Bumi

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Bumi  Simbol astronomis Bumi
Earth Eastern Hemisphere.jpg
Foto Bumi saka luar angkasa
Penamaan
Adjektif Terestrial, Terran, Telluric, Tellurian, Kebumian
Epos J2000.0[note 1]
Aphelion 152.097.701 km
1,0167103335 SA
Perihelion 147.098.074 km
0,9832898912 SA
Sumbu semi-mayor 149.597.887,5 km
1,0000001124 SA
Eksentrisitas 0,016710219
Periode orbit 365,256366 dina
1,0000175 taun
Kecepatan orbit rata-rata 29,783 km/s
107.218 km/jam
Inklinasi 1°34'43,3"[1]
nuju Bidang Invariabel
Bujur node menaik 348,73936°
Argumen perihelion 114,20783°
Satelit 1 (Bulan)
Ciri-ciri fisik
Jari-jari rata-rata 6,371.0 km[2]
Jari-jari khatulistiwa 6.378,1 km[3]
Jari-jari kutub 6.356,8 km[4]
Kepepatan 0,0033528[3]
Keliling khatulistiwa 40.075,02 km (khatulistiwa)
40.007,86 km (meridian)
40.041,47 km (rata-rata)
Luas permukaan 510.072.000 km²[5][6][note 2]

148.940.000 km² dharatan  (29,2 %)

361.132.000 km² perairan (70,8 %)
Volume 1,0832073×1012 km3
Massa 5,9736×1024 kg[7]
Kepadatan rata-rata 5,5153 g/cm3
Gravitasi permukaan di khatulistiwa 9,780327 m/s²[8]
0,99732 g
Kecepatan lepas 11,186 km/s 
Hari sideris 0,99726968 d[9]
23h 56m 4.100s
Kecepatan rotasi 1674,4 km/jam
Kemiringan sumbu 23,439281°
Albedo 0,367[7]
Suhu permukaan
   Kelvin
   Celsius
min rata-rata maks
184 K 287 K 331 K
−89 °C 14 °C 57, 7 °C
Atmosfer
Tekanan permukaan 101,3 kPa (Lumahing laut)
Komposisi 78,08% Nitrogen (N2)
20,95% Oksigen (O2)
0,93% Argon
0,038% Karbon dioksida
Sekitar 1% uap banyu (variasi selaras iklim)[7]

Bumi iku planet nomer 3 ing sistem tata surya. Planet bumi iku dibungkus lapisan atmosfer kanggo ngelindungi bumi saking radiasi angkasa, awan srengéngé uga sinar-sinar tinentu saking srengéngé sing bahaya.

Sajarah[besut | besut sumber]

Susunan[besut | besut sumber]

Lapisan-lapisan bumi

Planet bumi iku kesusun saking lapisan-lapisan:

Lapisan mantel bumi iku akèh banget jinisé. Sing jaba dhéwé biasa diarani mantel dhuwur. Lapisan paling njaba ing mantel dhuwur iki bareng kaliyan lapisan paling ngisor kerak bumi iku mbentuk lapisan litosfer. Ing ngisor litosfér iku ana lapisan astenosfer.

Delengen uga[besut | besut sumber]

Cathetan suku[besut | besut sumber]

  1. ^ All astronomical quantities vary, both secularly and periodically. The quantities given are the values at the instant J2000.0 of the secular variation, ignoring all periodic variations.
  2. ^ Due to natural fluctuations, ambiguities surrounding ice shelves, and mapping conventions for vertical datums, exact values for land and ocean coverage are not meaningful. Based on data from the Vector Map and Global Landcover datasets, extreme values for coverage of lakes and streams are 0.6% and 1.0% of the earth’s surface. Note that the ice shields of Antarctica and Greenland are counted as land, even though much of the rock which supports them lies below sea level.

Réferènsi[besut | besut sumber]

  1. ^ Allen, Clabon Walter; Cox, Arthur N. (2000). Allen's Astrophysical Quantities. Springer. k. 294. ISBN 0387987460. 
  2. ^ Various (2000). David R. Lide, ed. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC. ISBN 0849304814. 
  3. ^ a b IERS Working Groups (2003). "General Definitions and Numerical Standards". In McCarthy, Dennis D.; Petit, Gérard. IERS Technical Note No. 32. U.S. Naval Observatory and Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. Dijupuk 2008-08-03. 
  4. ^ Cazenave, Anny (1995). Ahrens, Thomas J., ed. Global earth physics a handbook of physical constants (PDF). Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union. ISBN 0-87590-851-9. Diarsip saka sing asli (PDF) ing 2009-03-24. Dijupuk 2008-08-03.  Paramèter |chaptertitle= sing ora kawruhan dikiwakaké (pitulung)
  5. ^ Pidwirny, Michael (2006-02-02). "Surface area of our planet covered by oceans and continents.(Table 8o-1)". University of British Columbia, Okanagan. Dijupuk 2007-11-26. 
  6. ^ Cacad sitiran: Tag <ref> ora absah; ora ditemokaké tèks kanggo ref mawa jeneng cia
  7. ^ a b c Cacad sitiran: Tag <ref> ora absah; ora ditemokaké tèks kanggo ref mawa jeneng earth_fact_sheet
  8. ^ Yoder, C. F. (1995) p. 12.
  9. ^ Allen, Clabon Walter; Cox, Arthur N. (2000). Allen's Astrophysical Quantities. Springer. k. 296. ISBN 0387987460. 


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