Pheniramine

Pheniramine

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
MedlinePlus	a606008
Pregnancy category	AU: A US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of administration	Oral; injection (intramuscular or slow intravenous); topical (ophthalmic/nasal solution)
ATC code	D04AA16 (WHO) R06AB05 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Hepatic hydroxylation, demethylation and glucuronidation
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
IUPAC name N,N-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-amine
CAS Number	86-21-5 Y
PubChem (CID)	4761
IUPHAR/BPS	7267
DrugBank	DB01620 Y
ChemSpider	4597 Y
UNII	134FM9ZZ6M Y
KEGG	D08355 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1193 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.506
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H20N2
Molar mass	240.343 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES n1ccccc1C(c2ccccc2)CCN(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C16H20N2/c1-18(2)13-11-15(14-8-4-3-5-9-14)16-10-6-7-12-17-16/h3-10,12,15H,11,13H2,1-2H3 Y Key:IJHNSHDBIRRJRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Pheniramine (INN, trade name Avil, among others) is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria. It has relatively strong sedative effects, and may sometimes be used off-label as an over-the-counter sleeping pill in a similar manner to other sedating antihistamines such as diphenhydramine. Pheniramine is also commonly found in eyedrops used for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

Pheniramine is generally sold in combination with other medications, rather than as a stand-alone drug, although some formulations are available containing pheniramine by itself. As an example, Neo Citran contains pheniramine.

Chemical relatives

Derivatives of pheniramine include chlorphenamine, dexchlorpheniramine, dexbrompheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine, triprolidine, and brompheniramine. Two other halogenated derivatives, iodopheniramine and fluorpheniramine, are currently in use for research on combination therapies for malaria and some cancers. The halogenation of pheniramine increases its potency by 20-fold.

Side effects

Pheniramine may cause drowsiness or bradycardia, and over-dosage may lead to sleep disorders. Overdose may lead to seizures, especially in combination with alcohol. People combining with cortisol in the long term should avoid pheniramine as it may cause lowered levels of adrenaline (epinephrine) which may lead to loss of consciousness.

See also

• Citalopram
• Diphenhydramine
• Doxylamine
• Tripelennamine

References

• Leaflet on Avil by The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners

External links

• MedlinePlus Encyclopedia Pheniramine overdose