belarusian discus thrower
• 1967 – Phil Kearns, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
• 1968 – Kelly Ayotte, American lawyer and politician, New Hampshire Attorney General
• 1969 – Viktor Petrenko, Ukrainian figure skater
• 1969 – Draco Rosa, American-born Puerto Rican singer-songwriter and producer
• 1970 – Régine Cavagnoud, French skier (d. 2001)
• 1970 – John Eales, Australian rugby player and businessman
• 1970 – Jim Edmonds, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1971 – Jo Frost, English nanny, television personality, and author
• 1972 – Dawud Wharnsby, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1973 – George Hincapie, American cyclist
• 1973 – Simon Archer, English badminton player
• 1974 – Christian Kane, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1974 – Christopher O'Neill, English-American businessman
• 1975 – Ace Darling, American wrestler
• 1975 – Bianca Del Rio, American drag queen & comedian
• 1975 – Sarah Evanetz, Canadian swimmer
• 1975 – Tobey Maguire, American actor
• 1975 – Daryle Ward, American baseball player
• 1976 – Johnny Estrada, American baseball player
• 1976 – Nekima Levy-Pounds, American lawyer, professor, activist, and writer
• 1977 – Arkadiusz Radomski, Polish footballer
• 1978 – Apparat, German musician
• 1980 – Hugo Campagnaro, Argentinian footballer
• 1980 – Jennifer Goodridge, American keyboard player
• 1980 – Kevin Pietersen, South African cricketer
• 1980 – Craig Terrill, American football player
• 1981 – Andrew Embley, Australian footballer
• 1983 – Jim Johnson, American baseball player
• 1983 – Dale Steyn, South African cricketer
• 1984 – Khloé Kardashian, American model, businesswoman, and radio host
• 1984 – D.J. King, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1985 – James Hook, Welsh rugby player
• 1985 – Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russian tennis player
• 1985 – Nico Rosberg, German race car driver
• 1986 – Sam Claflin, British actor
• 1986 – Drake Bell, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1986 – Bryan Fletcher, American skier
• 1987 – India de Beaufort, English actress
• 1987 – Ed Westwick, English actor
• 1988 – Stefani Bismpikou, Greek gymnast
• 1988 – Matthew Spiranovic, Australian footballer
• 1988 – Kate Ziegler, American swimmer
• 1989 – Hana Birnerová, Czech tennis player
• 1993 – Johanna Talihärm, Estonian biathlete
• 1994 – Anita Husarić, Bosnian tennis player

Deaths

• 992 – Conan I of Rennes, Duke of Brittany
• 1162 – Odo II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1118)
• 1194 – King Sancho VI of Navarre (b. c. 1133)
• 1296 – Floris V, Count of Holland (b. 1254)
• 1458 – Alfonso V of Aragon (b. 1396)
• 1497 – Michael An Gof, rebel leader
• 1497 – Thomas Flamank, rebel leader
• 1574 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian historian, painter, and architect (b. 1511)
• 1603 – Jan Dymitr Solikowski, Polish archbishop (b. 1539)
• 1627 – John Hayward, English historian, journalist, and politician (b. 1564)
• 1636 – Date Masamune, Japanese strongman (b. 1567)
• 1672 – Roger Twysden, English historian and politician (b. 1597)
• 1720 – Guillaume Amfrye de Chaulieu, French poet and author (b. 1639)
• 1794 – Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg (b. 1711)
• 1794 – Philippe de Noailles, French general (b. 1715)
• 1827 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian and academic (b. 1754)
• 1829 – James Smithson, English chemist and mineralogist (b. 1765)
• 1831 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)
• 1839 – Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (b. 1780)
• 1844 – Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (b. 1800)
• 1844 – Joseph Smith, American religious leader, founded the Latter Day Saint movement (b. 1805)
• 1878 – Sidney Breese, American jurist and politician (b. 1800)
• 1896 – John Berryman, English soldier, Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1825)
• 1905 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (b. 1867)
• 1907 – Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, American educator, co-founded Radcliffe College (b. 1822)
• 1911 – Victor Surridge, English motorcycle racer (b. 1882)
• 1912 – George Bonnor, Australian cricketer (b. 1855)
• 1917 – Karl Allmenröder, German soldier and pilot (b. 1896)
• 1919 – Peter Sturholdt, American boxer (b. 1885)
• 1920 – Adolphe-Basile Routhier, Canadian lawyer and judge (b. 1839)
• 1934 – Francesco Buhagiar, Maltese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1876)
