July 22 is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 162 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Wednesday, Friday or Sunday (58 in 400 years each) than on Monday or Tuesday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Thursday or Saturday (56).
838 – Battle of Anzen : The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids .
1099 – First Crusade : Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem .
1209 – Massacre at Béziers : The first major military action of the Albigensian Crusade .
1298 – Wars of Scottish Independence : Battle of Falkirk : King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town of Falkirk .
1456 – Ottoman wars in Europe : Siege of Belgrade : John Hunyadi , Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary , defeats Mehmet II of the Ottoman Empire
1484 – Battle of Lochmaben Fair : A 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas are defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany's brother James III of Scotland ; Douglas is captured.
1499 – Battle of Dornach : The Swiss decisively defeat the army of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor .
1587 – Roanoke Colony : A second group of English settlers arrives on Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
1686 – Albany, New York is formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan .
1706 – The Acts of Union 1707 are agreed upon by commissioners from the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland , which, when passed by each countries' Parliaments, led to the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain .
1793 – Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first recorded human to complete a transcontinental crossing of North America.
1796 – Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland " after Gen. Moses Cleaveland , the superintendent of the surveying party.
1797 – Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife : Battle between Spanish and British naval forces during the French Revolutionary Wars . During the Battle, Rear-Admiral Nelson is wounded in the arm and the arm had to be partially amputated.
1802 – Emperor Gia Long conquers Hanoi and unified Viet Nam , which had experienced centuries of feudal warfare.
1805 – Napoleonic Wars : War of the Third Coalition : Battle of Cape Finisterre : An inconclusive naval action is fought between a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder .
1812 – Napoleonic Wars : Peninsular War : Battle of Salamanca : British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca , Spain.
1864 – American Civil War : Battle of Atlanta : Outside Atlanta , Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
1894 – The first ever motor race is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen . The fastest finisher was the Comte Jules-Albert de Dion , but the 'official' victory was awarded to Albert Lemaître driving his 3 hp petrol engined Peugeot .
1916 – Preparedness Day Bombing : In San Francisco , a bomb explodes on Market Street during a parade, killing ten and injuring 40.
1933 – Aviator Wiley Post returns to Floyd Bennett Field in New York City, completing the first solo flight around the world in 7 days, 18 hours and 49 minutes.
1937 – New Deal : The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt 's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States .
1942 – The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
1942 – Holocaust : The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
1943 – World War II: Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo .
1943 – World War II: Axis occupation forces violently disperse a massive protest in Athens , killing 22.
1944 – The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto , starting the period of Communist rule in Poland
1946 – King David Hotel bombing : A Zionist underground organisation, the Irgun , bombs the King David Hotel in Jerusalem , site of the civil administration and military headquarters for Mandatory Palestine , resulting in 91 deaths.
1962 – Mariner program : Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
1963 – Crown Colony of Sarawak gains self-governance .
1976 – Japan completes its last reparation to the Philippines for war crimes committed during imperial Japan's conquest of the country in the Second World War .
1977 – Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
1983 – Martial law in Poland is officially revoked.
1992 – Near Medellín , Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
1993 – Great Flood of 1993 : Levees near Kaskaskia, Illinois rupture, forcing the entire town to evacuate by barges operated by the Army Corps of Engineers .
1997 – The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario .
2003 – Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq , killing Saddam Hussein 's sons Uday and Qusay , along with Mustapha Hussein , Qusay's 14-year-old son, and a bodyguard.
2005 – Jean Charles de Menezes is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers responsible for the 7 July 2005 London bombings and the 21 July 2005 London bombings .
2011 – Norway is the victim of twin terror attacks , the first being a bomb blast which targeted government buildings in central Oslo , the second being a massacre at a youth camp on the island of Utøya .
2013 – A series of earthquakes in Dingxi , China , kills at least 89 people and injures more than 500 others.
