Propoxur

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Propoxur
Skeletal formula of propoxur
Ball-and-stick model of the propoxur molecule
Names
IUPAC name
2-Isopropoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate
Identifiers
114-26-1 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:34938 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL446060 N
ChemSpider 4775 N
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.676
KEGG C14334 YesY
PubChem 4944
UNII BFH029TL73 YesY
Properties
C11H15NO3
Molar mass 209.25 g·mol−1
Appearance White to tan crystalline powder[1]
Odor faint, characteristic[1]
Melting point 86 to 92 °C; 187 to 197 °F; 359 to 365 K
Boiling point decomposes[1]
0.2% (20°C)[1]
Vapor pressure 0.000007 mmHg (20°C)[1]
Pharmacology
QP53AE02 (WHO)
Hazards
Flash point > 149 °C; 300 °F; 422 K
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
 none[1]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.5 mg/m3[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D.[1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Propoxur (Baygon) is a carbamate insecticide and was introduced in 1959. Propoxur is a non-systemic insecticide with a fast knockdown and long residual effect used against turf, forestry, and household pests and fleas. It is also used in pest control for other domestic animals, Anopheles mosquitoes, ants, gypsy moths, and other agricultural pests.[2][3] It can also be used as a molluscicide.[3][4][5]

Several U.S. states have petitioned the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to use propoxur against bedbug infestations, but the EPA has been reluctant to approve indoor use because of its potential toxicity to children after chronic exposure.[6]

Action[edit]

Carbamate insecticides kill insects by reversibly inactivating the enzyme acetylcholinesterase.

Environmental effects[edit]

It rapidly breaks down in alkaline solution.[7] Propoxur is highly toxic to many bird species, but its toxicity varies by the species. It is moderately to slightly toxic to fish and other aquatic species. Propoxur is highly toxic to honeybees.[5]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0531". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). 
  2. ^ ACGIH, 1991a[full citation needed]
  3. ^ a b Budavari, 1996a[full citation needed]
  4. ^ Lewis, 1993a[full citation needed]
  5. ^ a b EXTOXNET Extension Toxicology Network. Pesticide Information Profile. Propoxur. June 1996.
  6. ^ New York Times. In Search of a Bedbug Solution. Published: September 4, 2010.
  7. ^ Propoxur (WHO Pesticide Residues Series 3): October 01, 2009.
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