14th century

As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was the century lasting from January 1, 1301, to December 31, 1400. Political and natural disaster and black death ravaged Europe, as well as the four khanates of the Mongolian Empire. Consequently, the Mongol court was driven out of China and retreated to Mongolia, the Ilkhanate collapsed in Persia, the Chaghatayid dissolved into two parts, and the Golden Horde lost its position as great power in Eastern Europe.

In Europe, the Black Death claimed between 75 to 200 million lives, while England and France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France.

Events

14 (number)

14 (fourteen /fɔərˈtiːn/) is the natural number following 13 and preceding 15.

In speech, the numbers 14 and 40 are often confused. When carefully enunciated, they differ in which syllable is stressed: 14 ⁱ/fɔərˈtiːn/ vs 40 /ˈfɔːrti/. In relation to the word "four" (4), 14 is spelled "fourteen".

In mathematics

Fourteen is a composite number, its divisors being 1, 2, 7 and 14.

14 is the 3rd discrete semiprime (2 × 7) and the 3rd member of the (2·q) discrete semiprime family. The number following 14—15—is itself a discrete semiprime and this is the first such pair of discrete semiprimes. The next example is the pair commencing 21.

The aliquot sum σ(n) of 14 is 10, also a discrete semiprime and this is again the first example of a discrete semiprime having an aliquot sum in the same form. 14 has an aliquot sequence of 6 members (14,10,8,7,1,0) 14 is the third composite number in the 7-aliquot tree.

Fourteen is itself the aliquot sum of two numbers; the discrete semiprime 22, and the square number 169.