1210 – Joan of England, Queen of Scotland (d. 1238)
1437 – John Scrope, 5th Baron Scrope of Bolton , English Baron (d. 1498)
1478 – Philip I of Castile (d. 1506)
1476 – Zhu Youyuan , Ming Dynasty politician (d. 1519)
1559 – Lawrence of Brindisi , Italian priest and saint (d. 1619)
1621 – Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury , English politician, Lord Chancellor of the United Kingdom (d. 1683)
1651 – Ferdinand Tobias Richter , Austrian organist and composer (d. 1711)
1702 – Alessandro Besozzi , Italian oboe player and composer (d. 1775)
1711 – Georg Wilhelm Richmann , German-Russian physicist and academic (d. 1753)
1713 – Jacques-Germain Soufflot , French architect, designed the Panthéon (d. 1780)
1733 – Mikhail Shcherbatov , Russian philosopher and historian (d. 1790)
1755 – Gaspard de Prony , French mathematician and engineer (d. 1839)
1784 – Friedrich Bessel , German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1846)
1839 – Jakob Hurt , Estonian theologist and linguist (d. 1907)
1844 – William Archibald Spooner , English priest and scholar (d. 1930)
1848 – Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1914)
1849 – Emma Lazarus , American poet and educator (d. 1887)
1856 – Octave Hamelin , French philosopher (d. 1907)
1862 – Cosmo Duff-Gordon , Scottish fencer (d. 1931)
1863 – Alec Hearne , English cricketer (d. 1952)
1878 – Janusz Korczak , Polish pediatrician and author (d. 1942)
1882 – Edward Hopper , American painter and etcher (d. 1967)
1884 – Odell Shepard , American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (d. 1967)
1886 – Hella Wuolijoki , Estonian-Finnish author (d. 1954)
1887 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz , German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
1888 – Kirk Bryan , American geologist and academic (d. 1950)
1888 – Selman Waksman , Jewish-American biochemist and microbiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1973)
1889 – James Whale , English actor and director (d. 1957)
1890 – Rose Kennedy , American philanthropist (d. 1995)
1892 – Jack MacBryan , English cricketer and field hockey player (d. 1983)
1893 – Jesse Haines , American baseball player and coach (d. 1978)
1893 – Karl Menninger , American psychiatrist and author (d. 1990)
1895 – León de Greiff , Colombian poet, journalist, and diplomat (d. 1976)
1898 – Stephen Vincent Benét , American poet, short story writer, and novelist (d. 1943)
1899 – Sobhuza II of Swaziland (d. 1982)
1908 – Amy Vanderbilt , American author (d. 1974)
1909 – Licia Albanese , Italian-American soprano and actress (d. 2014)
1909 – Dorino Serafini , Italian race car driver (d. 2000)
1913 – Gorni Kramer , Italian bassist, songwriter, and bandleader (d. 1995)
1915 – Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah , Indian-Pakistani politician and diplomat (d. 2000)
1916 – Gino Bianco , Brazilian race car driver (d. 1984)
1916 – Marcel Cerdan , French boxer (d. 1949)
1921 – William V. Roth Jr. , American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
1922 – Alan Stephenson Boyd , American businessman and politician, 1st United States Secretary of Transportation
1923 – Bob Dole , American soldier, lawyer, and politician
1923 – César Fernández Ardavín , Spanish director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
1924 – Margaret Whiting , American singer (d. 2011)
1925 – Jack Matthews , American author, playwright, and academic (d. 2013)
1925 – Joseph Sargent , American actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
1926 – Bryan Forbes , English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
1926 – Wolfgang Iser , German scholar, literary theorist (d. 2007)
1927 – Johan Ferner , Norwegian sailor (d. 2015)
1927 – Pierre Granier-Deferre , French director and screenwriter (d. 2007)
1928 – Orson Bean , American actor
1928 – Jimmy Hill , English footballer, manager, and sportscaster (d. 2015)
1929 – John Barber , English race car driver
1929 – Leonid Stolovich , Russian-Estonian philosopher and academic (d. 2013)
1929 – Neil Welliver , American painter (d. 2005)
1931 – Leo Labine , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2005)
1932 – Oscar de la Renta , Dominican-American fashion designer (d. 2014)
