Antifascist Circle
The Antifascist Circle (German: Antifaschistischer Freundeskreis) is a logo designed by Sergei Chakhotin - former assistant to the physiologist Ivan Pavlov - in 1931[1][2][3] for the 1930s German anti-fascist organization Iron Front. The logo was designed to be able to easily cover up Nazi swastikas. The symbol was later adopted in the United States by the Young People's Socialist League (formed in 1989), and was kept as their logo until their disbandment in 2010.[citation needed]
The meaning of the three arrows has been interpreted differently. One position is that they stood for the opponents of social democracy: state communism, Nazism and reactionary forces.[4] Another claim is that they stand for the three columns of the German workers' movement: a party, a trade union and the Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold.
Footnotes[edit]
- ^ Friedrich-Wilhelm Witt, "Die Hamburger Sozialdemokratie in der Weimarer Republik". Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Jahre 1929/30 - 1933 ("Hamburg Social Democracy in the Weimar Republic". With special consideration of the years 1929/30 - 1933), Hannover 1971, p. 136
- ^ Sergei Tschachotin, Dreipfeil gegen Hakenkreuz ("Three Arrows Against the Swastika"), Kopenhagen 1933
- ^ Dr. Richard Albrecht, PhD., “Dreipfeil gegen Hakenkreuz” - Symbolkrieg in Deutschland 1932 (“Three Arrows Against the Swastika” - symbol war in Germany 1932". Historical Case-Study in Anti-Nazi-Propaganda Within Germany and Western Europe, 1931-35), pub. January 2005
- ^ See German SPD Poster for 1932 Elections
See also[edit]
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