Champagne

Champagne (French: [ʃɑ̃.paɲ]) is a sparkling wine produced from the Champagne region grape grown in France following rules that demand, among other things, secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to create carbonation, specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from specific parcels in the Champagne appellation and specific pressing regimes unique to the region. Some use the term Champagne as a generic term for sparkling wine, but in most countries, it is illegal to officially label any product Champagne unless it both comes from the Champagne region and is produced under the rules of the appellation.

The primary grapes used in the production of Champagne are black Pinot noir and Pinot Meunier but also white Chardonnay. Champagne appellation law only allows grapes grown according to appellation rules in specifically designated plots within the appellation to be used in the production of Champagne.

Royalty became associated with Champagne in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to popularity among the emerging middle class.

Champagne, Switzerland

Champagne is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

History

Champagne is first mentioned in 885 as Campania.

In 1974, vintners in the Swiss city were ordered by the World Trade Organization to cease using "champagne" in the name of the white wine produced there since the 9th century. In a deal with the EU, the town agreed to stop using the name in 2004. Sales dropped from 110,000 bottles a year to 32,000 after the change. In April 2008, villagers voted to continue to try to use the name.

Geography

Champagne has an area, as of 2009, of 3.92 square kilometers (1.51 sq mi). Of this area, 2.02 km² (0.78 sq mi) or 51.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.44 km² (0.56 sq mi) or 36.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.39 km² (0.15 sq mi) or 9.9% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km² (9.9 acres) or 1.0% is either rivers or lakes and 0.04 km² (9.9 acres) or 1.0% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.1%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.3%. Out of the forested land, 35.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 34.2% is used for growing crops and 7.9% is pastures, while 9.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

Champagne (wine region)

The Champagne wine region (archaic English: Champany) is a historic province within the administrative province of Champagne in the northeast of France. The area is best known for the production of the sparkling white wine that bears the region's name. EU law and the laws of most countries reserve the term "Champagne" exclusively for wines that come from this region located about 100 miles (160 km) east of Paris. The viticultural boundaries of Champagne are legally defined and split into five wine producing districts within the administrative province: Aube, Côte des Blancs, Côte de Sézanne, Montagne de Reims, and Vallée de la Marne. The towns of Reims and Épernay are the commercial centers of the area.

Located at the northern edges of France, the history of the Champagne wine region has had a significant role in the development of this unique terroir. The area's proximity to Paris promoted the region's economic success in its wine trade but also put the villages and vineyards in the path of marching armies on their way to the French capital. Despite the frequency of these military conflicts, the region developed a reputation for quality wine production in the early Middle Ages and was able to continue that reputation as the region's producers began making sparkling wine with the advent of the great Champagne houses in the 17th and 18th centuries. The principal grapes grown in the region include Chardonnay, Pinot noir, and Pinot Meunier. Pinot noir is the most widely planted grape in the Aube region and grows very well in Montagne de Reims. Pinot Meunier is the dominant grape in the Vallée de la Marne region. The Côte des Blancs is dedicated almost exclusively to Chardonnay.

Mix

Mix, mixes, mixture, or mixing may refer to:

In mathematics, science, and technology

In electronics and telecommunications

Other uses in mathematics, science, and technology

DJ mix

A DJ mix or DJ mixset is a sequence of musical tracks typically mixed together to appear as one continuous track. DJ mixes are usually performed using a DJ mixer and multiple sounds sources, such as turntables, CD players, digital audio players or computer sound cards, sometimes with the addition of samplers and effects units, although it's possible to create one using sound editing software.

DJ mixing is significantly different from live sound mixing. Remix services were offered beginning in the late 1970s in order to provide music which was more easily beatmixed by DJs for the dancefloor. One of the earliest DJs to refine their mixing skills was DJ Kool Herc.Francis Grasso was the first DJ to use headphones and a basic form of mixing at the New York nightclub Sanctuary. Upon its release in 2000, Paul Oakenfold's Perfecto Presents: Another World became the biggest selling dj mix album in the US.

Music

A DJ mix is often put together with music from genres that fit into the more general term electronic dance music. Other genres mixed by DJ includes hip hop, breakbeat and disco. Four on the floor disco beats can be used to create seamless mixes so as to keep dancers locked to the dancefloor. Two of main characteristics of music used in dj mixes is a dominant bassline and repetitive beats. Music mixed by djs usually has a tempo which ranges from 120 bpm up to 160 bpm.

Mix (Stellar album)

Mix is the debut studio album by New Zealand Pop rock band Stellar, released by Sony BMG on 29 July 1999. The album debuted at #2 on the RIANZ albums chart, and after seven weeks within the top 10 would finally reach the #1 position. The album would spend a whole 18 weeks within the top 10 on the charts. The album was certified 5x platinum, meaning that it had sold over 75,000 copies in New Zealand.

The album was re-released on 18 February 2000 as a limited edition which included a new cover art and a bonus CD-rom that included the music videos for the singles "Part of Me", "Violent" and "Every Girl" as well as three remixes (these had appeared on previous singles) and an 8-minute documentary. Even after the limited edition's run had finished, all subsequent pressings of the album would feature the new cover.

Mix became the 22nd best-selling album in 2000 in New Zealand. At the New Zealand Music Awards in 2000, Mix won the Album of the Year award.

Track listing

Singles