1932 – Tom Robbins , American novelist
1934 – Junior Cook , American saxophonist (d. 1992)
1934 – Louise Fletcher , American actress
1935 – Tom Cartwright , English-Welsh cricketer and coach (d. 2007)
1936 – Don Patterson , American organist (d. 1988)
1936 – Harold Rhodes , English cricketer
1936 – Geraldine Claudette Darden , American mathematician
1937 – Yasuhiro Kojima , Japanese-American wrestler and manager (d. 1999)
1937 – Vasant Ranjane , Indian cricketer (d. 2011)
1938 – Terence Stamp , English actor
1940 – Judith Walzer Leavitt , American historian and academic
1940 – Alex Trebek , Canadian-American game show host and producer
1941 – Estelle Bennett , American singer (d. 2009)
1941 – Vaughn Bodē , American illustrator (d. 1975)
1941 – George Clinton , American singer-songwriter and producer
1941 – David M. Kennedy , American historian and author
1942 – Michael Abney-Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun , English-Australian politician (d. 2012)
1942 – Peter Habeler , Austrian mountaineer and skier
1942 – Les Johns , Australian rugby player and coach
1943 – Masaru Emoto , Japanese author and activist (d. 2014)
1943 – Kay Bailey Hutchison , American lawyer and politician
1943 – Bobby Sherman , American singer-songwriter and actor
1944 – Rick Davies , English singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1944 – Sparky Lyle , American baseball player and manager
1944 – Anand Satyanand , New Zealand lawyer, judge, and politician, 19th Governor-General of New Zealand
1945 – Philip Cohen , English biochemist and academic
1946 – Danny Glover , American actor, director, and producer
1946 – Paul Schrader , American director and screenwriter
1946 – Rolando Joven Tria Tirona , Filipino archbishop
1946 – Johnson Toribiong , Palauan lawyer and politician, 7th President of Palau
1947 – Albert Brooks , American actor, comedian, director, and screenwriter
1947 – Gilles Duceppe , Canadian politician
1947 – Don Henley , American singer-songwriter and drummer
1949 – Alan Menken , American pianist and composer
1949 – Lasse Virén , Finnish runner and police officer
1951 – Richard Bennett , American guitarist and producer
1951 – Patriarch Daniel of Romania
1953 – Brian Howe , English singer-songwriter
1954 – Al Di Meola , American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1954 – Steve LaTourette , American lawyer and politician (d. 2016)
1954 – Lonette McKee , American actress and singer
1954 – Ingrid Daubechies , Belgian physicist and mathematician
1955 – Richard J. Corman , American businessman, founded the R.J. Corman Railroad Group (d. 2013)
1955 – Willem Dafoe , American actor
1956 – Scott Sanderson , American baseball player and sportscaster
1957 – Dave Stieb , American baseball player
1958 – Tatsunori Hara , Japanese baseball player and coach
1958 – David Von Erich , American wrestler (d. 1984)
1960 – Jon Oliva , American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1961 – Calvin Fish , English race car driver and sportscaster
1961 – Keith Sweat , American singer-songwriter and producer
1962 – Alvin Robertson , American basketball player
1962 – Martine St. Clair , Canadian singer and actress
1963 – Emilio Butragueño , Spanish footballer
1963 – Emily Saliers , American singer-songwriter and musician
1964 – Bonnie Langford , English actress and dancer
1964 – John Leguizamo , Colombian-American actor, producer, and screenwriter
1964 – Anneke von der Lippe , Norwegian actress
1964 – David Spade , American actor, producer, and screenwriter
1965 – Derrick Dalley , Canadian educator and politician
1965 – Shawn Michaels , American wrestler, trainer, and actor
1965 – Richard B. Poore , New Zealand humanitarian
1965 – Doug Riesenberg , American football player and coach
1966 – Tim Brown , American football player and manager
1967 – Lauren Booth , English journalist and activist
1968 – Rhys Ifans , Welsh actor
1969 – Despina Vandi , German-Greek singer and actress
1970 – Jason Becker , American guitarist and songwriter
1970 – Steve Carter , Australian rugby player
1970 – Devendra Fadnavis , Indian lawyer and politician, 18th Chief Minister of Maharashtra
1970 – Sergei Zubov , Russian ice hockey player and coach
