Avoid liquorice while pregnant: Scientists find one of its ingredients can affect a child's IQ, memory and even cause ADHD
- Liquorice is known to contain glycyrrhizin - which has harmful effects on a foetus
- New research has discovered that it impairs children's IQ's by at least 7 points
- Scientists are now unsure if there is even a safe limit of the natural sweetener
Pregnant women have long been warned to stay away from liquorice.
But new research has found another reason why expectant mothers should avoid the popular sweets.
Eating lots of liquorice all-sorts while carrying a child can affect their IQ, affect their memory and increase their chances of ADHD, scientists discovered.
Experts are unsure if there is a safe limit of glycyrrhizin - found in liquorice - for pregnant women due to its harmful effects.
Scientists have discovered that eating lots of liquorice while pregnant can affect a child's IQ levels, memory and could cause ADHD
Finnish researchers compared 378 youths whose mothers had either consumed large amounts or next-to-no liquorice while pregnant.
They defined a large amount as more than 500mg of glycyrrhizin each week - the equivalent to 250g of liquorice.
In real terms, that is slightly more than a standard packet of Maynards Bassetts Liquorice Allsorts - which weigh 190g.
In the study, youths were then asked to perform cognitive reasoning tests to measure their intelligence levels.
They found those exposed to large amounts of liquorice in the womb performed less well. On average the difference was seven IQ points.
While it also made the youngsters have worse memory, according to the study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology.
Experts are unsure if there is a safe limit of glycyrrhizin - found in liquorice - for pregnant women due to its harmful effects
As a result of animal experiments, the biological mechanism of the effects of liquorice is well known.
Glycyrrhizin intensifies the effects of stress hormone cortisol by inhibiting the enzyme that inactivates cortisol.
While cortisol is essential to the development of a fetus, it is detrimental in large amounts.
And parental estimates even suggested that the natural sweetener even caused ADHD-type problems.
While in terms of puberty, it was found to make girls start theirs earlier - putting them at risk of breast cancer, diabetes and heart disease.
The University of Helsinki researchers now claim pregnant women and those seeking a family should be warned of glycyrrhizin's harmful effects.
However, they said it was impossible to say whether it was directly responsible for the development of a child.
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