Cetrorelix
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| Trade names | Cetrotide |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
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| Routes of administration |
Subcutaneous injection |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 85% |
| Protein binding | 86% |
| Biological half-life | 62.8 hours / 3mg single dose; 5 hours / 0.25 mg single dose; 20.6 hours / 0.25mg multiple doses |
| Excretion | feces (5% to 10% as unchanged drug and metabolites); urine (2% to 4% as unchanged drug) |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.212.148 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C70H92ClN17O14 |
| Molar mass | 1431.06 g/mol |
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Cetrorelix (INN, BAN), or cetrorelix acetate (USAN, JAN), is an injectable gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist that is marketed primarily under the brand name Cetrotide. A synthetic decapeptide, it is used is used in assisted reproduction to inhibit premature luteinizing hormone surges[1] The drug works by blocking the action of GnRH upon the pituitary, thus rapidly suppressing the production and action of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In addition, cetrorelix can be used to treat hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate[citation needed] and breast (in pre-/perimenopausal women)[citation needed] and some benign gynaecological disorders (endometriosis, uterine fibroids and endometrial thinning).[citation needed] It is administered as either multiple 0.25 mg daily subcutaneous injections or as a single-dose 3 mg subcutaneous injection. The duration of the 3 mg single dose is four days; if hCG is not administered within four days, a daily 0.25 mg dose is started and continued until hCG is administered.
Use in IVF[edit]
Cetrorelix is marketed by Merck Serono for use in in-vitro fertilization in all countries except Japan, where it is marketed by Shionogi and Nippon Kayaku.[2] Aeterna Zentaris receives royalties on these sales and retains rights to develop cetrorelix for other indications. In IVF use it is injected daily after follicle stimulation has been initiated and evidence of follicle maturation is approaching; given daily it prevents an endogenous LH surge that would trigger an untimely ovulation prior to the hCG administration by the treating physician. As an alternative to the GnRH antagonist, also a GnRH agonist could be given, but agonist have to be started earlier to overcome the agonistic effect. Cetrorelix can be mixed with follitropin alpha without compromising their reported safety and efficacy.[3]
Implications[edit]
Over a period of 3 weeks, daily injections of cetrorelix were administered to 12 men in order to suppress testosterone levels. Testosterone levels were significantly suppressed as compared to a control group. During this time of suppression, increases in high density lipoproteins (HDLs) were seen. HDLs are responsible for removing cholesterol from the blood and higher amounts are correlated with increased cardivascular health.[4]
Contraindications[edit]
The use of cetrorelix is contraindicated in severe renal impairment. It is not intended for women aged 65 years or older. Use in women with severe allergic conditions is not recommended. Use with caution in women with active allergies or history of allergies.
References[edit]
- ^ http://www.emdserono.com/ms.country.us/en/images/Cetrotide_PI_tcm115_140012.pdf?Version=
- ^ Aeternia Zentaris product page[permanent dead link]
- ^ Lin, Y.; Wen, Y.; Chang, Y.; Seow, K.; Hsieh, B.; Hwang, J.; Tzeng, C. (2010). "Safety and efficacy of mixing cetrorelix with follitropin alfa: a randomized study". Fertility and Sterility. 94 (1): 179–183. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.02.062. PMID 19339001.
- ^ von Eckardstein, A (1997). "Suppression of Endogenous Testosterone in Young Men Increases Serum Levels of High Density Lipoprotein Subclass Lipoprotein A-I and Lipoprotein(a)". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology. 82 (10): 3367.