1971 – Kristine Lilly , American soccer player
1972 – Colin Ferguson , Canadian actor, director, and producer
1972 – Seth Fisher , American illustrator (d. 2006)
1972 – Keyshawn Johnson , American football player and sportscaster
1973 – Brian Chippendale , American singer and drummer
1973 – Daniel Jones , English-Australian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
1973 – Mike Sweeney , American baseball player and sportscaster
1973 – Ece Temelkuran , Turkish journalist and author
1973 – Rufus Wainwright , American-Canadian singer-songwriter
1974 – Franka Potente , German actress
1977 – Ezio Galon , Italian rugby player
1977 – Ingo Hertzsch , German footballer
1977 – Gustavo Nery , Brazilian footballer
1978 – A. J. Cook , Canadian actress
1978 – Martyn Lee , English radio host and producer
1978 – Runako Morton , Nevisian cricketer (d. 2012)
1978 – Dennis Rommedahl , Danish footballer
1979 – Anna Bieleń-Żarska , Polish tennis player
1979 – Lucas Luhr , German race car driver
1979 – Yadel Martí , Cuban baseball player
1980 – Tablo , South Korean-Canadian rapper
1980 – Scott Dixon , New Zealand race car driver
1980 – Dirk Kuyt , Dutch footballer
1980 – Kate Ryan , Belgian singer-songwriter
1981 – Fandango , American wrestler
1983 – Aldo de Nigris , Mexican footballer
1983 – Dries Devenyns , Belgian cyclist
1983 – Steven Jackson , American football player
1983 – Andreas Ulvo , Norwegian pianist
1984 – Stewart Downing , English footballer
1985 – Jessica Abbott , Australian swimmer
1985 – Takudzwa Ngwenya , Zimbabwean-American rugby player
1985 – Akira Tozawa , Japanese wrestler
1986 – Steve Johnson , American football player
1986 – Haruka Suenaga , Japanese actress and model
1987 – Ilja Glebov , Estonian figure skater
1987 – Charlotte Kalla , Swedish skier
1988 – Paul Coutts , Scottish footballer
1988 – Thomas Kraft , German footballer
1988 – Sercan Temizyürek , Turkish footballer
1989 – Keegan Allen , American actor, photographer and musician
1991 – Matty James , English footballer
1992 – Anja Aguilar , Filipino actress and singer
1992 – Selena Gomez , American singer
2002 – Prince Felix of Denmark
2013 – Prince George of Cambridge
698 – Wu Chengsi , nephew of Chinese sovereign Wu Zetian
1258 – Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol (b. c. 1200)
1274 – Henry I of Navarre , Count of Champagne and Brie and King of Navarre
1298 – Sir John de Graham , Scottish soldier at the Battle of Falkirk
1362 – Louis, Count of Gravina (b. 1324)
1376 – Simon Langham , Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1310)
1387 – Frans Ackerman , Flemish politician (b. 1330)
1461 – Charles VII of France (b. 1403)
1525 – Richard Wingfield , English courtier and diplomat, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (b. 1426)
1540 – John Zápolya , Hungarian king (b. 1487)
1619 – Lawrence of Brindisi , Italian priest and saint (b. 1559)
1633 – Trijntje Keever , Dutch giant (b. 1616)
1645 – Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares (b. 1587)
1676 – Pope Clement X (b. 1590)
1726 – Hugh Drysdale , English-American politician, Colonial Governor of Virginia
1734 – Peter King, 1st Baron King , English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1669)
1789 – Joseph Foullon de Doué , French politician, Controller-General of Finances (b. 1715)
1802 – Marie François Xavier Bichat , French anatomist and physiologist (b. 1771)
1824 – Thomas Macnamara Russell , English admiral
1826 – Giuseppe Piazzi , Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1746)
1832 – Napoleon II , French emperor (b. 1811)
1833 – Joseph Forlenze , Italian ophthalmologist and surgeon (b. 1757)
1864 – James B. McPherson , American general (b. 1828)
1869 – John A. Roebling , German-American engineer, designed the Brooklyn Bridge (b. 1806)
1902 – Mieczysław Halka-Ledóchowski , Polish cardinal (b. 1822)
1903 – Cassius Marcellus Clay , American publisher, lawyer, and politician, United States Ambassador to Russia (b. 1810)
1904 – Wilson Barrett , English actor and playwright (b. 1846)
1906 – William Snodgrass , Canadian minister and academic (b. 1827)
1908 – Randal Cremer , English politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1828)
1915 – Sandford Fleming , Scottish-Canadian engineer and inventor, developed Standard time (b. 1827)
1916 – James Whitcomb Riley , American poet and author (b. 1849)
1918 – Indra Lal Roy , Indian lieutenant and pilot (b. 1898)
1920 – William Kissam Vanderbilt , American businessman and horse breeder (b. 1849)
1922 – Jokichi Takamine , Japanese-American chemist and academic (b. 1854)
1932 – J. Meade Falkner , English author and poet (b. 1858)
1932 – Reginald Fessenden , Canadian inventor and academic (b. 1866)
1932 – Errico Malatesta , Italian activist and author (b. 1853)
1932 – Flo Ziegfeld , American actor and producer (b. 1867)
1934 – John Dillinger , American gangster (b. 1903)
1937 – Ted McDonald , Australian cricketer and footballer (b. 1891)
1940 – Albert Young , American boxer and promoter (b. 1877)
1948 – Rūdolfs Jurciņš , Latvian basketball player (b. 1909)
1950 – William Lyon Mackenzie King , Canadian economist and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
1958 – Mikhail Zoshchenko , Ukrainian-Russian soldier and author (b. 1895)
1967 – Carl Sandburg , American poet and historian (b. 1878)
1968 – Giovannino Guareschi , Italian journalist and cartoonist (b. 1908)
1970 – George Johnston , Australian journalist and author (b. 1912)
1974 – Wayne Morse , American lawyer and politician (b. 1900)
1979 – J. V. Cain , American football player (b. 1951)
1979 – Sándor Kocsis , Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1929)
1986 – Floyd Gottfredson , American author and illustrator (b. 1905)
1986 – Ede Staal , Dutch singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
1987 – Fahrettin Kerim Gökay , Turkish physician and politician, Turkish Minister of Health (b. 1900)
1990 – Manuel Puig , Argentinian author, playwright, and screenwriter (b. 1932)
1992 – David Wojnarowicz , American painter, photographer, and activist (b. 1954)
1995 – Harold Larwood , English-Australian cricketer (b. 1904)
1996 – Rob Collins , English keyboard player (b. 1956)
1998 – Rolf Botvid , Swedish actor and screenwriter (b. 1915)
1998 – Fritz Buchloh , German footballer and coach (b. 1909)
2000 – Eric Christmas , English-born Canadian actor (b. 1916)
2000 – Carmen Martín Gaite , Spanish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1925)
2000 – Raymond Lemieux , Canadian chemist and academic (b. 1920)
2000 – Claude Sautet , French director and screenwriter (b. 1924)
2001 – Indro Montanelli , Italian journalist and historian (b. 1909)
2004 – Sacha Distel , French singer and guitarist (b. 1933)
2004 – Illinois Jacquet , American saxophonist and composer (b. 1922)
2005 – Eugene Record , American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1940)
2006 – José Antonio Delgado , Venezuelan mountaineer (b. 1965)
2007 – Mike Coolbaugh , American baseball player and coach (b. 1972)
2007 – Jarrod Cunningham , New Zealand rugby player (b. 1968)
2007 – László Kovács , Hungarian-American director and cinematographer (b. 1933)
2007 – Rollie Stiles , American baseball player (b. 1906)
2008 – Estelle Getty , American actress (b. 1923)
2009 – Richard M. Givan , American lawyer and judge (b. 1921)
2009 – Peter Krieg , German director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1947)
2010 – Kenny Guinn , American banker and politician, 27th Governor of Nevada (b. 1936)
2011 – Linda Christian , Mexican-American actress (b. 1923)
2011 – Cees de Wolf , Dutch footballer (b. 1945)
2012 – Ding Guangen , Chinese engineer and politician (b. 1929)
2012 – George Armitage Miller , American psychologist and academic (b. 1920)
2012 – Frank Pierson , American director and screenwriter (b. 1925)
2013 – Natalie de Blois , American architect, co-designed the Lever House (b. 1921)
2013 – Dennis Farina , American policeman and actor (b. 1944)
2013 – Lawrie Reilly , Scottish footballer (b. 1928)
2013 – Rosalie E. Wahl , American lawyer and judge (b. 1924)
2014 – Johann Breyer , German SS officer (b. 1925)
2014 – Louis Lentin , Irish director and producer (b. 1933)
2014 – Nitzan Shirazi , Israeli footballer and manager (b. 1971)
2016 – Ursula Franklin , German-Canadian metallurgist (b. 1921)
Holidays and observances [ edit ]
External links [ edit ]
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