When Donald Trump gave a speech last Friday at Boeing’s
factory in North Charleston, South Carolina – unveiling Boeing’s new 787
“Dreamliner” – he congratulated Boeing for building the
plane “right here” in South Carolina.
It’s pure fantasy. I’ll let you know why in
a moment.
Trump also used the occasion to tout his “America
First” economics, stating “our goal as a nation must be to rely less on
imports and more on products made here in the U.S.A.” and “we want products
made by our workers in our factories stamped by those four magnificent words,
‘Made in the U.S.A.’”
To achieve this goal Trump would impose “a very substantial penalty” on companies that fired their workers and moved to another country to make a product, and
then tried to sell it back to America.
The carrot would be lower taxes and fewer regulations “that send our jobs to those other countries.”
Trump seems utterly ignorant about global
competition – and about what’s really holding back American workers.
Start with Boeing’s Dreamliner itself.
It’s not “made in the U.S.A..” It’s assembled
in the United States. But most of it parts come from overseas. Those foreign
parts total almost a third of the cost of the entire plane.
For example:
The Italian firm Alenia Aeronautica makes
the center fuselage and horizontal stabilizers.
The French firm Messier-Dowty makes the
aircraft’s landing gears and doors.
The German firm Diehl Luftfahrt Elektronik
supplies the main cabin lighting.
The Swedish firm Saab Aerostructures makes the
cargo access doors.
The Japanese company Jamco makes parts for
the lavatories, flight deck interiors and galleys.
The French firm Thales makes its electrical
power conversion system.
Thales selected GS Yuasa, a Japanese firm,
in 2005 to supply it with the system’s lithium-ion batteries.
The British company Rolls Royce makes many
of the engines.
A Canadian firm makes the moveable trailing
edge of the wings.
Notably, these companies don’t pay their
workers low wages. In fact, when you add in the value of health and pension benefits
– either directly from these companies to their workers, or in the form
of public benefits to which the companies contribute – most of these foreign workers
get a better deal than do Boeing’s workers. (The
average wage for Boeing production and maintenance workers in South Carolina is
$20.59 per hour, or $42,827 a year.) They also get more paid vacation days.
These nations also provide most young
people with excellent educations and technical training. They continuously
upgrade the skills of their workers. And they offer universally-available
health care.
To pay for all this, these countries also
impose higher tax rates on their corporations and wealthy individuals than does
the United States. And their health, safety, environmental, and labor
regulations are stricter.
Not incidentally, they have stronger
unions.
So why is so much of Boeing’s Dreamliner
coming from these high-wage, high-tax, high-cost places?
Because the parts made by workers in these countries are better, last
longer, and are more reliable than parts made anywhere else.
There’s a lesson here.
The way to make the
American workforce more competitive isn’t to put economic walls around America.
It’s to invest more and invest better in the education and skills of Americans,
in on-the-job training, in a healthcare system that reaches more of us and
makes sure we stay healthy. And to give workers a say in their companies
through strong unions.
In other words, we get a first-class workforce by investing in
the productive capacities of Americans – and rewarding
them with high wages.
It’s the exact opposite of what Trump is proposing.
By the way, the first delivery of the
Dreamliner is scheduled to take place next year – to Singapore Airlines.
Current orders for it include Air France, British Airways, and Mexico’s
flag carrier, Aeromexico.
Boeing is also looking to China to buy as much
as $1 trillion worth of its commercial airplanes over the next two decades,
including wide-body jets like the 787 Dreamliner. China already accounts for a
fifth of Boeing’s sales.
But if Trump succeeds in putting an
economic wall around America, these other nation’s airlines may have second
thoughts about buying from Boeing. They might choose an airplane from a country
more open to their own exports – say, Europe’s Airbus.
Trump’s “America First” economics is pure
demagoguery. Xenophobic grandstanding doesn’t boost the competitiveness of
American workers. Nor does it boost American-based companies.
At most, it boosts Trump.