• 1935 – Eugene Augustin Lauste, French-American inventor (b. 1857)
• 1944 – Milan Hodža, Czech journalist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (b. 1878)
• 1946 – Wanda Gág, American author and illustrator (b. 1893)
• 1949 – Frank Smythe, English botanist and mountaineer (b. 1900)
• 1952 – Max Dehn, German-American mathematician and academic (b. 1878)
• 1957 – Hermann Buhl, Austrian soldier and mountaineer (b. 1924)
• 1960 – Lottie Dod, English tennis player, golfer, and archer (b. 1871)
• 1962 – Paul Viiding, Estonian author, poet, and critic (b. 1904)
• 1967 – Jaan Lattik, Estonian pastor and politician, 9th Minister of Foreign Affairs of Estonia (b. 1878)
• 1970 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler and scholar (b. 1902)
• 1975 – G.I. Taylor, English mathematician and physicist (b. 1886)
• 1986 – George Nepia, New Zealand rugby player and referee (b. 1905)
• 1987 – Billy Snedden, Australian lawyer and politician, 17th Attorney-General for Australia (b. 1926)
• 1989 – A. J. Ayer, English philosopher and academic (b. 1910)
• 1991 – Milton Subotsky, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1921)
• 1996 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer (b. 1909)
• 1998 – Gilles Rocheleau, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1935)
• 1999 – Georgios Papadopoulos, Greek colonel and politician, 169th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
• 2000 – Pierre Pflimlin, French lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
• 2001 – Tove Jansson, Finnish author, illustrator, and painter (b. 1914)
• 2001 – Jack Lemmon, American actor (b. 1925)
• 2001 – Joan Sims, English actress (b. 1930)
• 2002 – John Entwistle, English singer-songwriter, bass guitarist, and producer (b. 1944)
• 2002 – Robert L. J. Long, American admiral (b. 1920)
• 2003 – David Newman, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
• 2004 – George Patton IV, American general (b. 1923)
• 2004 – Darrell Russell, American race car driver (b. 1968)
• 2005 – Shelby Foote, American historian and author (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Ray Holmes, English lieutenant and pilot (b. 1914)
• 2005 – John T. Walton, American businessman, co-founded the Children's Scholarship Fund (b. 1946)
• 2006 – Ángel Maturino Reséndiz, Mexican serial killer (b. 1959)
• 2007 – William Hutt, Canadian actor (b. 1920)
• 2008 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian field marshal (b. 1914)
• 2008 – Michael Turner, American author and illustrator (b. 1971)
• 2009 – Gale Storm, American actress and singer (b. 1922)
• 2010 – Corey Allen, American film and television actor, writer, director, and producer (b. 1934)
• 2011 – Mike Doyle, English footballer (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Stan Cox, English runner (b. 1918)
• 2012 – Rosemary Dobson, Australian poet and illustrator (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Stefano Borgonovo, Italian footballer (b. 1964)
• 2013 – Bill Robertson, American businessman and politician (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Ian Scott, English-New Zealand painter (b. 1945)
• 2014 – Edmond Blanchard, Canadian jurist and politician (b. 1954)
• 2014 – Allen Grossman, American poet, critic, and academic (b. 1932)
• 2014 – Leslie Manigat, Haitian educator and politician, 43rd President of Haiti (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Rachid Solh, Lebanese politician, 48th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Zvi Elpeleg, Polish-Israeli diplomat, author, and academic (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Knut Helle, Norwegian historian and professor (b. 1930)
• 2016 – Bud Spencer, Italian swimmer, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Crescens, one of the Seventy disciples
  • Cyril of Alexandria (Coptic Church, Roman Catholic Church, Anglican Communion and Lutheran Church)
  • Ladislaus I of Hungary
  • Our Lady of Perpetual Help
  • June 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Canadian Multiculturalism Day (Canada)
• Commemoration Day for the Victims of the Communist Regime (Czech Republic)
• Day of Turkmen Workers of Culture and Art (Turkmenistan)
• Helen Keller Day (United States)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Djibouti from France in 1977.
• Mixed Race Day (Brazil)
• National HIV Testing Day (United States)
• National PTSD Awareness Day (United States)
• Seven Sleepers' Day or Siebenschläfertag (Germany)
• Unity Day (Tajikistan)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada